Peckham in Motion TB1 From gentrification to regeneration STUDIO 2 Course Code: M32805 T B 1 Sebastian Aed o / John Pegg Peckham, a vibrant district in South London, has witnessed a recent transforma8on impac8ng its unique character and history. Influx of new residents and businesses has fostered cultural vibrancy and economic growth, but this gentrifica8on has brought al ong complex challenges. The shiD from a working - class area to a fashionable des8na8on escalated property prices, affec8ng long - 8me residents and altering the neighborhood's iden8ty. This studio, centered in Peckham, aims to explore alterna8ve inhabi ta8on while preserving its cultural heritage. U8lizing film and drawing as research tools, architects will dissect Peckham's evolving urban landscape and its historical layers. Figure 1 : Coal line Project , Peckham Introduc)on Peckham, a district located in South London, is a rich and diverse community that in recent years has undergone significant altera8ons Its history i s a complex superimposi8on of urban and economic changes that h as seen its origins as a rural village transformed to its current status as a bustling urban centre Peckham's history can be traced back to the 11th century when it was a small hamlet surrounded by fields and woodlands. Over the centuries, it evolved into a market town, featured extensive market gardens and orchards which benefi ted from its strategic loca8on along the main road between London and the coastal ports. Already by the 19th century, the area had become a thriving suburb, aOrac8ng an increasingly diverse popula8on due to its accessibility and proximity to central London. Figure 2 : John Rocque's Map of London, Westminster, and Southwark, 1746 During the 20th century, Peckham experienced periods of industrial growth, but also faced significant challenges, par8cularly during World War II when it suffered extensive bomb damage. ADer this the district underwent a significant reconstruc8on and urban renewal that contributed to a more modern and diverse community. H owever, in the lat e 1970’s , residents in Peckham suffered high unemployment and a lack of economic opportuni8es , which lead to its con8nuous decli ne , and its bad rep uta8on of being one of the most deprived areas in Western Europe. Already in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Peckham began to experience a notable transforma8on characterized by gentrifica8on — a process by which previously neglected or economically disadvantaged urban areas are renovated and redeveloped, oDen leading to an influx of wealthier residents and businesses. Figure 3 : [ le.] A street adjacent to Peckham Rye 1941/2 [Right] , photograph depicKng bomb damage on the site of the Jones and Higgins department Store on Rye Lane Peckham in 1943. \ \ \ Figure 4: Save your Peckham campaign The process of gentrifica8on in Peckham has been s8mulated by several different factors Among the m , is its proximity to central London and the good transporta8on links , aOrac8ng young professionals seeking affordable housing T he availability of unused or underu8lized industrial spaces has also contribute d to provide opportuni8es for redevelopment, leading to an increase in fashionable shops , art galleries, and cultural spaces. Although gentrifica8on in Peckham has improved infrastructure and increased the investment in public services — bringing economic growth and new job opportuni8es, it has a lso leads produce d nega8ve consequences. Among th ese, is the displacement of long - 8me, lower - income residents due to rising property prices and rents, making the area unaffordable for them. Gentrifica8on can erode the cultural and social fabric of a community, as tradi8onal businesses and residents are repla ced by those catering to a more affluent demographic Looking forward, Peckham faces several challenges. Balancing the benefits of gentrifica8on with the preserva8on of its diverse community and history is crucial. Affordable housing ini8a8ves, community - led development projects, and policies that protect vulnerable popula8ons from displacement are necessary to ensure an inclusive and sustainable future for Peckham. Striking a balance between economic growth and social equity is essen8al to maintain the district's unique character while embracing posi8ve transforma8on. Community engagement, though^ul urban planning, and collabora8on between various s takeholders will be key to addressing these challenges and shaping a prosperous and harmonious future for Peckham Using the district of Peckham in London as a testing ground, the studio will e xplore and propose collective and alternative forms of inhabitation s that aims at harmonizing Peckham's transforma8onal journey with its rich history