2019 ɥÒDȡůÀ ǁɿ ɲɣDzûbāLJôÁD ţʏƉʖÆıʣ Ƞ eĕÒDɐ ĕDʣ 2019 Ĥ Ƴ QOȗ ɲɣDzûbāLJôÁDɰɋ https://www.uscc.gov ii 2019 REPORT TO CONGRESS OF THE U.S.- CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION ɲ ɣDzûbāLJôÁD Caro yn Bartho omew, Chairman Rob n C eve and, Vice Chairman ôÁ Andreas Borgeas Jeffrey F ed er Hon. Carte P.Goodw n Roy D. Kamphausen Thea Me Lee Kenneth Lewis M chae A. McDev tt Hon. James M. Ta ent Michael R. Wessel Larry M. Wortzel 2019 ôÁDĘM0Á Dan e W. Peck, Executive Director Kr st en T. Bergerson, Research Coordinator and Senior Policy Analyst, Security and Foreign Affairs V rg o B s o, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade A exander A. Bowe , Policy Analyst, Security and Foreign Affairs Er k Cast o, Operations Support Specialist Chr stopher P. F oravante, Director of Operations and Administration Benjam n B. Frohman, Director Security and Foreign Affairs W Green, Policy Analyst, Security and Foreign Affairs Char es Horne, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade M che e Ker, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade Ann L sterud, Research Assistant, Economics and Trade Anastasya (Ana) L oyd-Damnjanov c, Policy Fellow, Security and Foreign Affairs Kaj Ma den, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade Ethan S. Me ck, Policy Analyst, Security and Foreign Affairs Leyton Ne son, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade Les e T sda e Reagan, Congressional Liaison and Communications Director Narg za Sa djanova, Director, Economics and Trade Matthew O. Souther and, Policy Analyst, Security and Foreign Affairs Suzanna M. Stephens, Policy Analyst, Economics and Trade Kerry Suther and, Administrative and Human Resources Assistant Br ttney M. Wash ngton, Congressional and Policy Fellow The Commission was created on October 30 2000 by the Floyd D Spence National Defense Authorization Act of 2001 Pub