Prophet Muhammad and marriage.pdf - کاربر مهمان

Please enable JavaScript to view the full PDF

False assumptions regarding the wives of Prophet Muhammad, including Aisha. Such as Aisha was too young when she married the Prophet?! This article is divided into three parts: 1. The first part contains historical documents indicating that in the past, people used to marry young. 2. The second part explains why early marriage was necessary in the past. 3. Finally, it will be proved that Aisha was not 9 years old when she married the Prophet Muhammad!! 1. Early marriage has been common throughout history: 1️.We don't need to go back 1,400 years to prove precocious puberty; we will take you to 100 years ago to disprove this false assumption . In his book, Stalin [the atheist dictator], Edvard Radzinsky, the prominent Russian historian and author, writes about Georgian girls, " Girls mature early in Georgia. A sixteen-year-old has been an adult woman for some time". Radzinsky, Edvard. Stalin: The First In-Depth Biography Based on Explosive New Documents from Russia's Secret Archives, p. 103. http://dl.lilibook.ir/2017/02/Stalin-Edvard-Radzinsky.pdf , p.44. As you can see, 16-year-old Georgian girls were considered adults 100 years ago!!! Now go back 1400 years and imagine the environmental conditions in the tropics. 2️. Karen Armstrong, a British author and commentator of Irish Catholic descent, says: "Muhammad’s harem has excited a good deal of prurient and ill-natured speculation in the West, but in Arabia, where polygamy was more common than the monogamous marriage that Muhammad had enjoyed with Khadijah, it would have been commonplace". (Armstrong, Karen. Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time, p. 92) https://pdfhost.io/v/1~5iz5HFp_Muhammad_A_Prophet_for_Our_Time 3. According to historical documents marriage was usual in teens; about 13 and older than that... In the middle ages, girls were typically in their teens when they married, and boys were in their early twenties. https://www.medievaltimes.com/education/medieval-era/marriage According to churches in the middle ages, once a girl was physically ready to consummate a sexual relationship, she was ready for marriage, and the same was true for boys. However, since puberty came earlier for females than males, they could marry at a younger age usually, he said, girls were ready at age twelve and boys at age fourteen. https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/society/sex/sex-spouses.php Dr. Ruth Lamdan, the Israeli historian, says that marriage in teens was so common previously... The numerous references to child marriage in the 16th- century Responsa literature and other sources, shows that child marriage was so common, it was virtually the norm. Of all the criticism that Islam has endured since it appeared on the scene as a new religion fourteen centuries ago, the marriage of Muhammad to Ayesha was not one of them until fairly recently. In reality, the idea of young girls marrying and even conceiving was quite common in the medieval period. https://islamfyi.princeton.edu/is-it-true-that-muhammad-married-a-child-bride-by-the-name- of-ayesha-when-he-was-53-and-she-was-9-years-old-if-so-how-do-muslims-justify-this- from-their-exemplary-prophet/ Although the frequency of child marriages has declined since the early twentieth century, Syrett reveals that the practice was historically far more widespread in the United States than is commonly thought. https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/11840853 Once he had passed the age of five or seven, the child was immediately absorbed into the world of adults: this concept of a brief childhood lasted for a long time in the lower classes. In the seventeenth century, 'by the age of ten, girls were already little women. http://www.units.miamioh.edu/eduleadership/courses/334/334_what_is_teenager.html It is concluded that marriage at a young age has been very common in ancient times. 2. The rationality of marriage at a young age 1. Low life expectancy in the past It's amazing, but the BBC tells us the average life expectancy for a male child born in the UK between 1276 and 1300 was 31 years. In 1998, it is 76 . http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/241864.stm The University of Pennsylvania, USA, confirms this and says the same thing; Life expectancy at birth was a brief 25 years during the Roman Empire, it reached 33 years by the Middle Ages and raised up to 55 years in the early 1900s. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.566.9726&rep=rep1&type=pdf During the period of the medieval Islamic Caliphate, however, life expectancy at birth of the general population was relatively high, above 35 years. https://icrjournal.org/index.php/icr/article/view/303 And now any wise and fair human being who looks at this short lifespan of human beings in the middle Ages and early Islam should easily realize that marriage at a young age is not only okay, but also a necessity for reproduction and prevention of human extinction. 