1 ppp Banarsidas Chandiwala Institute of Information Technology Affiliated to Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATION Object Oriented Software Engineering Lab (MCA - 164) Submitted by: Submitted to: Name : Prabhas Bhar dwaj Ms. Pallavi Bhatt Roll no: 0 21 1110442 4 Asst.Professor MCA II Sem Batch:2024 - 26 PA GE 10 S.No. Contents Sign 1 College Management System 2 Library Management System 3 ATM Management System 4 Ecommerce Website 5 Recruitment System 6 Food Delivery App 7 Patient Appointment System 8 Hostel Management System 9 Railway Reservation System PA GE 10 College Management System ● Use Case Diagram Explanation: This use case diagram depicts a college management system with three actors: students, faculty, and administrators. Students can enroll in courses, view their grades and profile information. Faculty can enter grades, manage student records, and view course information. Administrators have the most extensive control, managing users (students and faculty), courses, programs, and generating reports on the system's data. PA GE 10 Actors Student: Enrolls in courses, views their grades and profile, and potentially makes payments (depending on the system's functionality). Faculty: Enters grades, manages student records (potentially attendance), and views course information. Administrator: Manages users (students, faculty), courses, and programs. They can also generate reports. Use Cases Student Enrollment: This use case captures the actions related to a student registering for courses. It might involve browsing available courses, selecting courses, and finalizing their enrollment. View Grades : Students can view their grades for completed courses through this use case. View Profile: Students can access and update their personal information through this use case. Manage Student Records : Faculty can manage student records, likely including entering grades and potentially attendance. Enter Grades: Faculty use this case to enter grades for students in their courses. View Course Information: Faculty can view information about the courses they are assigned to. Manage Users: Administrators can create, update, and delete user accounts (students and faculty) through this use case. Manage Courses: Administrators can add, remove, and update courses offered by the college. Manage Programs: This use case covers functionalities related to managing academic,. An administrator might add, remove, or update programs. Generate Reports: Administrators can generate reports containing various data, likely on student enrollment, grades, or program performance. General Observations This use case diagram focuses on core functionalities. A more comprehensive system might include additional use cases like managing library resources, fees, or hostel accommodation (if applicable). The specific use cases and their interactions might vary depending on the specific needs of the college management system. PA GE 10 ● Class Diagram Explanation: A class diagram for a college management system typically represents the various classes or entities within the system and their relationships. 1. Student Class: This class represents students enrolled in the college. It may contain attributes like student ID, name, date of birth, address, etc. 2. Professor Class: This class represents professors or teachers working in the college. It may have attributes such as professor ID, name, expertise, contact information, etc. 3. Course Class: This class represents the courses offered by the college. It may include attributes like course ID, title, description, credits, etc. 4. Department Class: This class represents different departments within the college, such as Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics, etc. It may contain attributes like department ID, name, location, etc. 5. Enrollment Class : This class represents the enrollment of students in courses. It may have attributes like enrollment ID, student ID, course ID, enrollment date, etc. This class establishes a many - to - many relationship between students and courses. PA GE 10 6. Library Class: This class represents the library system of the college. It may contain attributes like book ID, title, author, publication date, availability, etc. 7. Staff Class: This class represents non - teaching staff working in the college, such as administrative staff, janitors, etc. It may include attributes like staff ID, name, role, contact information, etc. 8. Hostel Class: This class represents the student living in the hostel. It may include attributes like Student Id, Block number, room number etc. ● Sequence Diagram PA GE 10 Explanation: A sequence diagram for a college management system illustrates the interactions between various objects or components in the system over a specific scenario or use case. 1. Actor: The actor in this scenario is the student. 2. Objects/Components: - Student Object - Course Object - Enrollment Object (for handling the enrollment process) - Database (to store student and course information) 3. Steps: a. The student requests to enroll in a course. b. The system checks the course availability and other prerequisites. c. The system retrieves the available courses from the database and displays them to the student. d. The student selects a course to enroll in. e. The system checks if the student meets the eligibility criteria for the selected course. f. If the criteria are met, the system creates an enrollment record for the student in the selected course and updates the database. g. The system confirms the enrollment and notifies the student. 4. Sequence Diagram Elements: Lifelines: Represent the objects or components involved in the sequence of interactions. In this case, lifelines would include the Student Object, Course Object, Enrollment Object, and Database. Messages: Represent the interactions between lifelines. Messages may include method calls, responses, or signals exchanged between objects. For example: - Student sends a request to enroll in a course. - Course Object retrieves course information from the Database. - Enrollment Object creates an enrollment record. PA GE 10 - Database updates the enrollment information. - Confirmation message sent to the Student. Activation Bars: Represent the duration of time during which an object is performing an action or processing a message. 