ENGLISH AfD SET (Medium Literacy) Here are the updated AfDs with generic exam - technique elements removed or rewritten. ✍️ Writing 1. Develop your written answers by adding more detail and explanation. 2. Organise your paragraphs so each one has a clear main point. 3. Re - read your writing to make sure your ideas are clear. 4. Check spelling, punctuation and grammar to improve accuracy. 5. Plan your extended answers so your ideas are in a sensible order. 6. Practise using a more formal tone in exam responses. 📖 Reading & Literature 7. Read the text carefully to understand the main ideas before answering. (This is subject - specific reading, not general exam technique.) 8. Practise choosing short, relevant quotations to support your points. 9. Explain how your chosen quotation supports your answer. 10. Make inferences by thinking about what a character’s actions or words suggest. 11. Focus on analysing key words in quotations rather than retelling the plot. 12. Link your ideas to the context in which the text was written. 💬 Speaking & Listening 13. Build confidence by contributing at least once in class discussions. 14. Practise speaking in full sentences to express ideas clearly. 15. Prepare short notes before speaking tasks to organise your thoughts. 16. Listen carefully to others so you can respond or build on ideas. 📝 New English - Specific Exam Skills (not generic) 17. Identify the assessment focus (language, structure or context) before writing your answer. 18. Practise writing longer analytical paragraphs using PEA/PEE structure. 19. Compare how writers present ideas or themes across different texts. 20. Develop your ability to comment on the writer’s choices and their effects. MATHS AfD SET (Medium Literacy) Maths had fewer generic overlaps, but one or two items needed sharpening. 🔢 Number, Methods, Accuracy 1. Practise checking each step of your working to reduce small mistakes. 2. Work on choosing the correct method for each question. 3. Show each stage of your working clearly. 4. Review feedback and try similar questions to fix repeated mistakes. 5. Practise key number skills such as fractions, decimals and percentages. 📊 Reasoning & Problem Solving 6. Break problems into smaller steps so they feel more manageable. 7. Explain your reasoning in simple sentences. 8. Identify the important information in worded problems. 📐 Topic Knowledge 9. Review challenging topics to strengthen your understanding. 10. Use mathematical vocabulary such as “estimate”, “expand”, or “factor” correctly. 11. Practise reading information from graphs or tables accurately. 12. Write down the required formula before attempting the calculation. 🎯 New Maths - Specific Exam Skills 13. Practise interpreting multi - step problems where more than one method is needed. 14. Check whether your answer is sensible by estimating first. 15. Try solving problems in different ways to deepen your understanding. SCIENCE AfD SET (Medium Literacy) Science had several items bordering on generic exam technique. These have been rewritten to be genuinely scientific. 🔬 Concepts & Vocabulary 1. Use scientific terms accurately in your answers. 2. Review key scientific concepts to strengthen your understanding. 3. Apply your knowledge to new scientific situations. 4. Clarify any ideas you find confusing to correct misconceptions. 🧫 Working Scientifically 5. Practise writing clear method steps for investigations. 6. Identify independent, dependent and control variables correctly. 7. Interpret data from tables and graphs more confidently. 8. Write conclusions that link results back to the scientific question. ⚗️ Practical Skills 9. Build confidence by learning the names and uses of scientific equipment. 10. Take more accurate measurements during practical work. 🎯 New Science - Specific Exam Skills 11. Practise writing extended answers that explain scientific processes clearly. 12. Use scientific evidence (data or observations) to support your ideas. 13. Identify which scientific principle or law a question is referring to. 14. Analyse patterns or trends in data and comment on what they show. 15. Check whether your scientific explanation matches the command word (e.g., “explain”, “compare”, “evaluate”). MFL AfD SET (Medium Literacy) MFL exam - technique is different from other subjects, so we keep skill - based AfDs but remove generic ones. 📚 Vocabulary & Retrieval 1. Review key vocabulary regularly. 2. Learn topic vocabulary for current units. 3. Use new vocabulary in sentences. ✍️ Writing & Grammar 4. Build longer sentences using connectives. 5. Practise verb endings and agreements. 6. Use phrases you already know instead of literal translation. 7. Add time phrases, opinions and reasons to develop writing. 💬 Speaking & Listening 8. Practise speaking short sentences aloud. 9. Improve pronunciation by copying model examples. 