and diverse community. Our design brief encompasses a me8culous interplay of affordable housing solu8ons, community - centric ini8a8ves, and sustainable urban planning, seeking to foster inclusivity while promo8ng growth The studio gives you an opportunity to develop and work through cri8cal architectural projects that tra vers different layers of scales — from the urban strateg y to th e technical detail. I n this studio we expect architectural prop osi8ons that are meaningful , at tune with the con temporary urban condi8ons of the c ity and that have a pro gressive approach to them Pro gramme Research Week 2 - 6 Films can be a great tool for architects, where their images, narra8ves, and concepts will help us dissect Peckham's evolving urban landscape and unearth its complex layers of history During our third week o n site visit , students will be asked to produce a video to construct a 3 - 5 minutes films of Peckham . U sing montage and other filmic techniques ( accelerated frame rates , slow mo8on, dissolves , and so on) student s will make a fi lm to be shown at the first interim review The films will then be studied and spa8alised as nota8onal drawings as a way of opening an urban and architectural specula8on regarding the urban redevelopment of Peckham. The film Students are asked to immerse themselves in the possibili8es of the medium and draw upon it. Some might work with fragments of video that they capture from various parts of the city, suturing them together to form a new architectural sequence constructed out of pieces of exis8ng city fabric (a clip of movement through Peckham Rye sta8on s8tched to the Burgess Business Park s8tched to Peckham squa re etc.). Others might image a film that constructs movement through an abstract, straight line through a part of the city, one that depicts a physically impossible journey, moving through walls, interiors, streets, public buildings etc., revealing their juxtaposi8ons in a way that is never actually perceivable. Think about how film, through crosscueng and montage, can jump between and ambiguate scales; think of how speeding up or slowing down the frame rate produces effects of accelera8on and decelera8on; think of how it constructs something new by sampling the pre - existent and reconfiguring it; think of the effects of sound as well, and how it acts upon what we see (in mainstream cinema, for example, the sound in one scene usually carries on beyond the visual break, otherwise the transi8on seems overly abrupt). Explore the possibili8es of all this, and exploit the effects of different kinds of image - capture devices too. An HD camera produces something en8rely different to video filmed on a mobile phone, for example. The 3 - 5min cinema8c assemblage that you make might intertwine video caught by devices of different kinds to produce a rhythm of varying visual effects. When you make the film, construct it from a ‘first person’ point of view (i.e. this is not a film with an ‘actor’, in which the camera watches someone): the camera itself is to be the actor and to construct the passage. DO NOT try to imagine your urban proposal in advance, or try to manipulate the film to an8cipate it. We want to do the opposite – that is to open spa8al condi8ons and possibili8es through an explora8on of film. You are free to use whatever video - capture devices you want (phones, iPods, digital cameras, etc. - most of you will have some of these, and other kinds are available from the university). Basic video edi8ng soDware (e.g. Da Vinci Resolve , AVS, Adobe Premier Pro ) should be used to construct the film The Mapping Following the film, the second component asks you to produce a mapping , derived from a detailed study of the film that you have produced. This is to be linear and is to graphically spa8alise, in a single drawing, the film. It will begin to work as a kind of architectural transla8on of it. The physical size and techniques used in the drawing are up to each individual student. You may find the nota8onal techniques used by the Soviet film - maker Sergei Eisenstein or the American composer John Cage useful. For an approach to architectural nota8on related to in par8cular, Eisenstein’s ideas, see Bernard Tschumi’s ManhaOan Transcripts. We will review this work at the start of the fourth week of the programme, but it may need to extend beyond this to be completed sa8sfactorily. Figure 5 : Bernard Tschumi ManhaRan Project Figure 6 : Dagmar Richter. Proposal for a New Government Centre in Berlin, 1992. The diagram is an architectural copy of medical representaKon, sKtching the city back together Urban Proposal Week 7 - 9 The mapping process conducted between weeks 5 and 6 will guide both our urban and architectural proposals. Within the