5. Diagram Structure: - The sequence diagram typically starts with the actor (student) initiating the action. - Lifelines are depicted vertically, and messages are represented by arrows connecting the lifelines. - The sequence of messages illustrates the flow of control and data between objects. - Activation bars show the duration of time during which an object is active in processing a message. 6. Optional Elements: Conditions: If there are conditions or decision points in the process, they can be indicated with guard conditions on the messages. Loops or Iterations: If the process involves iterations or loops, they can be represented using combined fragments like loops or alternatives. PA GE 10 Library Management System ● Use Case Diagram Explanation: A use case diagram for a library management system illustrates the various interactions between users (actors) and the system itself. Here's a breakdown of typical components you might find in such a diagram: PA GE 10 1. Actors: Librarian: The librarian is a primary actor who interacts extensively with the system. They manage books, users, and various library operations. Member: A member is a user of the library system who can borrow, return, and reserve books. Guest: A guest might be someone who wants to browse the library's collection without being a registered member. 2. Use Cases: Login: Actors should be able to log in to the system with appropriate credentials. Search Catalog: Members and guests should be able to search for books available in the library. Borrow Book : Members should be able to borrow books from the library. Return Book: Members should be able to return books they have borrowed. Renew Book: Members should be able to renew the borrowed books if the renewal limit is not exceeded. Manage Books: Librarians should be able to add, edit, or delete books from the library's collection. Manage Members: Librarians should be able to add, edit, or delete member accounts. Generate Reports: Librarians should be able to generate reports such as overdue books, popular books, etc. 3. Relationships: Association : Actors are associated with use cases based on their interactions. For example, both Librarian and Member are associated with the Manage Books and Manage Members use cases. Extend: There might be optional functionalities that extend basic use cases. For instance, the Return Book use case might be extended by a Fine Payment use case if the book is returned late. PA GE 10 Include: Certain use cases might include others. For example, the Borrow Book use case includes the Check Availability use case to ensure the book is available for borrowing. 4. System Boundary: The use case diagram typically outlines the boundary of the system, which defines what is inside (the system itself) and what is outside (the actors interacting with the system). ● Class Diagram Explanation: In a class diagram for a library management system, you'd typically represent the various classes in the system along with their attributes and relationships. PA GE 10 1. Classes: Book : Represents a book in the library. Attributes may include `title`, `author`, `ISBN`, `publisher`, `publication_year`, `genre`, etc. Member: Represents a member or user of the library. Attributes may include `name`, `address`, `email`, `phone_number`, `member_id`, etc. Librarian: Represents a librarian who manages the library. Attributes may include `name`, `employee_id`, `email`, `phone_number`, etc. Transaction: Represents a transaction such as borrowing or returning a book. Attributes may include `transaction_id`, `transaction_type`, ` transaction_date`, etc. 2. Relationships: Association: There are several associations between classes: - A Book can be borrowed by one or more Members. This is typically a one - to - many relationship, indicating that one book can be borrowed by multiple members, but each member can borrow multiple books. - A Member can perform multiple transactions (borrowing and returning books), indicating a one - to - many relationship between Member and Transaction. - A Librarian manages various operations related to books and members, so there's likely an association between Librarian and Book/Member classes. Aggregation/Composition: Depending on the design, you might represent an aggregation or composition relationship between classes. For example, a Library class might aggregate multiple Book objects. Inheritance: If there are different types of users (e.g., Student, Faculty), you might represent them as subclasses of the Member class, inheriting common attributes and behaviors. 3. Attributes and Methods: - Each class would have attributes representing its properties (like the ones mentioned above for Book, Member, and Librarian). PA GE 10 - Methods would represent the behaviors or operations that can be performed on the objects of those classes. For example, a Book class might have methods like `checkAvailability()`, `calculateLateFee()`, etc. 4. Visibility: - You would specify the visibility of attributes and methods using symbols like `+` (public), ` - ` (private), `#` (protected), etc. ● Sequence Diagram PA GE 10 Explanation: A sequence diagram for a library management system illustrates how objects interact in a particular scenario or use case, showing the sequence of messages exchanged between objects over time. Here's how you might construct a sequence diagram for a typical scenario in a library management system: 1. Scenario: Let's consider the scenario of a member borrowing a book from the library. 2. Objects: Member: Represents the member who wants to borrow a book. Library System: Represents the library management system. Book: Represents the book being borrowed. Librarian: Represents the librarian assisting with the borrowing process. 