10. Use full sentences in speaking tasks. 📖 Reading & Listening Skills 11. Identify key words in listening tasks. 12. Look for familiar vocabulary in reading tasks before translating. 🎯 New MFL - Specific Exam Skills 13. Practise switching between tenses when writing or speaking. 14. Prepare short sentence starters to support speaking tasks. 15. Use online tools to practise grammar and vocabulary independently. Business Studies AfD Library — Medium Literacy (Subject - Specific, 15 Examples) 📚 Business Knowledge & Key Concepts 1. Key Terms Practise learning and using business terminology accurately in your answers. 2. Understanding Concepts Review key concepts such as revenue, profit, market research, and customer needs to strengthen your understanding. 3. Real - World Examples Work on linking your answers to simple real - world business examples to show better application of knowledge. 4. Cause and Effect Practise explaining why a business decision might lead to certain outcomes, not just describing the decision. 📊 Application & Analysis 5. Applying Concepts Try applying business ideas to the context given in the question to show deeper understanding. 6. Analysis Skills Develop your analysis by explaining the advantages and disadvantages of business choices. 7. Using Data Practise interpreting simple data from charts, tables, or case studies to support your points. 8. Linking Points Work on linking your ideas in a logical order so your answers flow more clearly. 📝 Extended Writing Skills in Business 9. Structured Answers Practise using a clear structure such as point → explanation → example when writing longer answers. 10. Justification Improve your ability to justify a recommendation by explaining why it is a good option for the business. 11. Comparisons Develop your ability to compare different business strategies and explain which might be more effective. 📈 Business Decision - Making Skills 12. Consequences When writing about business decisions, try to include at least one short consequence to show deeper thinking. 13. Stakeholders Practise explaining how different stakeholders (e.g., employees, customers) might be affected by a decision. 14. Business Calculations Strengthen your confidence with simple business calculations by practising them regularly. 🧭 Case Study Skills (Business GCSE/BTEC) 15. Case Study Application Work on using information from case studies to shape your answers rather than writing general statements. 🎥 Media Studies AfD Library — Medium Literacy (Subject - Specific, 15 Examples) 🎞️ Media Language & Analysis Skills 1. Denotation → Connotation Practise moving beyond simple description (denotation) by explaining what the image or feature suggests (connotation). 2. Key Features Focus on identifying key media language features such as camera angles, colour, layout or sound. 3. Effect on Audience Develop your analysis by explaining how choices made by the producer affect the audience. 4. Linking Points Work on linking your ideas so your explanation flows in a clear order. 🧍 Representation 5. Describing Representation Practise describing how people, places or events are represented in different texts. 6. Stereotypes Try to explain whether a representation uses or challenges stereotypes. 7. Producer Intent Develop your answers by explaining why the producer may have chosen this particular representation. 🎯 Audience 8. Audience Response Work on explaining how different audiences might respond to a media text. 9. Target Audience Practise identifying the target audience and explaining how the text appeals to them. 🏭 Industry & Context 10. Contextual Factors Include short points about social, cultural or historical context when they are relevant. 11. Industry Knowledge Review key industry terms such as regulation, ownership and distribution. 📝 Extended Writing Skills in Media 12. Structured Answers Use a point → evidence → explanation structure to develop your written responses. 13. Using Examples Practise using examples from the media text to support your ideas clearly. 14. Clarity of Expression Re - read your work to check that your explanation is easy to follow and stays focused on the question. 📚 Key Concepts Revision 15. Concept Review Regularly review key Media Studies concepts so you can use them confidently in your answers. 🎨 Art AfD Library — Medium Literacy (Subject - Specific, 15 Examples) 🖼️ Developing Ideas 1. Idea Development Work on developing your ideas further by producing more sketches or trial compositions. 2. Linking Ideas to Themes Practise explaining how your ideas link to the project theme. 3. Exploring Alternatives Try experimenting with different layouts or viewpoints to explore new possibilities. 👩🎨 Artist Research & Influence 4. Artist Research Make your artist research more detailed by explaining what you like about their work. 5. Artist Influence Show how an artist’s style or techniques influence your own work by including small practical studies. 