WELCOME TO MYPAL EDUCATION JAY PRASAD SINGH CO-FOUNDER- MYPAL EDUCATION & A DIGITAL ENTREPRENEUR The Complete Computer Basic Course in Hindi Part- 1 Kiske Liye Hai Ye Course? Online Business ?? Contents 1 Introduction to Computer 2 Computer Architecture 3 Computer Hardware 4 Computer Memory 5 Data Representation 6 Computer Software 7 Operating Software 8 Programming Concepts 9 Microsoft Windows 10 Microsoft O ffi ce 11 Database Concepts 12 Data Communication & Networking 13 Internet & Its Services 14 Computer Security • Each chapter caries a Question Bank. • Full Forms & Technical Words Explanation. 1. Introduction To Computer What is Computer ? A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data according to the set of instruction. It has the ability to store, fi nd and arrange information, calculate amounts and control other machines Meaning Of Computer(1) - The word computer has derived from English word “Compute”, which means to calculate. Meaning Of Computer(1) - Computer comes from the Latin ‘putare’ which means both to think and to prune. Functioning of a Computer Computer performs 4 basic function. 1. Input - When a computer or device is receiving a command or signal from outer sources, the event is referred to as input to the device. 2. Processing -It is the sequence of action taken on data to convert it into information which is meaningful to users. It can be print out, calculations, comparisons etc. 3. Output - It makes processed data available to the user. It is mainly used to display the desired result to the user as per instructions. 4. Storage -It stores data and programs permanently. It is used to store information during the time of program execution and possible to get anytime of information from it. Features of Computer 1. Speed - The computer can process data very fast at the rate of millions of instructions per second. 2. Accuracy - Computers provide a high degree of accuracy. They respond to the user as per the input instructions. 3. Storage capacity - Computers are capable to store huge amount of data which depends on the capacity of hard disk. 4. Versatility - Computers can do di ff erent types of work simultaneously. They can perform multiple tasks at a time. 5. Automation -Once the instruction to do any task is given to the computer, the computer does its work automatically by itself. 6. Diligence - Unlike human beings, a computer is free from Boringness, tiredness, lack of concentration, etc. and can work for hours without creating any errors. 7. Secrecy - Leakage of information is reduced by creating log in system with password protection. 8. Reliability - Computers are more reliable than human beings. Computers always produce exact results. The possibility of errors occur only if the input is wrong, the computers never make of their own accord. 9. Plug and Play - Computers have the ability to automatically con fi gure a new hardware and software component. Quick Words & Definitions 1. Hardware - It is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. These are the physical part of the computer, ex- Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor etc. 2. Software - It is a set of programs and procedures. Software tells the hardware what to do and how to accomplish a task. Ex- Whatsapp, Web browsers, Word etc. 3. Data - Unprocessed raw facts and fi gures, like numbers, Alphabets, text on paper etc, are known as data. 4. Information - When data is processed, organised, structured or presented in a context so as to be useful, it is called information. 5. Instruction -It is a command given to the computer in the computer language by the user. 6. Program - It is a set of instructions given to a computer in order to perform some task. Generatons of Computer Gener ations Period Main Electronic components Main Computers I 1940-52 Electric Valve Vaccum Tube EDSAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC II 1952-64 Transistor IBM-700,IBM-1401,IBM 1620,CDC-1604,CDC-3600, ATLAS, ICL-1901 III 1964-71 Integrated Circuit IBM-360, IBM-370, NCR-395,CDC-1700, ICL-2903 IV 1971- Present Largely Integrated Circuit & Processor APPLE V Present To Beyond Advanced processor, AI, Optical fi bre, Quick Facts • Siddhratha was the fi rst computer developed in India. • Alan turing is known as the father of the modern computer. • John Von Neumann was introduced fi rst architecture of computer in the year 1948. • Transistors were invented by Bell Laboratory. • In 1958, Jack St. Clair Kilby and Robert Noyce invented the fi rst Integrated Circuit (IC). • In latest generations computers, the instructions are executed parallel as well as sequential. Classification Of Computer Mainly, Computers are classi fi ed in three categories. 1. Based on Size 2. Based on Work 3. Based on Purpose 1. Based on Size A. Microcomputer B. Minicomputer C. Mainframe Computer D. Supercomputer 2. Based on Work A. Analog Computer B. Digital Computer C. Hybrid Computer 3. Based on Purpose A. General purpose computer B. Special Purpose Computer 1. Based on Size A. Microcomputer - These types of computers are least powerful, yet most widely used and are also called portable computers.Micro computer consist of three basic categories of physical equipment, i.e. system unit, input/output unit and memory unit. a. Desktop computer or personal computer(PC)- These are small, relatively economical computers. These are based on the micro processor technology(IC). Types of micro computer: b. Laptop - These computers are also known as ultra book or notebook. These are portable and lightweighted. They include rechargeable battery, so these can work anywhere. c. Handheld or Palmtop - These are the smallest and are designed to fi t into the palm. So these are also known as palmtop. They are practical for certain functions such as phonebooks and calendars. They use the pen for input instead of keyword. Ex- PDA(Personal digital assistant)