a companion to P h i l o s o P h y i n Aust ral ia & Ne w Zeal and Edited by Graham oppy & N. N. Trakakis s E Co N D ED i T i o N a c om pan ion to P h i l o s o P h y i n Au st ral ia & N e w Z e al an d S e c on d E di t ion a companion to P h i l o s o P h y i n Aust ral ia & Ne w Z e al an d S e c on d E di t ion EditEd by Graham Opp y, N. N. Trakakis, Lynda burnS, StEvEn GardnEr & Fiona LEiGh A Companion to Philosophy in Australia and New Zealand First Edition published 2010 Second Edition published 2014 © Copyright 2014 Copyright of the indivudual chapters is held by the indidual authors. Copyright of the collection is held by the editors. All rights reserved. Apart from any uses permitted by Australia’s Copyright Act 1968, no part of this book may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the copyright owners. Inquiries should be directed to the publisher. Monash University Publishing Matheson Library Building 4, Monash University Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia www.publishing.monash.edu Monash University Publishing brings to the world publications which advance the best traditions of humane and enlightened thought. Monash University Publishing titles pass through a rigorous process of independent peer review. www.publishing.monash.edu/books/cpanz2-9781921867712.html ISBN: 978-1-921867-71-2 (pb) ISBN: 978-1-925495-26-3 (ePDF) Design Les Thomas Cover Artwork Clive Sinclair, Evening Storm on the Eyre Peninsula, oil on canvas, 122 x 92cm, 2008. © 2008 Clive Sinclair Professor John bishop University of Auckland Emeritus Professor Max Charlesworth Deakin University Professor Maxwell J. Creswell Victoria University of Wellington Emeritus Professor Max deutscher Macquarie University Professor Moira Gatens University of Sydney Professor Frank Jackson Princeton University, Australian National University, and La Trobe University Professor Michael Levine University of Western Australia Professor Cynthia Macdonald University of Canterbury Professor Catriona Mackenzie Macquarie University Professor Chris Mortensen University of Adelaide Professor Philip Pettit Princeton University Professor huw Price University of Cambridge Professor Michael Smith Princeton University e di t or i A l b oA r d This revised edition is dedicated to the memory of J. J. C. (Jack) Smart (1920–2012) C oN t e N t s Acknowledgements viii List of Entries ix Contributors & Affiliations xiv Foreword to the Revised Edition xix Preface xx Alphabetical Entries 1 Bibliography 611 Index 683 AC k Now l e d ge m e N t s The article on the Sophia journal re-uses material previously published in Max Charlesworth’s ‘Editorial’, published in Sophia , vol. 46 , 2007 , pp. 109 – 10 . We are grateful to the publishers of Sophia, Springer Publishing, for granting us permission to re-use this material. The two articles contributed by the late barry taylor—‘Lewis, david in austral- asia’ and ‘Philosophy of Language’—are published here with the kind permission of his literary executors. l i s t of e N t r i e s adelaide, university of ........................................................................................ 1 aesthetics (analytic) ........................................................................................... 7 aesthetics (Continental) ................................................................................... 10 analytic Feminism ............................................................................................ 15 ancient Philosophy ........................................................................................... 17 anderson, John, and andersonianism ............................................................... 20 Apeiron Journal .................................................................................................. 24 applied Ethics .................................................................................................. 25 armstrong, d. M. ............................................................................................. 30 asian Philosophy............................................................................................... 32 auckland, university of .................................................................................... 36 australasian analytic Philosophy (1950s) ......................................................... 40 australasian analytic Philosophy (1960s onwards) ......................................... 43 australasian association for Logic ................................................................... 48 australasian association for the history, Philosophy and Social Studies of Science ............................................................................................... 50 australasian association of Philosophy ............................................................ 52 australasian association of Philosophy, new Zealand ..................................... 55 Australasian Journal of Philosophy ....................................................................... 60 australasian Society for ancient Philosophy .................................................... 64 australasian Society for Continental Philosophy .............................................. 65 australian aboriginal Philosophy ..................................................................... 67 australian association for Professional and applied Ethics ............................. 69 australian Catholic university .......................................................................... 70 australian national university, Faculties Philosophy Program ......................... 71 australian national university, history of ideas unit ...................................... 74 australian national university, research School of Social Sciences ................. 75 australian Philosophers in Ghana (1949–61) ................................................... 79 australian Society of Legal Philosophy ............................................................. 82 x A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d List of Entries australian Society of Legal Philosophy—addendum ...................................... 84 automated reasoning Project .......................................................................... 84 baier, annette C. .............................................................................................. 88 ballarat, university of ........................................................................................ 91 bioethics ........................................................................................................... 