3. Sequence of Messages: a. The Member requests to borrow a book from the Library System. b. The Library System receives the request and forwards it to the Librarian. c. The Librarian checks the availability of the requested book. d. The Librarian informs the Library System about the availability of the book. e. The Library System notifies the Member about the availability of the book. f. The Member confirms the borrowing request. g. The Library System processes the borrowing request. h. The Book is marked as borrowed in the system. i. The Library System informs the Librarian about the successful borrowing. j. The Librarian updates the records and hands over the book to the Member. 4. Return Path: - After borrowing, there might be additional interactions for returning the book, such as a Member returning the book to the Librarian, Librarian updating the records, etc. This would create a loop in the sequence diagram. PA GE 10 5. Lifelines: - Lifelines represent the lifespan of each object involved in the interaction. For example, the Member lifeline would show the time duration during which the Member is involved in the borrowing process. 6. Activation Boxes: - Activation boxes represent the period during which an object is actively processing a message. For example, the Librarian's activation box would show the duration during which the Librarian is checking the availability of the book. 7. Return Message Arrows: - These arrows indicate the flow of messages between objects. Each arrow represents a message being sent from one object to another. ● Activity Diagram PA GE 10 Explanation: An activity diagram for a library management system would depict the flow of activities or actions that occur when interacting with the system. Here's a simplified explanation of how you might construct such a diagram: 1. Start: The process begins when a user initiates an action, such as accessing the library system. 2. Login: The user logs in to the library management system, providing their credentials (username and password). 3. Browse Catalog: After logging in, the user can browse the library catalog to search for books by title, author, genre, etc. 4. Search Result : The system displays the search results based on the user's query. 5. Select Book: The user selects a book from the search results. 6. View Book Details: The system displays detailed information about the selected book, including its availability, location in the library, etc. 7. Borrow Book: If the book is available and the user wants to borrow it, they can choose the "Borrow" option. 8. Confirm Borrowing: The system prompts the user to confirm their decision to borrow the book. 9. Transaction Processing: If the user confirms, the system processes the borrowing transaction, updating the database to reflect that the book is now on loan to the user. 10. Print Receipt: Optionally, the system may generate a receipt confirming the borrowing transaction, which can be printed or emailed to the user. 11. End: The process concludes once the user has completed their intended action, such as borrowing a book. PA GE 10 ATM Management System ● Use Case Diagram Explanation: In this ATM system use case diagram, we illustrate interactions between key actors and system functionalities. The 'Customer' actor encompasses tasks like cash withdrawal, PIN generation, balance checking, and statement generation within the 'Login' process. Additionally, 'Log Out' extends to receipt printing. PA GE 10 The 'Bank' actor manages login for debit and credit card users. The 'Bank Admin' actor oversees system maintenance, including records and database management. This diagram provides a concise overview of user - system interactions and functionality. 1. Actors: Primary User: "Customer" Secondary User: "Bank" "Bank Admin" 2. Use Cases: Customer's Use Cases (connected to "Login" through "include" relationships): Withdraw Cash Generate PIN Check Balance Generate Statement Log Out (connected to "Print Receipt" with an "extend" relationship) Bank's Use Cases: Login (connected to "Bank" actor) Extends to: Invalid PIN Forget PIN Debit Card Login (connected to "Login") Credit Card Login (connected to "Login) System Maintenance (connected to "Bank Admin" actor) Includes: Records Management Database Management 3. Relationships: "Customer" actor is connected to all primary use cases and "Log Out." "Bank" actor is connected to the "Login" use case. "Login" use case includes primary use cases and "Log Out." "Log Out" extends to the "Print Receipt" use case. "Bank Admin" actor is connected to "System Maintenance." "System Maintenance" includes "Records Management" and "Database Management." PA GE 10 ● Class Diagram Explanation: The Class Diagram shows the classes and their relationships in a system with a bank, customers, accounts, ATMs, debit cards, and transactions. 1. Customer: Represents a bank customer with attributes like name and address, and potentially stores the customer's PIN. It owns accounts. 2. Bank: Represents the bank with attributes like code and address. Manages customer accounts and maintains ATMs. 3. Account: Represents a bank account with attributes like type and owner. Owned by a customer and owns transactions. PA GE 10 4. ATM: Represents an ATM machine with an optional location attribute. Managed by the bank and performs transactions for customers. 5. DebitCard: Represents a debit card with attributes like card number and owner. Provides access to the associated account. 6. WithdrawalTransaction: Represents a withdrawal transaction with attributes like amount and date. Modifies the associated account by debiting the balance. Relationships: Association: Customer owns accounts, accounts are owned by customers, debit cards are owned by customers, and accounts own transactions. Aggregation: Bank manages and maintains ATMs, indicating a stronger ownership relationship where the bank controls the ATMs as part of its operations. ● Sequence Diagram