God speaks the universe into existence and calls it Deuteronomy is a review as Moses In 1 and 2 Samuel, 1 and 2 Kings, and reviewed again in 1 and 2 Chronicles is the movement “good.” Adam and Eve are the pinnacle of creation calls everyone back to faithfulness as from the period of the judges to the onset of kingship. The people sinfully demand to have a and enjoy an intimate relationship with God. But they get ready to enter the Promised king like their pagan neighbors. So, God sets up a three-part leadership structure: kings, their sin brings death into the world and breaks their Land. The prophetic office is instituted priests, and prophets. Kings lead the nation, priests are intermediaries between Israel & God, relationship with God. God promises to send a and immediately anticipates the coming and prophets proclaim God’s message. The coming Redeemer would function as all three. Redeemer to crush evil (Gen. 3:15). This promise is greater Prophet (Deut. 18:15-18). the central theme of Scripture. The first king of the “united monarchy” (all 12 tribes together) is King Saul. He starts off well Deuteronomy ends with a tension that but is insecure and lashes out at anyone who threatens him. Eventually he rebels against God’s plan of redemption is seen after the flood. began in the Pentateuch and runs God and dies, giving rise to David. God promises David that one of his descendants would Gen. 9 hints that the world will be blessed through throughout the OT (e.g. Ex. 34, Is. 6, rule God’s people forever (The Davidic Covenant). This reveals that the Redeemer will come Noah’s son Shem. In Gen. 12 God elects Abraham, Pr. 15): God forgives the wicked yet from the line of David. David makes Jerusalem his capital and begins building the temple. Shem’s descendant, and promises to bless him also punishes the wicked. How can (Abrahamic Covenant) by making his family a great both be true? This tension will not be David’s son Solomon becomes king and finishes the temple. His son Rehoboam then nation and giving them a land (Israel) so that they resolved until the Redeemer arrives becomes king and sadly divides the kingdom between 10 northern (Israel) and 2 southern will be God’s light to the whole world (Israel will fail and forgives the wicked by being tribes (Judah). The North establishes their own king and builds 2 temples for themselves. at this; the Redeemer will ultimately fulfill this role). punished in their place (Gal. 3:13-14). Idolatry becomes rampant in both kingdoms. In 722 BC God lets the North be defeated by the Assyrians, exiled, and lost from history. God later lets the South be sacked by the Genesis ends with a section on Jacob (Israel) and Moses lays out the numbering of Babylonians, the temple destroyed, and the elite of Jerusalem (e.g. Daniel) exiled to Babylon. his 12 sons (who form the tribes of Israel) and the people and the distribution of reveals that the Redeemer will come from the land once they enter the Israel gets caught between enemy nations to the north and south. Israel nation of Israel, specifically the tribe of Judah in the Promised Land. Chapter 24 defeats the army to the north but instead of reestablishing the Davidic line of Shem (49:10). foretells the glad tidings coming kingship, lets guerilla leaders take over. This allows Rome to conquer with the future Redeemer. Israel. The Jews yearn for the Redeemer to rescue them from Rome. Sam, Kgs, Prophets, Ezra & Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Joshua & Judges Silent 400 yrs New Testament Chron, Dan. Nehemiah Leviticus introduces ceremonial laws and the priestly sacrificial Some prophets write before/during the exile and others write after the exile. The system with emphasis on the Day of Atonement. The Levitical central message of the prophets is that God is judging Israel for its wickedness but priesthood points ahead to the true Mediator (Redeemer) to come. that God also has a plan to restore the Israelites to their land and to restore all of sinful humanity to God through the coming Redeemer. In Ezra, many Jews return from exile As Israelite numbers grow, Pharaoh feels threatened and enslaves and rebuild the temple. Nehemiah returns and rebuilds the city walls. Israel celebrates the new wall but quickly sinks into yet another rebellion against God. The book (and them. Moses is raised in the courts of Pharaoh but still feels loyal essentially the Old Testament) ends with Nehemiah in despair at the sins of Israel. to Israel. He behaves foolishly as a young man and flees for his life into the desert where he is a shepherd until age 80. Then God Joshua brings the Israelites into the Promised Land but Judges shows that in the following years there calls him to face Pharaoh and demand he free the Israelites. are cycles of depravity that bring the people down again and again. There was no king over Israel at Pharaoh refuses. Even plagues don’t change his mind. He orders this time. Israel was a theocracy where God Himself ruled and appointed judges to help govern the the death of every Israelite firstborn son. The people are helpless nation. When the people got desperate enough, God would raise up a judge to save them again and to save themselves, so God intervenes and reverses Pharaoh’s again. But finally, Israel sinks into extreme idolatry and immorality and the book ends in bleak despair. curse–the curse falls on Egypt. Israel escapes death through the blood of a substitutionary sacrifice and Pharaoh releases them. Jesus, the long-awaited Redeemer, is born in Bethlehem under Roman imperial rule. He is the true Israel (everything God called Israel to be) and fulfills the two main roles of the Law: (1) He meets God’s holy standards by living a life of perfect At Sinai, God establishes a covenant (Mosaic) with Israel and character and conduct and (2) atones for the sins of the world by becoming the ultimate/final substitutionary sacrifice on the gives them their “constitution” that comprises much of Exodus, cross. This establishes the New Covenant where believing Jews and Gentiles all become “the people of God.” After Christ Leviticus, and Deuteronomy. The Law has two main roles: (1) is resurrected, the Church explodes. Acts traces the continuing work of Christ through Peter and Paul. The Epistles are reveal God’s holy character and (2) reveal man’s sinful character letters written by apostles to churches/individuals to (a) address spiritual issues and (b) interpret Christ’s person and work. and need for a substitutionary sacrifice to remove sin. The Book of Revelation is an apocalyptic letter written by the apostle John to warn seven churches that harsh persecution God makes provision for Israel to meet with Him–tabernacle and suffering are coming at the hands of Rome (“the beast”). He challenges and encourages them to cling to the hope that worship. The tabernacle system pointed to God’s holiness, man’s the Lamb has triumphed and will one day return to vanquish all evil and establish a new heaven and new earth under His sinfulness, and the need for a mediator for man to approach God. rule. Believers will then live in a spectacular, holy, resurrection existence where they will know and enjoy God forever.
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