92 body, The .......................................................................................................... 97 bond university .............................................................................................. 101 Canberra Plan ................................................................................................. 103 Canterbury, university of ................................................................................ 106 Causation ........................................................................................................ 107 Centre for applied Philosophy and Public Ethics .......................................... 110 Charles Sturt university .................................................................................. 112 Classical Logic ................................................................................................ 113 Clinical Ethics ................................................................................................ 117 Cognitive Science ........................................................................................... 122 Conditionals ................................................................................................... 125 Consciousness ................................................................................................. 128 Consciousness, Metaphysics of ....................................................................... 133 Consequentialism ............................................................................................ 140 Cresswell, Maxwell J. ...................................................................................... 143 Critical Philosophy Journal ................................................................................ 147 Critical Thinking ............................................................................................. 149 deakin university ........................................................................................... 155 deontology ..................................................................................................... 156 dualism ........................................................................................................... 158 Environmental Philosophy ............................................................................. 162 Ethics Centre of South australia .................................................................... 171 Evil, The Problem of ....................................................................................... 173 Existentialism ................................................................................................. 177 Existentialist discussion Group and the Existentialist Society ....................... 182 Exploring Meinong’s Jungle and Beyond ............................................................ 184 Feminist bioethics .......................................................................................... 187 Feminist Philosophy ....................................................................................... 191 Flinders university ......................................................................................... 195 Flinders university Centre for applied Philosophy ........................................ 197 French Philosophy .......................................................................................... 198 Functionalism ................................................................................................. 203 Gavin david young Lectures .......................................................................... 210 German Philosophy ........................................................................................ 211 Grosz, Elizabeth ............................................................................................. 214 hart, Kevin ..................................................................................................... 219 history and Philosophy of Science ................................................................. 221 xi A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d List of Entries hursthouse, rosalind ...................................................................................... 223 idealism .......................................................................................................... 226 identity Theory of Mind ................................................................................. 228 induction, The Problem of .............................................................................. 233 Jack Smart Lecture ......................................................................................... 242 Jackson, Frank Cameron ................................................................................. 243 James Martineau Memorial Lecture ............................................................... 246 La trobe university ........................................................................................ 248 Laws of nature ............................................................................................... 252 Lewis, david, in australasia ........................................................................... 255 Lincoln university ........................................................................................... 257 Lloyd, Genevieve ............................................................................................ 257 Mackie, J. L. .................................................................................................... 260 Macquarie university ...................................................................................... 263 Maori Philosophy ........................................................................................... 265 Martin, C. b. ................................................................................................... 270 Marxist Philosophy ......................................................................................... 274 Massey university ........................................................................................... 279 Materialism, australian ................................................................................... 280 Medical Ethics ................................................................................................ 282 Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy ............................................... 284 Melbourne, university of ................................................................................ 286 Melbourne, university of, department of history and Philosophy of Science ............................................................................................. 