6. Comparing Artists Practise comparing two artists and explaining how their work is similar or different. 🧪 Experimentation & Techniques 7. Media Experimentation Experiment with different materials or techniques to find which ones work best for your idea. 8. Refining Techniques Keep practising key skills such as shading, blending or mark - making to improve accuracy. 9. Colour Choices Think carefully about your colour choices and how they support the mood or meaning of your piece. 10. Texture and Detail Add more detail or texture to develop depth in your work. 📝 Annotation & Reflection 11. Annotation Work on writing short annotations that explain your decisions or what you changed. 12. Reflecting on Work Reflect on what went well in your piece and what you would improve next time. 13. Describing Techniques Annotate your work using correct art vocabulary, such as tone, contrast, form, and composition. 📚 Presentation & Organisation 14. Presentation Skills Improve the presentation of your sketchbook by arranging work neatly and in a clear order. 15. Planning Final Piece Create a simple plan showing how your final piece will develop from your earlier ideas. 🔧 Practical & Technical Skills (DT / Food Tech) 1. Practical Accuracy Take more care with measuring, cutting or weighing to make your practical work more accurate. 2. Safe Working Practise using equipment safely and confidently by following the correct procedures. 3. Technique Improvement Spend time refining key practical skills such as chopping, shaping, or assembling components. 4. Attention to Detail Check your work carefully during practical tasks so you can correct small errors early. 🧠 Design, Planning & Problem - Solving (DT focus) 5. Design Development Work on developing your design ideas further by sketching alternatives or adding more detail. 6. Planning Steps Create a simple step - by - step plan before starting a practical task to stay organised. 7. Evaluating Designs Practise evaluating your work by identifying what worked well and what you would change. 8. Selecting Materials Improve your understanding of materials by explaining why certain materials are suitable for specific tasks. 💻 Computing: Programming & Digital Skills 9. Programming Logic Work on writing clearer instructions in your code so the program runs as expected. 10. Debugging Skills Practise identifying and fixing errors in your code by testing one part at a time. 11. Using Key Terms Strengthen your computing vocabulary by using terms like variable, input, output, and algorithm accurately. 12. File Organisation Organise your digital work so it is easy to find and update during lessons. 🍽️ Food Technology: Recipes, Nutrition & Evaluation 13. Following Recipes Practise following recipe steps in the correct order to improve the final outcome. 14. Nutrition Knowledge Review basic nutrition information so you can explain the choices you make in dishes. 15. Presentation Skills Work on presenting your dishes or practical outcomes more neatly and consistently. 🏃♂️ PE AfD Library — Medium Literacy (Subject - Specific, 15 Examples) 💪 Effort, Focus & Participation 1. Sustained Effort Aim to maintain a consistent level of effort throughout the whole lesson. 2. Active Participation Take part in all activities to help build your fitness and confidence. 3. Staying On Task Work on staying focused during practical activities so you get the most from each session. 🤝 Teamwork & Communication 4. Team Communication Practise communicating clearly with your teammates during group activities or games. 5. Supporting Others Work on encouraging and supporting teammates to help improve team performance. 6. Cooperation Improve your cooperation by following instructions and working well with different partners. ⚽ Skills: Technique, Control & Accuracy 7. Skill Accuracy Practise key skills such as passing, dribbling, or shooting to improve accuracy. 8. Technique Development Focus on refining your technique through repeated practice of small drills. 9. Control & Coordination Work on improving your control and coordination through regular warm - up skills. 🧠 Tactical & Rules Understanding 10. Rules Knowledge Review the basic rules of the sport so you can apply them confidently in games. 11. Tactical Awareness Try to think about simple tactics, such as positioning or spacing, during team activities. 12. Decision Making Practise making quicker decisions in game situations to improve overall performance. 🎒 Readiness & Organisation 13. Equipment & Kit Ensure you bring the correct PE kit so you are ready to take part in every lesson. 14. Preparation Arrive prepared and ready to join activities straight away to make full use of lesson time. 