2. Defensive strategy A bigger army equals a greater chance of winning the war, and to create such a great army, humans should not postpone marriage until the age of 30, but should marry exactly from the beginning of puberty and adolescence, and with more children create their great army. The University of Chicago confirms our statement that the rate of childbearing reaches its highest during the war; The birth rate has already passed the wartime peak and is now rapidly declining. The record 1943 crop of 3,100,000 babies will probably be reduced to about 2,640,000 in 1944 and to 2,100,000 yearly by the time the war ends. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/219517?journalCode=ajs Well, it turns out that marriage at a young age and having more children is not only flawless, but also a clever strategy for success in wars. 3. Reject the claim that mental maturity is absolute The age of mental maturity is completely relative and a certain number cannot be used for all times, places and conditions. However, the relationship between psychological maturity and age is a difficult one, and there has been much debate over methods of determining maturity, considering its subjective nature, relativity to the current environment and/or other factors, and especially regarding social issues such as religion, politics, culture, laws and etc. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maturity_(psychological) So one of the alleged barriers to marriage at the age of 9 is rejected, and it becomes clear that the issue of mental maturity is completely relative. 4. The impact of air heat in Saudi on maturity Charles de Montesquieu, one of the most prominent and influential thinkers in modern political philosophy, says: In countries with warm climates, girls reach puberty between the ages of 8, 9 and 10. Ruh Al_qawanin 1349 sh, p. 432 Saudi Arabia has a very hot climate and this environmental factor causes biological changes in the human body and Sexual power. We see that the University of Chicago has also confirmed our statement; Other environmental determinants, however, may include stress, climate and light cycles, and chemical exposures https://pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu/sites/pedclerk.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/PrecociousPub.PI R_.2006.pdf 👉3. When Aisha married the Prophet Muhammad, she was more than nine years old. Two sisters: Asma was the 17th person and Aisha was the 19th person to convert to Islam. Therefore, they converted to Islam during the first three years of the Prophetic mission. Mustadrak Hakem, Volume 4, Page 72 : http://bit.ly/2DetshK Alesti'ab, Volume 4, Page 1782: http://bit.ly/2F53rU6 So Aisha embraced Islam in the first year of the Prophetic mission and as it was said, she was a minor. However, the minimum age for knowing faith and Islam is 7. She married Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) in the second year of the Hegira (15th of the prophetic mission), when she was about 21-22 years old. The most prominent argument is that Aisha married Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in the first or second year of the Hegira: in the first or second year of the Hegira, her sister Asma was 27 or 28 years old, and since Aisha was 10 years younger than her, she was a 17 or 18-year-old girl who married the Prophet in the first or second year of the Hegira. Also, the Prophet had no other wives while Lady Khadija was alive; An issue that shows his loyalty and love for his wife, and proves that he was a man of faith and commitment. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://themuslimtimesdotinfodot com.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/an_apology_for_mohammed_and_the_koran.pdf&ved=2a hUKEwiSyumqmKnvAhWH3oUKHRINCsgQFjAAegQIAhAC&usg=AOvVaw24zVp4GW HOBwCHIEfMVqKr http://antizandiq.blog.ir/post/4 Islam's view of men and women, and some reasons for the Prophet's marriages after Khadijah; Islam teaches that men and women are equal before God. It grants women divinely sanctioned inheritance, property, social and marriage rights, including the right to reject the terms of a proposal and to initiate divorce. The American middle-class trend to include a prenuptial agreement in the marriage contract is completely acceptable in Islamic law. In Islam's early period, women were professionals and property owners, as many are today. Although in some countries today the right of women to initiate divorce is more difficult than intended, this is a function of patriarchal legislation and not an expression of Islamic values. Muhammad himself frequently counseled Muslim men to treat their wives and daughters well. "You have rights over your women," he is reported to have said, "and your women have rights over you". Beginning from the time of Muhammad's marriage to his first wife Khadijah, women played an important role in his religious career. According to Muslim sources, Khadijah was the first