About the publicationCe guide a été lancé le 21 octobre 2016, dans le cadre de l’Année des droits de l’homme de l’Union africaine, avec un accent particulier sur les droits des femmes. Il donne un aperçu des développements liés à la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, son organe de surveillance, la Commission africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, ainsi que la Charte africaine des droits et du bien-être de l’enfant, et son organe de surveillance, le Comité africain d’experts sur les droits et le bien-être de l’enfant. Le guide vise à la fois les développements historiques les plus saillants, et offre une introduction accessible au système africain des droits de l’homme.Il a été préparé par le Centre for Human Rights, Faculté de droit, Université de Pretoria, en collaboration avec la Commission africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples. Le Centre reconnaît les contributions importantes de Victor Ayeni et Doris Sonsiama dans la préparation de l’édition 2011 de ce guide (Célébration de la Charte africaine à 30). Les contributeurs de cette version du guide incluent Chairman Okoloise, Biau-Im Tin, Kyoung-hwa Lee et Tshepo Cyril Phanyane. Le Centre reconnaît aussi la contribution d’Ashwanee Budoo et de Nora Ho Tu Nam dans la mise à jour de la version française de l’édition 2011 de ce guide.Le Centre for Human Rights est à la fois un département universitaire et une organisation non-gouvernementale (ONG) à qui est accordée le statut d’observateur auprès de la Commission africaine. Le Centre offre des programmes académiques et s’engage dans la recherche, la sensibilisation et la formation sur les droits de l’homme, avec un accent particulier sur l’Afrique. Ses programmes phares sont le Master en droits de l’homme et démocratisation en Afrique et le Concours africain de procès simulé des droits de l’homme. Pour plus d’informations, veuillez visitez www.chr.up.ac.zaTable of ContentsLa Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples et les instruments additionnelsLa Commission africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuplesLa Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuplesLa Charte africaine des droits et du bien-être de l’enfantLe Comité africain d’experts sur les droits et le bien-être de l’enfantListe des abbréviationsLectures complémentaires
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The Octopus: A Story of California is a 1901 novel by Frank Norris and was meant to be the first part of an uncompleted trilogy, The Epic of the Wheat. It describes the wheat industry in California, and the conflicts between wheat growers and a railway company. Norris was inspired to write the novel by the Central Pacific Railroad and the Mussel Slough Tragedy. In the novel he depicts the tensions between the railroad, the ranchers and the ranchers' League. The book emphasized the control of "forces"—such as the power of railroad monopolies—over individuals. Some editions of the work give the subtitle as alternately, A California Story. From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).
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Combining the knowledge and experience of leading international researchers, practitioners and policy consultants, Knowledge for Peace discusses how we identify, claim and contest the knowledge we have in relation to designing and analysing peacebuilding and transitional justice programmes. Exploring how knowledge in the field is produced, and by whom, the book examines the research-policy-practice nexus, both empirically and conceptually, as an important part of the politics of knowledge production.
Drylands are fragile environments and, therefore, highly susceptible to environmental changes. They cover nearly 50% of the world’s land surface and are increasingly being reclaimed by a growing population for food production and urbanization. This makes water resources management in drylands an extremely important issue. The unplanned water resources development may result in aquifer depletion, soil and/or water salinization, loss of water through evapotranspiration due to inadequate irrigation systems, and land degradation (e.g., soil erosion, soil crusting, and sand encroachment).
Ziel und Aufgabe der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Darstellung des Prinzips der poetischen Synthese von Realität und Transzendenz im theoretischen, formalen und inhaltlichen Bereich. Die Rekonstruktion eines poetologischen Systems anhand von Interpretationen theoretischer Äußerungen Cvetaevas in Briefen und Essays soll als Hintergrund und Ausgangspunkt für die nachfolgenden Untersuchungen dienen. Sie soll zugleich zeigen, in welcher Weise die Synthese bereits hier als Grundprinzip erkennbar wird.
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Renewable energies are becoming a must to counteract the consequences of the global warming. More efficient devices and better control strategies are required in the generation, transport, and conversion of electricity. Energy is processed by power converters that are currently the key building blocks in modern power distribution systems. The associated electrical architecture is based on buses for energy distribution and uses a great number of converters for interfacing both input and output energy. This book shows that sliding-mode control is contributing to improve the performances of power converters by means of accurate theoretical analyses that result in efficient implementations. The sliding-mode control of power converters for renewable energy applications offers a panoramic view of the most recent uses of this regulation technique in practical cases. By presenting examples that range from dozens of kilowatts to only a few watts, the book covers control solutions for AC–DC and DC–AC generation, power factor correction, multilevel converters, constant-power load supply, wind energy systems, efficient lighting, digital control implementation, multiphase converters, and energy harvesting. The selected examples developed by recognized specialists are illustrated by means of detailed simulations and experiments to help the reader to understand the theoretical approach in each case considered in the book.