📝 Fitness & Personal Improvement 15. Fitness Development Work on improving your fitness by putting effort into warm - ups and endurance activities. 🛠️ SUBJECT DICTIONARY: TECHNOLOGY (DT / Food Tech / Computing) 1. Core Skills Across Technology Subjects Even though DT, Food, and Computing are distinct subjects, they share several foundational skills: A) Practical & Technical Skills DT & Food Tech • accurate measuring, marking, cutting, weighing • following procedures safely • use of tools and equipment • preparing ingredients / assembling components Computing • writing clear code • debugging • using software correctly • organising digital files B) Design, Planning & Problem - Solving (DT Focus) Students must be able to: • generate design ideas • explore alternatives • create clear design plans • select appropriate materials • justify design choices C) Experimentation & Iteration In all Technology subjects, students develop through: • trial and improvement • testing solutions • refining practical work • evaluating outcomes D) Organisation & Workflow Management • logical sequencing of steps • preparing workspace or equipment • completing tasks within time • presenting work clearly (sketchbooks, digital files, written plans) E) Subject Knowledge Food Tech • nutrition • hygiene & safety • cooking methods DT • material properties • manufacturing processes Computing • programming concepts (variables, loops, conditionals) • algorithms and logic 2. Common Strengths in Technology Reports The agent should interpret the following as strengths: • accurate practical technique • good attention to detail • strong organisation or planning • creativity in design work • confident use of equipment or software • clear reasoning for design/material choices • well - structured or well - annotated design sheets • effective debugging in Computing • good understanding of nutrition/safety (Food) These should not trigger AfDs. 3. Common Weaknesses in Technology Reports The agent should expect the following patterns: Practical Skills (DT/Food) • inaccurate measuring or weighing • difficulty using tools safely • weak technique (cutting, shaping, mixing, assembling) • messy or incomplete outcomes Design Skills (DT) • underdeveloped ideas • limited sketches or variations • no justification for material choices • unclear design sheets Knowledge (Food) • misunderstanding nutrition • confusion between cooking methods • weak knowledge of hygiene or safety rules Computing • unclear or incorrect code • difficulty debugging • misunderstanding variables, loops, or inputs • disorganised digital work • logic errors Organisation • forgetting equipment / not prepared • incomplete documentation • poor sequencing of steps These map directly to your Technology AfDs. 4. Teacher Phrases → What They Mean (Technology Interpretation Table) Teacher Says... Agent Interprets As... “Needs to measure accurately” Accuracy/precision issues (DT/Food) “Messy or rushed practical work” Needs care, sequencing, refinement “Ideas not developed” Needs more sketches/alternatives (DT) “Can’t explain material choices” Needs knowledge of material properties “Weak annotation” Needs clearer explanation and reflection “Struggles with equipment” Needs supervised practice with tools “Code doesn’t run” Needs debugging practice “Not understanding variables/loops” Needs core programming support “Poor file organisation” Needs digital organisation habits “Forgets kit or ingredients” Needs readiness/organisation skills These mappings guide AfD selection. 5. Follow - Up Questions the Agent Should Ask When teacher input is unclear, the agent should ask: Practical (DT/Food) • “Which practical skills do they find most difficult?” • “Are their measurements or techniques accurate?” • “Do they follow safety procedures confidently?” Design & Planning (DT) • “Do they develop multiple ideas or just one?” • “How detailed and clear are their design sheets?” • “Can they justify their material choices?” Food Tech • “How well do they follow recipes step - by - step?” • “Do they understand key nutrition concepts?” Computing • “Do they write clear, logical code?” • “How independent are they at debugging?” • “Do they understand basic programming concepts?” • “Is their digital work organised?” These questions help the agent narrow down AfDs. 6. Red Flags — Things the Agent Should NOT Infer The agent must never assume: • fine - motor difficulties or physical limitations • home access to tools, ingredients, or software • interest or lack of interest in the subject • SEND needs (e.g., dyspraxia) • cultural factors (e.g., cooking experience) • technological access at home Only described behaviours and skills should be used. 7. Key Vocabulary for Technology When teachers use these terms, the agent should map them to the correct AfDs: Practical • accuracy • measurement • cutting • assembling • technique • safety • hygiene DT • design sheet • prototype • evaluate