L No 106 398 (codified at 22 U S C § 7002) as amended by The Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act 2002 Pub L No 107 67 (Nov 12 2001) (regarding employment status of staff and changing annual report due date from March to June) The Consolidated Appropriations Resolution 2003 Pub L No 108 7 (Feb 20 2003) (regarding Commission name change terms of Commissioners and responsibilities of the Commission) The Science State Justice Commerce and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2006 Pub L No 109 108 (Nov 22 2005) (regarding responsibilities of the Commission and applicability of FACA) The Consolidated Appropriations Act 2008 Pub L No 110 161 (Dec 26 2007) (regarding submission of accounting reports printing and bindings compensation for the executive director changing annual report due date from June to December and travel by members of the Commission and its staff) The Carl Levin and oward P ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 Pub L No 113 291 (Dec 19 2014) (regarding responsibilities of the Commission) The Commission’s full charter and statutory mandate are available online at https://www.uscc.gov/about/uscc charter EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS iii ɲɣDzûbāLJôÁD Ƴ 14 2019 ĊƗȡLJ_ · ǏŲƝ~ ɲÒ¤ʣ˿ƦƦŏɧȧ̓ȋ 20510 ĊƗȡĞ · NǬʕ ɲÒBʣ˿ʣ˴ȧ̓ȋ 20510 /ȇȡ¤ʣÁǏŲƝ~Æʣ˴NǬʕ Ś:L·̝i7ʑɲɣDzûbāLJôÁDĉôÁDȡ 2019 ĤĤĮůÀ©ˠɥÒDƹůÀƪćŚ:ȡ= ŽƾȡÍī “ ďɲÒÆ0ǠgÆÒ ˷ȡ§˒ˀƨÆɣDzhɘćÒĄûbȡĽÈ ̇ʏȤDZʲLJĥ ºÒDůÀ ” ôÁDďʯʣ˓ř%ħǨȡ`gʬƹůÀȡmąşƴ 12 ̧řÁ× ʁūȺŧsĥƅ ,ɥÒD ǎżŚ:ȡŽƾŞʀ 10 Ƴ 4 ƤȡƹůÀŴŚ:ȡ¼ʪȱɆơʏÆćÒDÔɐ 106 ²dǧşȴþȡŽ ƾ̕Û ̇ʏāLJȡɤDžÆıʣ Ș 106–398 ²dgǧ 2000 Ĥ 10 Ƴ 30 ƤĥȘɐ 107-67 ²dgǧ 2001 Ĥ 11 Ƴ 12 Ƥɐ 108-7 ²dgǧ 2003 Ĥ 2 Ƴ 20 Ƥ ɐ 109-108 ²dgǧ 2005 Ĥ 11 Ƴ 22 Ƥɐ 110-161 ²dgǧ 2007 Ĥ 12 Ƴ 26 ƤÆɐ 113-291 ²dgǧ 2014 Ĥ 12 Ƴ 19 Ƥ Wʟ ôÁDȡɍɃŴŚ:ɶʺʅÐmȡ 11 þºȱɆ̕Û{ůÀȡ˻Ļ I ʯôÁD ʏ%cǕdIJ¼ʪD¼ª%ǁɿƑĬȾʉ˪˵øƺșƭËÏȱɆƻǃÆj6ɻƬȡ 77 IĄʪ0ȡʪʭć)Ǟ¼ʪDôÁD˫DM ɎĻÔŚ:ȡɰɋ https://www.uscc.gov © ĝ2Ĥȡ¼ʪDŴ • #：ģȡȄņ.