U.S. Nuclear Devices and Their Designers @RivetAmber.bsky.social This work is licensed under a Creative Commons “CC0 1.0 Universal” license. The following tables try to match nuclear devices with the people who designed them. No attempt has been made to rank the contributions in terms of importance. For example, according to [34, p. 3], Seymour Sack was the program manager for the W84 but also the primary designer and group leader for that warhead. To keep the tables’ size manageable, the scope is limited to design physicists, ignoring all the other people who worked on a specific test or device, even if they are cited in some public documents (see, for example [82]). For the same reason, I have avoided adding people from the Manhattan Project, as their work is described in The Making of the Atomic Bomb [71] and Critical Assembly [43], and most of them are already well known. When possible, the device name is used, not the name of the nuclear test in which the device was tested (“Booster” instead of “ Greenhouse Item”), but there are some cases where only the test’s name is known, so I have added those in a separate table at the end. In the secondary column, ‘ ∅ ’ means “not applicable”, because the device is single-stage. If no information is available, the cell is empty. Note on the sources For some people, we have publicly available official sources that link them to a specific device or test. For example, the booklet published by Lawrence Livermore on Dan Patterson [35] makes it clear that he worked in A‐Division, so he was a secondary designer, and names some of the devices he worked on. For others, the available sources are less clear, so there is a certain amount of guesswork. As an example, according to [14, p. 182], Raymond E. Hunter “received a Distinguished Performance Award from the Laboratory for the design of the W76 (Trident) warhead”—so we know he worked on that device, but not whether he worked on the primary, secondary, or something else. Digging around a bit more, we find the same article indexed in Publications of Los Alamos Research 1983 [78], p. 117. There, the entry also lists the division in which each author was working at the time. For Hunter, this was TD‐2, which was the thermonuclear weapons design division (see LANL Organization Chart 1943–1984 [13], p. 182). Putting those three data points together, we have some evidence that Raymond E. Hunter was part of the team that designed the secondary of the W76. Still, it’s indirect evidence and may not be 100 % correct. Only one entry has a substantial level of guesswork and uncertainty: the Oboe secondary tested during shot Petit of Operation Dominic [85, p. 24]. In his book At the Abyss [66], Thomas C. Reed describes his work as a secondary designer at Livermore during the early 1960s, culminating in the test of one of his designs during Operation Dominic . Unfortunately, he neither discloses the official codename of his device nor does he specify the event in which it was tested. I have tried to identify the test Reed worked on using the few hints he provides in the text: 1. He uses “Oso” as the codename for his device throughout the book. [66, p. 115] 2. The date for the “design freeze” of his device was 1962‐05‐24. [66, p. 120] 3. The device was shipped by plane from California to Hawaii in June. [66, p. 123] 4. The yield for the test was “much lower than expected”. [66, p. 121] As mentioned in United States Nuclear Tests, July 1945 through September 1992 [85], p. 24, six of the shots in June were tests of Livermore’s devices, but according to The Swords Of Armageddon , vol. 4, p. 405 [39], only Petit was classified as a “fizzle”, with a yield of 2.2 kt . Given that the height of burst was 4570 m [85, p. 25], similar to other megaton-class devices tested during Dominic , Petit seems to be the likeliest candidate for a test whose yield was “much lower than expected”. Hansen [39, p. 416] also states that Petit was a test of the Oboe secondary. Version 4.3. 