given brief, students will design a co - housing scheme while proposing addi8onal complementary facili8es. The choice of which other facil i8es will best suits the co - housing scheme will be determined through discussion and agreement between the students and their tutors. These proposals should meaningfully respond to the students' research and understanding of Peckham's urban condi8ons and needs. It's important to note that the urban proposal and the architectural project that derived from it are not separate isolated sta ges in the project, but a natural outcome of the research and design process. The urban proposal aims to address previous situa8ons and condi8ons iden8fied during the research and mapping process. Figure 7 : La Borda housing cooperative , 2018. Barcelona , Spain. Architects: Lacol Refinement Urban P roposi)on Week 1 0 - 12 D uring this period students are me ant to consolidate the ir urban propo sal s, this is an ind ividual task and students shoul d rely on a range different media representa8ons t o successfully communicate their inten8 ons and i deas. Be cri8cal about the various media available to you and use whatever seems appropriate and produc8ve to nego8ate various stages of the design process. Finally, think about the presenta8on of your work (at re views but also in the tutorials) as an ac8ve component of the process: how can they be staged best? What are the spa8al possibili8es that emerge out of the interac8on be tween the representa8ons that you produce and their ar rangement in the studio ? This stage of the project is a lso about tes8ng programma8c ideas in spa8al and material form, and in rela8on to specific sites. What are the appropriate construc8ons, forms, pro grammes, materials to realise your urban scenarios? What do they bring to the city? And, in what ways do they inter act with the exis8ng urban fabric? The aim is to develop a clear narra8ve for a building or a complex of buildings, always in dialogue with the urban explora8ons. Figure 8 : Cedric Pr ice , views of models. Projet Magnet 220 Time table Week 1 18/09 - 22/09 Induction Week 2 25/09 - 29/09 Project Launch + Research Video Tutorial [Premier Pro] from 13:00 to 15:00 pm Room 1.125D Eldon building Week 3 02/10 - 06/10 Site visit Peckham + Production of Short film 3-5 minites Week 4 9/10 - 13/10 Review short film Week 5 16/10 - 20/10 Mapping Week 6 23/10-27/10 Consolidation week Week 7 30/10 - 03/11 Mapping + Action Plan + critical position Week 8 06/11 - 10/11 Introduction to MPRS Development Urban Proposal Week 9 13/11 - 17/11 Interim Review (formative) 10:00 am Week 10 20/11 - 24/11 Tutorials Refinement of Urban Proposition Week 11 27/11 - 01/12 Tutorials Refinement of Urban Proposition Week 12 04/12 - 08/12 MP Summative Review (10%) 10:00 am" Week 13 11/12 - 15/12 Feedback from Summative Review 10:00 am Teaching Block 1 Bibliography — Allen, Stan (1999) Points + Lines : Diagrams and Projects for the City (New York : Princeton Architectural Press) — Bass, David (1997) ‘Insiders and Outsiders: Latent Urban Thinking in Movies of Modern Rome’, in Penz, F. and Thomas, M (eds), — Cinema and Architecture: Mélies, Mallet - Stevens, Multimedia (London: BFI) — Bruno, Giuliana (2002), Atlas of Emotion: Journeys in Art, Architecture, and Film (London: Verso) — Dorrian, Mark and Hawker, Adrian (2002) Metis: Urban Cartographies (London: Black Dog Publishing) — Dorrian, Mark and Hawker, Adrian (2003) ‘The Tortoise, the Scorpion and the Horse – Partial Notes on Architectural Research / Teaching / PracOce’, Journal of Architecture, 8 (2):181 - 190. — Dorrian, Mark (2009) Warszawa: Projects for the Post - Socialist City (Edinburgh: Cityspeculations) — Eisenstein, Sergei (1948) The Film Sense (London: International Theatre and Cinema) — Eisenstein, Sergei (1951) Film Form (London: International Theatre and Cinema) — Tschumi, Bernard (1981) The Manhattan Transcripts (London: Academy Editions) — T schumi, Bernard (1994) Architecture and Disjunction (Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press) Web Bibliography — Current OS maps: DIGIMAP, accessed via http://www.ncl.ac.uk/library/subject/maps/digimap.php — Field Operations / Diller Scofidio + Renfro, The High Line: http://www.thehighline.org/ — Tschumi on the Manhattan Transcripts: http://sma.sciarc.edu/subclip/bernard - tschumi - manhattan - transcripts - clip_2507/ — Tschumi – projects: http://www.tschumi.com/projects/all/image/alphabetical/ Ab out Peckham — https://medium.com/@jacquelyneladejo/peckham - gentrification - social - class - multiculturalism - a356934e128a — https://www.ayleshamcommunityaction.co.uk — https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2XMU9XPdig8 \ — https://www.southwark.gov.uk/search?q=peckham&type=3