ȡm˪Ææ˪ŷŝ • ̗ ̀ ðÆɤDžÒȡɲÒd³ÆɲÒȡÒd³ • ƞiȡTːłŝȚɌ'Ʀ7ćɲÒȡ½ȶ • ÒëɇŝȚɌ（ • ũƺˀƨÆoǠʎ¶Òć0ĘƭɽƞƿƛÆƞɽǽȡ˞Ǣ • “ ș ǰ ” ȡo(˰ʫFÒȡbȓo(˯ł • səɲÒćÒȖȉũƺÆʇÇƤȣà˴ȡR˃9¥ • 2019 Ĥɲhɘ ĤÍ̒ ôÁDƌ%ʏƑxƋƻǃÆŒůșȡʦçŒrˤůŴ ƻĆÆƻĆȡh)Òo(Ȓ7Th ɘɲǻhɘÒÔëɇ̕Ûȡ˯ł9¥ɲÒŝȚīćÒȡ “ ğ ˋ ” XʣȡŒrˤůôÁDǘÔď ̆+̖Æj6̖ºÒDsä >ƻĆůÀôÁD；ƌ%æÒæ,Æo(ýÁ9¥ɲÒÆæÒ ƑĬ Ąȡˤů ÁćȀé~*ƞÚ̚ǻÆÒ ̇ʏ%ǘĴʩ˶9¼ªĥʡʧƴhÒ¥jbȓÆÕǮȡʘ ȃÔ ̆+ʩ˶ôÁD7ʑÏDʗ%ɲÒæ,ý˧ÒƑĬýÁ@7ʑøɴʤɴÆj6 Ą ôÁD；ÔL·éɃĮ R̍Ś:CȽȡ0ÁȡĘMĥl·æ˪ȱɆȡƋŵʗ˻Ļ IV üřŚ:ȡɶ ʺʗ˻Ļ I iv 2019 REPORT TO CONGRESS OF THE U.S. - CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION ʯůÀŴ 38 ǀh)ÒDʏȡıʣ ̆+ıʣvȒÔţʏƉʖȡɤđŚ:ĉǙůÀƅQɥÒDĞƶćʫFɲ hɘȡ ̇ĖÆŷŝƴȗ ŘʶőƅQƵȡƻDŚ:ĞƶÔǁĤɨɩÒDʣÁ¶Mʛqɲhɘ80hǩȡ˶̖ Ɨ Carolyn Bartholomew Ġ Robin Cleveland Ġ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS v mą 1 3ɢ 3 ôÁDȡʖıʣ 5 ţʏƉʖ 5 ɐ 1 ɍ 2019 ĤÍ̒ 5 ɐ 1 ʃĤĮÍ̒ɣDzˀƨ 7 ɐ 2 ʃĤĮÍ̒ûbƑǦÆæ, 8 ɐ 2 ɍ.ȡmæ˪ŷŝ 9 ɐ 3 ɍɲɌ' 9 ɐ 1 ʃɲÉhɘ 11 ɐ 2 ʃƞiũƺoǠʎ¶0ĘƭɽƞƿƛÆƞɽǽ 13 ɐ 3 ʃɲÒćÒȖȉũƺÆʇÇȡR˃ŎƤȣàĸ 14 ɐ 4 ɍÒȡbȓ˯ł 14 ɐ 1 ʃ.ȡ “ șɝ ” o(ȩlj 15 ɐ 2 ʃûȡïƻɲŝȚɌ'ƞƦƷȡThɘ 17 ɐ 3 ʃÒÔëɇȡ̇łâńɌ'Ʋ¹˒ș 19 ɐ 4 ʃƜ¬ȡÛŊéǫǭÆƞÚ 21 ɐ 5 ɍ ±Ǽ 22 ɐeɍ̚ǻ 25 ôÁDıʣȡɫ¶ǹ vi 2019 REPORT TO CONGRESS OF THE U.S. - CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1 3ɢ 2019 Ĥƪ ;ˮʖ(ŒȡÂĤɞňƤ Ĥ 1949 Ĥ 10 Ƴ 1 Ƥ ǟǪĂĝ0ǠgÆÒřɊĥMÒg-` CCP ȡĠ ʒ=ÅÒȡƲ̝̕ Ĉ0Ì Ĥȡ 1979 Ĥ 1 Ƴ 1 ƤɲÒ 0ǠgÆÒıɊ%æ,hɘ 30 Ĥ 1989 Ĥ 6 Ƴ 4 Ƥg̕Ĉ0 Ăĝś8ǯv˪˸9ƮƟĴšȂ%ÆģŬʣǮĈʁêû˵ ħÖėƼ çĤǁɲhɘěɣˇAþ2Ĥ 2019 ĤƪƲʆȡ Ĥ 2ĤĤ|ʦç0Ğƶʳ}ɴɽèř˓ř ̐ ˀƨʣ9ʛq˴ Ʒ9ǁćÒdģˀƨ[ǧÆ-ƑɒȡűņĥȴþÒhɘȡ ©Ėˎ ̋ȫ ̈ ̆ Ĥʖƪʳ}Ȳʔɚ̃ j¹ȡɝÆŸŭ 2ĤG ĉ9ÒĎƸʛqȡťƯˀƨŕPȡpɈɤđ§Ɵ ˷ ưéȡƑǦũƺÆûbxǛĉęÑ˴ƷȡŝȚɌ' ɲˀƨɚĶĒć.ǁʰƪ ɗɖȡƦgìŏ$ʤ #：ģÆj6g̝ē̕Ĉ0˫̎ȭçˮm˪Ææ˪ŷŝÔɣ DzƟ̎ .ǘĀȒɣDzà˴ - ̆ƪj¶ǧŎȡˮʖƋLj 2019 ĤÒýƟůÀȡÒmȖ-ŏZ GDP à˥˽ʀ： 30 Ĥ ǁƲJǡģĐɕƑĬĂɂɣDzà˴，˔ 6 H +ĄʠĀ ˼à˴ɜ 4.5 ̆ȿƐɬȡé˪xĹÎ)ÒɣDzȡɤǃŎķ ȃŴYʸűƜàdz％Ŏū˂0 ¬9¥ƑĬƋŵ ȡƒȐJȡÒƴ@ȡåʄ ̆+ŷŝȡ=L ˫ˊ9ƈ ɣDz6:g·ȡMȗ°ɽȲØ.ȡ˴ƷɣDzƑǦÆo(ȩlj Ò̕Ĉ0ʛqÒmɣDz˶̖ȡĥƸʛqÔìƁƑĬɕ ȔȡɣDzȡǿÔɤǃŎ˶̖ş̊ȡɣDzƎ̏ĎƸ©Ȗ Ò̎ȭƜ ȡYjŴd³YÒƴ@Æċ @şŵƴÕƟƑĬYjé˪xƪʼæɁɛȡƣǧü bǍɔ9¥ĄįYȘ)űłY˓ɄþǡģÒƑĬ yƜ%d³ʈl·̌ǘĴʎ˂ȡǺ˧ ̆˦ř%ċ@VʿȰɯ
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