1 Devices DEVICE PRIMARY SECONDARY REFERENCES Bassoon Michael May [65] Booster Conrad Longmire ∅ [1, 7] Marshall Rosenbluth Cylinder Ted Taylor Marshall Rosenbluth [7, 27] Cleo Jim Wilson ∅ [64, 65, 81] Johnny Foster Flute Harold Brown [30, 65] Geode Art Biehl ∅ [65] Johnny Foster Linda LASL primary Herbert York [65] Harold Brown Jim Frank Art Biehl Michael May Ernie Martinelli Oboe Thomas C. Reed [39, 66, 85] George Maenchen Piccolo Carl Haussmann [65] Ripple John H. Nuckolls [32, 58] Robin Jim Wilson Walter Birnbaum ∅ [65] Johnny Foster Sausage Richard Garwin [7, 28, 29, 55, 70] Kenneth Ford Marshall Rosenbluth J. Carson Mark Conrad Longmire Marshall Holloway Conrad Longmire Shrimp Ben Diven [59, 61] J. Carson Mark Swallow Johnny Foster ∅ [65] Swan Morris Scharff ∅ [65] Walter Birnbaum Swift Jasper Welch ∅ [65] Mark 5 Marshall Holloway ∅ [40] Mark 12 Ted Taylor ∅ [53, 69] Mark 13 Ted Taylor ∅ [40, 51, 60] David B. Thomson Mark 14 Robert Shreffler [61] Mark 17 Harold Agnew [61, 68] Mark 18 Ted Taylor ∅ [23] W27 LASL primary Harold Brown [65] W33 John Richter ∅ [25, 41, 81] W38 Dan Patterson [35] B41 Michael May [35, 65] Dan Patterson (table continues on the next page...) 2 Devices DEVICE PRIMARY SECONDARY REFERENCES W47 Carl Haussmann Chuck Godfrey Jack Rosengren Walter Birnbaum Peter Moulthrop [15, 46] Johnny Foster Kenneth Bandtel David Hall Jim Frank W50 Robert N. Thorn [5, 41] W54 Ted Taylor ∅ [23, 41] W58 Seymour Sack [34] W62 Seymour Sack Dan Patterson [34, 35, 48] W65 Richard Wagner [17, 72] W68 Seymour Sack Dan Patterson [30, 34, 35, 48] William B. Shuler W71 William Lokke William F. Scanlin Dan Patterson [16, 35, 77, 83] Dave Stanfel B61‐3 Robert K. Osborne Delmar Bergen [6, 8, 67] Gary Wall W76 Robert K. Osborne Charles C. Cremer John Richter John W. Taylor [8, 10, 14, 73, 78] Raymond E. Hunter W79 William F. Scanlin [41, 77] W80 Bruce Goodwin [44, 67] Gary Wall W82 Michael O. Larson [41, 45] B83 Seymour Sack George Miller [22, 34, 56, 83] Michael Anastasio W84 Seymour Sack George Miller [18, 34, 56, 83] Michael Anastasio W85 Paul White [41, 79] W87 Seymour Sack Dan Patterson Leon Keller Hank O’Brein [11, 34, 35, 56, 75] Michael Anastasio Bill Dunlop W88 Ralph Douglas Johnson [81] W89 Seymour Sack Dan Patterson [34, 35, 86] B90 John Pedicini [54, 57] RRW Juliana Hsu Hank O’Brein [2, 31, 36, 47, 50] 3 Nuclear Tests SHOT NAME PRIMARY SECONDARY REFERENCES Buster Able Ted Taylor ∅ [51, 53] Storax Anacostia David W. Dorn [4, 21] Toggle Rio Blanco Roy Woodruff [9, 16] Bedrock Portola Tom Thomson [87] Anvil Chiberta Cal Wood [34, 76] Praetorian Monterey Tom Thomson [87] Phalanx Mini Jade John Pedicini ∅ [37, 63] Fusileer Orkney Carol Alonso [3, 52] Fusileer Duoro Jas Mercer-Smith [44] Fusileer Dolcetto Bruce Goodwin [49] John Kammerdiener Fusileer Wexford Tom Thomson [87] Grenadier Vermejo John Pedicini ∅ [63] Touchstone Schellbourne David Dearborn [19, 87] Cornerstone Amarillo Merri Wood-Schultz [33] Julin Lubbock Jas Mercer-Smith [6, 24, 44] Julin Divider Gary Wall [20, 74, 80, 88] Reid Worlton Keith Despain Troy Eddleman Fred Mortensen Brown Rogers David Hollowell Thomas Gorman Thomas Seed References [1] Finn Aaserud. Interview of Conrad Longmire . Niels Bohr Library & Archives, American Institute of Physics. College Park, MD, USA, 1987‐04‐30. DOI: 10.1063/nbla.iefw.mgct [2] Air Force Scientific Advisory Board Biography Book . United States Air Force Scientific Advisory Board. 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