296 Metaphysics .................................................................................................... 301 Metascience Journal .......................................................................................... 304 Modal Logic ................................................................................................... 305 Monash Bioethics Review ................................................................................. 309 Monash university .......................................................................................... 311 Monash university Centre for human bioethics ........................................... 316 Moral Psychology ........................................................................................... 319 Murdoch university ........................................................................................ 322 naturalism ...................................................................................................... 324 newcastle, university of .................................................................................. 327 new England, university of ............................................................................ 330 new South Wales, university of ..................................................................... 332 new South Wales, university of, School of history and Philosophy of Science ............................................................................................. 335 new Zealand association of rationalists and humanists .............................. 337 new Zealand Society for Legal and Social Philosophy ................................... 339 non-Classical Logic ....................................................................................... 340 normative Ethics ............................................................................................ 344 xii A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d List of Entries notre dame (australia), university of ............................................................ 346 okin, Susan Moller ......................................................................................... 348 orr Case ......................................................................................................... 351 otago, university of ........................................................................................ 354 The oxbridge Connection .............................................................................. 356 Passmore, John ................................................................................................ 360 Pateman, Carole .............................................................................................. 363 Perception ....................................................................................................... 365 Pettit, Philip .................................................................................................... 368 Phenomenology .............................................................................................. 372 Philosophical Methodologies ......................................................................... 379 Philosophical Psychology ................................................................................ 383 Philosophy, drama and Literature .................................................................. 385 ‘Philosophy for Children’ (australia) ............................................................... 387 ‘Philosophy for Children’ (new Zealand) ....................................................... 388 Philosophy in Primary Education ................................................................... 389 Philosophy in Professional Education ............................................................. 390 Philosophy in Public Spaces ........................................................................... 392 Philosophy in Secondary Education ............................................................... 396 Philosophy of biology ..................................................................................... 398 Philosophy of Education (australia) ............................................................... 400 Philosophy of Education (new Zealand) ....................................................... 402 Philosophy of history ..................................................................................... 405 Philosophy of Language ................................................................................. 409 Philosophy of Law .......................................................................................... 413 Philosophy of Mathematics ............................................................................ 418 Philosophy of Mind (analytic) ....................................................................... 428 Philosophy of Mind (Continental) ................................................................. 434 Philosophy of Politics ..................................................................................... 440 Philosophy of religion ................................................................................... 444 Philosophy of Science ..................................................................................... 450 Philosophy of Sport ........................................................................................ 455 Philosophy of Statistics ................................................................................... 458 Place, u. t. ...................................................................................................... 461 Plunkett Centre for Ethics ............................................................................. 464 Postmodernism ............................................................................................... 466 Poststructuralism ............................................................................................ 470 Price, huw ...................................................................................................... 474 Priest, Graham ................................................................................................ 477 Princeton university and australasian Philosophy, Links between ................ 480 Prior, a. n. ...................................................................................................... 482 Probability ...................................................................................................... 