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Das Götterschicksal ihrer Ablösung als Sternenkonzerne einer Morgendämmerung von dem Menschen Dirk Dornbusch geschaffenen Konzept eines Sternenstaatslonzern.
The Nebuly Coat (1903), by J. Meade Falkner, is a suspense novel which tells of the experiences of a young architect, Edward Westray, who is sent to the remote town of Cullerne to supervise restoration work on Cullerne Minster. He finds himself caught up in Cullerne life, and hears rumours about a mystery surrounding the claim to the title of Lord Blandamer, whose coat of arms in the Minster's great transept window is the nebuly coat of the title. When the new Lord Blandamer arrives, promising to pay all the costs of the restoration, Westray suspects that the new lord is not what he seems. The Nebuly Coat includes elements that were central interests in Falkner's life, church architecture and heraldry. The massive Romanesque arches of Cullerne Minster recall those of Durham Cathedral which Falkner was familiar with through his work as Honorary Librarian to the Dean and Chapter as well as viewing it from his house on Palace Green. From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).
Bridging cellular membranes is a key step in the pathogenic action of both binary and pore-forming bacterial toxins. The former use their translocation domains, containing various structural motifs, to ensure efficient delivery of the toxic component into the host cell, while the latter act on the cellular membrane itself. In either case, the integrity of the membrane is compromised via targeted protein–lipid and protein–protein interactions triggered by specific signals, such as proteolytic cleavage or endosomal acidification.This Special Issue presents recent advances in characterizing functional, structural and thermodynamic aspects of the conformational switching and membrane interactions involved in the cellular entry of bacterial protein toxins. Deciphering the physicochemical principles underlying these processes is also a prerequisite for the use of protein engineering to develop toxin-based molecular vehicles capable of targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumors and other diseased tissues.
Shakespeare’s As You Like It is a play without a theme. Instead, it repeatedly poses one question in a variety of forms: What if the world were other than it is? As You Like It is a set of experiments in which its characters conditionally change an aspect of their world and see what comes of it: what if I were not a girl but a man? What if I were not a duke, but someone like Robin Hood? What if I were a deer? “What would you say to me now an [that is, “if”] I were your very, very Rosalind?” (4.1.64-65). “Much virtue in ‘if’,” as one of its characters declares near the play’s end; ‘if’ is virtual. It releases force even if the force is not that of what is the case. Change one thing in the world, the play asks, and how else does everything change?In As You Like It, unlike Shakespeare’s other plays, the characters themselves are both experiment and experimenters. They assert something about the world that they know is not the case, and their fictions let them explore what would happen if it were—and not only if it were, but something, not otherwise apparent, about how it is now. What is as you like it? What is it that you, or anyone, really likes or wants? The characters of As You Like It stand in ‘if’ as at a hinge of thought and action, conscious that they desire something, not wholly capable of getting it, not even able to say what it is. Their awareness that the world could be different than it is, is a step towards making it something that they wish it to be, and towards learning what that would be.Their audiences are not exempt. As You Like It doesn’t tell us that it knows what we like and will give it to us. It pushes us to find out. Over the course of the play, characters and audiences experiment with other ways the world could be and come closer to learning what they do like, and how their world can be more as they like it. By exploring ways the world can be different than it is, the characters of As You Like It strive to make the world a place in which they can be at home, not as a utopia—Arden may promise that, but certainly doesn’t fulfill it—but as an ongoing work of living. We get a sense at the play’s end not that things have been settled once and for all, but that the characters have taken time to breathe—to live in their new situations until they discover better ones, or until they discover newer desires.As You Like It, in other words, is a kind of essay: a set of tests or attempts to be differently in the world, and to see what happens. These essays in As If: As You Like It, originally commissioned as an introductory guide for students, actors, and admirers of the play, trace the force and virtue of some of the claims of the play that run counter to what is the case—its ‘ifs.’ABOUT THE AUTHORWilliam N. West is Associate Professor of English, Classics, and Comparative Literary Studies at Northwestern University, where he is also chair of the Department of Classics and co-editor of the journal Renaissance Drama. He is co-editor (with Helen Higbee) of Robert Weimann’s Author’s Pen and Actor’s Voice: Writing and Playing in Shakespeare’s Theatre (Cambridge, 2000) and (with Bryan Reynolds) of Rematerializing Shakespeare: Authority and Representation on the Early Modern Stage (Palgrave, 2005). In addition to his book Theatres and Encyclopedias in Early Modern Europe (2002), he has recently published articles on Romeo and Juliet’s understudies, irony and encyclopedic writing before and after the Enlightenment, Ophelia’s intertheatricality (with Gina Bloom and Anston Bosman), humanism and the resistance to theology, Shakespeare’s matter, and conversation as a theory of knowledge in Browne’s Pseudodoxia. His work has been supported by grants from the NEH and the Beinecke, Folger, Huntington, and Newberry libraries. Current research projects and interests include understanding and confusion in the Elizabethan playhouses, humanism and inhumanism in the philology of Angelo Poliziano, and a Renaissance prehistory of aesthetics.