person Muhammad spoke to about his initial, terrifying experience of revelation. She consoled him and became the first convert to Islam. She remained a confidant and source of support throughout their entire marriage. Though men commonly took more than one wife in 7th Century Arabia, Muhammad remained in a monogamous marriage with Khadijah until her death, when Muhammad was in his fifties. By then, Muhammad was working to establish a new community. In that context, over the next 10 years, he married several women. In some cases, these marriages occurred in order to cement political ties, according to the custom of the day. In some cases, the marriage provided physical and economic shelter to the widows of Muslims who had died or who had been killed in battle, and to the wife of a fallen foe . Following the Battle of Uhud (625), in which scores of male combatants died leaving unprotected widows and children, Muhammad and the Qur'an decreed that, in order to protect the orphans of such families, men might take up to four wives. The permission itself is surrounded with language that discourages the very thing it permits, saying that unless a man can treat several wives equally, he should never enter into multiple marriages. The usual supposition in the modern monogamous West-that Islam institutionally encourages lustful arrangements-is rejected by Muslims themselves as an ill-informed stereotype. At the same time, Muslim feminists point out that in various cultures at different economic strata the laws of polygamy have frequently operated to the clear detriment of women. Polygamy is an uncommon occurrence in the modern Muslim world. Today, Islamic legal and social systems around the world approach and fall short of women's rights by varying degrees. Muslims themselves generally view Islam as progressive in these matters. Many Muslim feminists hold the view that the problems presently hindering Muslim women are those that hinder women of all backgrounds worldwide- oppressive cultural practices, poverty, illiteracy, political repression and patriarchy. There is a strong, healthy critique of gender oppression among Muslim feminist authors and activists worldwide. It would be anachronistic to claim that Muhammad was a feminist in our modern sense. Yet the same present-day barriers to women's equality prevailed in 7th century Arabia, and he opposed them. Because in his own lifetime Muhammad improved women's position in society, many modern Muslims continue to value his example, which they cite when pressing for women's rights. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.pbs.org/muhammad/ ma_women.shtml&ved=2ahUKEwj2g5KPlanvAhWIy4UKHc46ACcQFjAAegQIARAC&us g=AOvVaw2JzgMd_QT7Q262GRXlGdvo At the time of marriage, Muhammad was 28 years of age, and his wife 40,though still beautiful, but notwithstanding this great disparity of years, he seems to have lived in the most affectionate manner with his benefactress, never having availed himself of his country's law, which allowed him to have other wives, at discretion .... notwithstanding than at so advanced an age she must have lost every youthful charm, yet Muhammad had remained faithful to her to the last, and refrained, as already said, from taking other wives .... it may then be asked is it likely that a very sensual man of a country where polygamy was a common practice should be contented for 25 years with only wife, she being 15 years older than himself, and is it not far more probable that Muhammad took the many wives he did during the last 13 years of his life chiefly from a desire of having male issue....? https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://themuslimtimesdotinfodot com.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/an_apology_for_mohammed_and_the_koran.pdf&ved=2a hUKEwiSyumqmKnvAhWH3oUKHRINCsgQFjAAegQIAhAC&usg=AOvVaw24zVp4GW HOBwCHIEfMVqKr The question is: does Islamic law really uphold child marriage ? What the Qur'an says; A perusal of the Quran will reveal that marriage in Islam is a civil contract, meesaaq (4:21), and as such it can be finalized only between persons who are intellectually and physically mature enough to understand and fulfill the responsibilities of such a contract. This can be further understood from the verse; “And test the orphans until they reach the age of nikah (marriage), and if you find in them rushdh (maturity of intellect) release their property to them.”(4:6). It may be noted here that the Quran makes intellectual maturity (which always falls beyond the age of puberty) the basis to arrive at the age of marriage. This is also in conformity with the Quranic description of marriage as emotional bonding between two mutually compatible persons through which they seek “to dwell in tranquility” (see 7:189 and 30:21) in the companionship of each other which is not possible if either of the spouses is mentally undeveloped. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/hazrat-aisha-was-19-not-9/story- G4kaBHqM0VXoBhLR0eI2oO.html