485 xiii A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d List of Entries Psychoanalysis and Philosophy ....................................................................... 488 Queensland, university of .............................................................................. 492 rationalist Society of australia ...................................................................... 496 realism ........................................................................................................... 498 relevant Logic ................................................................................................ 502 Res Publica Journal .......................................................................................... 506 rights ............................................................................................................. 507 St James Ethics Centre ................................................................................... 511 Singer, Peter .................................................................................................... 512 Smart, J. J. C. (‘Jack’) ....................................................................................... 516 Smith, Michael ............................................................................................... 519 Social Philosophy ........................................................................................... 523 Socratic dialogue ........................................................................................... 528 Sophia Journal ................................................................................................. 529 South australia, university of ......................................................................... 531 Space and Spacetime ...................................................................................... 532 Sterelny, Kim .................................................................................................. 535 Swinburne university of technology .............................................................. 537 Sydney Push .................................................................................................... 539 Sydney Society of Literature and aesthetics ................................................... 543 Sydney, university of, department of General Philosophy ............................. 544 Sydney, university of, department of Philosophy (origins – 1974) ............... 547 Sydney, university of, department of Philosophy (reunification – 2009) ...... 549 Sydney, university of, department of traditional and Modern Philosophy .... 551 Sydney, university of, history and Philosophy of Science unit ....................... 554 Sylvan (né routley), richard .......................................................................... 556 tasmania, university of .................................................................................. 560 Theological institutions (australia), Philosophy in ......................................... 563 Theological institutions (new Zealand), Philosophy in ................................. 565 Theories of Knowledge ................................................................................... 567 Thesis Eleven Journal ....................................................................................... 569 tichý, Pavel ..................................................................................................... 570 time ... ............................................................................................................ 573 two-dimensional Logic and Semantics ........................................................ 577 universals ....................................................................................................... 584 victoria university of Wellington .................................................................. 589 virtue Ethics .................................................................................................. 592 Waikato, university of .................................................................................... 594 Western australia, university of ..................................................................... 597 Wittgenstein in the antipodes ....................................................................... 600 Wollongong, university of .............................................................................. 607 Women in Philosophy .................................................................................... 608 albury, W. r. University of New England armstrong, david University of Sydney baltzly, dirk Monash University barker, Stephen University of Nottingham barwell, ismay Victoria University of Wellington beilharz, Peter La Trobe University benitez, Eugenio University of Sydney bilimoria, Purushottama Deakin University; University of Melbourne; University of California, Berkeley blackshield, tony Macquarie University bowden, Peta Murdoch University brady, ross La Trobe University brennan, andrew La Trobe University brown, robert Independent Scholar browne, derek University of Canterbury burke, Michael Victoria University burns, Lynda La Trobe University; Monash University butchart, Sam Monash University Cam, Philip University of New South Wales Campbell, Keith University of Sydney Campbell, richard Australian National University Candlish, Stewart University of Western Australia Catton, Philip University of Canterbury Chadha, Monima Monash University Chalmers, alan Flinders University Charlesworth, Max Deakin University Cheyne, Colin University of Otago C oN t r i b u t or s & A f f i l i At ioN s xv A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d Contributors & Affiliations Clark, John Massey University Coady, C. a. J. University of Melbourne Cohen, daniel Charles Sturt University Cohen, Stephen University of New South Wales Colebrook, Claire Pennsylvania State University Colman, John University of Tasmania Cooke, bill Independent Scholar Coombs, anne Independent Scholar Cox, damian Bond University Crehan, anna Corbo Charles Sturt University Cresswell, Max Victoria University of Wellington Crittenden, Paul University of Sydney Curry, Steven University of Melbourne Cusack, Carole M. University of Sydney d’agostino, Fred University of Queensland damnjanovic, nic University of Western Australia davies, Martin University of Melbourne deutscher, Max Macquarie University diprose, rosalyn University of New South Wales dockrill, david University of Newcastle dodds, Susan University of Tasmania durie, Mason Massey University Ellis, brian La Trobe University; University of Melbourne Evans, Jim University of Auckland Forge, John University of Sydney