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Human speech and music share a number of similarities and differences. One of the closest similarities is their temporal nature as both (i) develop over time, (ii) form sequences of temporal intervals, possibly differing in duration and acoustical marking by different spectral properties, which are perceived as a rhythm, and (iii) generate metrical expectations. Human brains are particularly efficient in perceiving, producing, and processing fine rhythmic information in music and speech. However a number of critical questions remain to be answered: Where does this human sensitivity for rhythm arise? How did rhythm cognition develop in human evolution? How did environmental rhythms affect the evolution of brain rhythms? Which rhythm-specific neural circuits are shared between speech and music, or even with other domains? Evolutionary processes’ long time scales often prevent direct observation: understanding the psychology of rhythm and its evolution requires a close-fitting integration of different perspectives. First, empirical observations of music and speech in the field are contrasted and generate testable hypotheses. Experiments exploring linguistic and musical rhythm are performed across sensory modalities, ages, and animal species to address questions about domain-specificity, development, and an evolutionary path of rhythm. Finally, experimental insights are integrated via synthetic modeling, generating testable predictions about brain oscillations underlying rhythm cognition and its evolution. Our understanding of the cognitive, neurobiological, and evolutionary bases of rhythm is rapidly increasing. However, researchers in different fields often work on parallel, potentially converging strands with little mutual awareness. This research topic builds a bridge across several disciplines, focusing on the cognitive neuroscience of rhythm as an evolutionary process. It includes contributions encompassing, although not limited to: (1) developmental and comparative studies of rhythm (e.g. critical acquisition periods, innateness); (2) evidence of rhythmic behavior in other species, both spontaneous and in controlled experiments; (3) comparisons of rhythm processing in music and speech (e.g. behavioral experiments, systems neuroscience perspectives on music-speech networks); (4) evidence on rhythm processing across modalities and domains; (5) studies on rhythm in interaction and context (social, affective, etc.); (6) mathematical and computational (e.g. connectionist, symbolic) models of “rhythmicity” as an evolved behavior.

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The use of new information and communication technologies both inside the courts and in private online dispute resolution services is quickly changing everyday conflict management. However, the implications of the increasingly disruptive role of technology in dispute resolution remain largely undiscussed. In this book, assistant professor of law and digitalisation Riikka Koulu examines the multifaceted phenomenon of dispute resolution technology, focusing specifically on private enforcement, which modern technology enables on an unforeseen scale. The increase in private enforcement confounds legal structures and challenges the nation-state’s monopoly on violence. And, in this respect, the author argues that the technology-driven privatisation of enforcement – from direct enforcement of e-commerce platforms to self-executing smart contracts in the blockchain – brings the ethics of law’s coercive nature out into the open. This development constitutes a new, and dangerous, grey area of conflict management, which calls for transparency and public debate on the ethical implications of dispute resolution technology.

If you feel ready to move from operational excellence to strategic leadership, the Executive MBA in Analytics from IIM Kashipur is your opportunity. With expert guidance from Nulearn, you gain clarity, structure, and confidence in your transformation journey.

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Elitekbf Team

Roald Amundsen

PD-US

Translation of Sydpolen.

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Herbert M. (Herbert Millingchamp) Vaughan

PD-US

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Flow-based optimization of products and devices is an immature field compared to the corresponding topology optimization based on solid mechanics. However, it is an essential part of component development with both internal and/or external flow. The aim of this book is two-fold: (i) to provide state-of-the-art examples of flow-based optimization and (ii) to present a review of topology optimization for fluid-based problems.

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Administrator

Marketing is mainly about generating leads to convert potential buyers into paying customers by creating the demand for a company’s products and services. However, you can say that it is not as easy as it sounds like. With various issues in-house marketers go through trying to create leads, many businesses are searching for several ways to get the results businesses to need. If you are one of those businesses, then consider hiring a Demand Generation Agency like iCumulus.

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Jannah Firdaus Mediapro

Creative Common

Allah SWT (God) has revealed The Noble Quran as a guide for mankind and jinn race (demon) until the end of time, giving us a guide to help us through hardship, depression and deep sadness. Some surahs and verse from The Noble Quran are valuable reading during depression and anxiety, as their meanings and messages can help alleviate stress and depression, plus improve our mental health and spiritual health healing insha Allah…..

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This book is a collection of 19 excellent works presenting different applications of several MATLAB tools that can be used for educational, scientific and engineering purposes. Chapters include tips and tricks for programming and developing Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), power system analysis, control systems design, system modelling and simulations, parallel processing, optimization, signal and image processing, finite different solutions, geosciences and portfolio insurance. Thus, readers from a range of professional fields will benefit from its content.