Forrest, Peter University of New England Fox, John La Trobe University Franklin, James University of New South Wales Franklin, r. L. University of New England Garfield, Jay Central University of Tibetan Studies, Sarnath Gatens, Moira University of Sydney Gerrans, Philip University of Adelaide Gillam, Lynn Children’s Bioethics Centre, Royal Children’s Hospital Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, University of Melbourne Goddard, Eliza Australasian Association of Philosophy Godfrey-Smith, Peter Harvard University Gold, ian McGill University Goldsworthy, Jeffrey Monash University Goodin, robert E. Australian National University Grant, Jane Independent Scholar xvi A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d Contributors & Affiliations Green, Karen Monash University Grigg, russell Deakin University hájek, alan Australian National University hall, Georgina Children’s Bioethics Centre, Royal Children’s Hospital Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, University of Melbourne handfield, toby Monash University harney, Maurita University of Melbourne hasle, Per Royal School of Library and Information Science, Denmark hazen, a. P. University of Melbourne heil, John Monash University; Washington University in St Louis helgeby, Stein Department of Finance and Deregulation, Canberra hemphill, dennis Victoria University hetherington, Stephen University of New South Wales home, r. W. University of Melbourne hooker, Cliff University of Newcastle hunt, ian Flinders University hyde, dominic University of Queensland irving, Michelle Independent Scholar ivison, duncan University of Sydney Jackson, Frank Princeton University; Australian National University; La Trobe University Keller, Philipp Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Keller, Simon Victoria University of Wellington Khlentzos, drew University of New England Kingsbury, Justine University of Waikato Knight, Sue University of South Australia Koksvik, ole Australian National University Kovach, vanya University of Auckland La Caze, Marguerite University of Queensland Lai, Karyn University of New South Wales Laing, Jacqueline London Metropolitan University Langtry, bruce University of Melbourne Laverty, Megan Columbia University Legg, Cathy University of Waikato Lloyd, Christopher University of New England Lo, y. S. La Trobe University Longstaff, Simon St James Ethics Centre Lowry, Christopher Chinese University of Hong Kong xvii A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d Contributors & Affiliations Lumsden, david University of Waikato Lycan, William G. University of North Carolina Macarthur, david University of Sydney Malinas, Gary University of Queensland Malpas, Jeff University of Tasmania; La Trobe University Mares, Edwin Victoria University of Wellington Marshall, Graeme University of Melbourne Martin, Errol Australian National University Mathews, Freya La Trobe University Matthews, Philip University of Notre Dame, Australia Matthews, Steve Charles Sturt University Maund, barry University of Western Australia McKinnon, neil Monash University Menzies, Peter Macquarie University Miller, david Independent Scholar Mortensen, Chris University of Adelaide Mummery, Jane University of Ballarat nagasawa, yujin University of Birmingham neil, david University of Wollongong nerlich, Graham University of Adelaide nicolacopoulos, toula La Trobe University nola, robert University of Auckland nolan, daniel University of Nottingham o’dea, John University of Tokyo o’hair, Greg Flinders University oakley, Justin Monash University oddie, Graham University of Colorado oderberg, david S. University of Reading opie, Jon University of Adelaide oppy, Graham Monash University owens, John S. M. Good Shepherd College, New Zealand ozolins, John Australian Catholic University Perrett, roy University of Hawaii at Manoa Pigden, Charles University of Otago Poole, ross The New School for Social Research Poulton, Janette Federation of Australasian Philosophy in Schools Associations Priest, Graham University of Melbourne; City University of New York rathbone, david University of Melbourne redding, Paul University of Sydney xviii A C ffi fi ffi ffi P ffi ffi fi A & N e w Z e a l a n d Contributors & Affiliations restall, Greg University of Melbourne reynolds, Jack La Trobe University robinson, ian Rationalist Society of Australia rodrigues, Maria University of Melbourne rogers, Wendy Macquarie University ross, alison Monash University rothfield, Philipa La Trobe University russell, daniel Wichita State University Schroeter, Laura University of Melbourne Schuklenk, udo Queen’s University Sharpe, Matthew Deakin University Simpson, david University of Wollongong Sinnerbrink, robert Macquarie University Slaney, John Australian National University; National ICT Australia Slezak, Peter University of New South Wales Slote, Michael University of Miami Smart, J. J. C. Monash University Smith, Michael Princeton University Splitter, Laurance J. Hong Kong Institute of Education Staines, Phillip University of New South Wales Star, daniel Boston University Stoljar, daniel Australian National University Stoljar, natalie McGill University tarrant, harold University of Newcastle tavinor, Grant Lincoln University taylor, barry University of Melbourne Thom, Paul University of Sydney Thomason, neil University of Melbourne Thompson, Janna La Trobe University tobin, bernadette Australian Catholic University toiviainen, Leila University of Tasmania; University of Helsinki townsend, aubrey Monash University trakakis, n. n. Australian Catholic University van hooft, Stan Deakin University Weatherson, brian Rutgers University; Arché, University of St Andrews Weckert, John Charles Sturt University Weslake, brad University of Rochester young, robert La Trobe University f or e wor d t o t h e r e v i s e d e di t ioN Soon after the original edition of A Companion to Philosophy in Australia and New Zealand was published in 2010 we noticed, or were made aware of, some significant omissions and errors. We therefore almost immediately embarked upon the present revised edition with the aim of correcting any errors and including some articles that did not make it into the first edition. in particular, the following articles have now been added: ‘australian aboriginal Philosophy’; ‘history and Philosophy of Science’; and ‘The oxbridge Connection’. also, an ‘addendum’ has been added to the article ‘australian Society of Legal Philosophy’. The generally favourable reception of the first edition gives us hope that the Companion will continue to serve as a useful and insightful guide for students and observers of philosophy in australasia. Graham Oppy and N. N. Trakakis June 2013