This volume offers a new history of Europe’s mid-20th century as seen through the lens of its recurrent refugee crises. The editors conceive of the two post-war eras as a single ‘forty years’ crisis’, enabling them not only to explore the continuities and disjunctures across the period but also to challenge established historiographical certainties and master narratives. The result is an indispensable research guide for students of migration, nationalism and international diplomacy in 20th-century Europe, and an up-to-date overview of current research for specialists.
Electrochemical energy storage is a key element of systems in a wide range of sectors, such as electro-mobility, portable devices, and renewable energy. The energy storage systems (ESSs) considered here are batteries, supercapacitors, and hybrid components such as lithium-ion capacitors. The durability of ESSs determines the total cost of ownership, the global impacts (lifecycle) on a large portion of these applications and, thus, their viability. Understanding ESS aging is a key to optimizing their design and usability in terms of their intended applications. Knowledge of ESS aging is also essential to improve their dependability (reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety). This Special Issue includes 12 research papers and 1 review article focusing on battery, supercapacitor, and hybrid capacitor aging.
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Dieser Band stellt drei wichtige und viel diskutierte Themen der gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung in Japan und Deutschland gegenüber und zeigt so Reformperspektiven für die deutsche Unfallversicherung auf. Hinsichtlich des Leistungsumfangs nimmt die Problematik der Wegeunfälle und der Berufskrankheiten eine zentrale Stellung ein, wobei für Japan ein Schwerpunkt auf den Regelungen der Asbestschäden liegt. Im Rahmen der Finanzierung wird vor dem Hintergrund des besonderen Umlageverfahrens in Japan die Einführung von Kapitaldeckungselementen in Deutschland diskutiert. Für das Thema der Rentenbemessung werden schließlich die schweizerischen Erfahrungen erörtert, da die Renten dort bereits konkret berechnet werden und so Anregungen für die deutsche Diskussion gewonnen werden können. Mit dieser Veröffentlichung soll ein Anstoß für die weitere rechtsvergleichende Diskussion um eine Neugestaltung der gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung gegeben werden.
Hawthorne struggled in vain to complete this fragment of a romance for more than twenty years. Based on an old English legend of a bloody footprint, it illuminates many of the themes Hawthorne touched on in his greatest works, as well as his methods of composition. It was published posthumously in 1883.
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The Ugric languages Mansi, Khanty and Hungarian form a branch of the Uralic language family which is mainly spread across North-Eastern Europe and Siberia. Other prominent languages of the Uralic family are e.g. Finnish, Saami and Estonian. The Ob-Ugric languages Mansi and Khanty are spoken in Western Siberia along the Ob’ river and its tributaries, thus they are referred to as Ob-Ugric. Their closest relative is Hungarian, spoken in Hungary and its neighboring countries. The status of the Khanty and Mansi languages is endangered: only 20% out of 8,000 ethnic Mansi and 30% out of 22,000 ethnic Khanty still speak their mother tongue, and there are nearly no monolingual speakers. In contrast, Hungarian is an official language of the European Union, spoken by about 15 million people. Hence, the status of literacy, language documentation and language education differs noticeably between Ob-Ugric and Hungarian.
From a typological point of view, the Ugric languages are basically so-called SOV languages, their morphology is mainly agglutinative, i.e. grammatical information is rather encoded with suffixes which are attached to the stem instead of using prepositions, pronouns or articles. The most accessible referent in a discourse is not overtly realized on the surface of the sentence. Its position remains empty (zero-anaphora). This is also revealed in rich paradigms of personal suffixes which are used instead. One set of personal suffixes is attached to nominal stems and called possessive suffixes. They are involved in the structure of so-called attributive possessive constructions in most Uralic languages. As revealed in their denomination, research on possessive suffixes in Ugric languages, as in most Uralic languages, has primarily viewed them in the light of their function as markers of possessive relations, traditionally referred to as their prototypical use.
The linguistic concept of possession seems to be universal. The notion of possession itself, though, is purely abstract and can only be understood as a »broader concept of association or relationship between two nouns«. While the definition is an abstract collective term, there is a broad consensus among linguists that certain prototypical meanings are covered by the concept of possession. These are: part-whole relations, kinship relations (both by blood and marriage), ownership relations as well as a fourth column covering all kinds of association in general (e.g. attribution, properties or orientation/location). The use of attributive possessive constructions is very frequent in most Uralic languages and, in a considerable amount of cases, a possessive reading of the relation is excluded, even in the most abstract interpretation of possession. Such cases, where the so-called prototypical use of possessive suffixes (i.e. denoting a possessive relation) fails to serve as an explanation, are frequently subsumed under the node of non-prototypical use and a secondary, non-possessive function is attributed to possessive suffixes. This secondary function is for instance likened to the properties of a definite article.
A profoundly influential figure in American psychology, William James (18421910) was also a philosopher of note, who used Charles S. Peirce's theories of pragmatism as a basis for his own conception of that influential philosophy. For James, this meant an emphasis on "radical empiricism" and the concept that the meaning of any idea philosophical, political, social, or otherwise has validity only in terms of its experiential and practical consequences. James propounded his theories of pragmatism in this book, one of the most important in American philosophy. In a sense, he wished to test competing systems of thought in the "marketplace of actual experience" to determine their validity, i.e. whether adopting a particular philosophical theory or way of looking at the world makes an actual difference in individual conduct or in how we perceive and react to the varieties of experience. In these pages, James not only makes a strong case for his own ideas, but mounts a powerful attack against the transcendental and rationalist tradition. For anyone interested in William James or the history of American philosophical thought, Pragmatism is an essential and thought provoking reference. In this handy, inexpensive edition, it will challenge and stimulate any thinking person.
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The Kenton family flees from Tuskingum, Ohio, to Europe seeking solace for daughter Ellen's broken heart. After experiencing foreign travel, urban living, and turn-of-the-century European mores, the family returns to a confined, but secure, life in their small village.
The term childbed presents is understood to mean gifts that were presented to the mothers of new-born babies in childbed. Presents for the new mother given for example during visits by relatives, friends and neighbours, initially consisted of food and drink. Later they could also include applied art objects. The custom of presenting childbed presents has a long tradition and still partially continues until today. In the present study, applied art objects which can be identified as childbed presents are analyzed and discussed in relation to their art historical development from the early modern period to the early 19th century. In regard to their cultural and historical context, questions about the form, content and function of these gifts will be investigated. In doing so a special field of early modern art and culture becomes accessible for the first time.Unter dem Begriff Kindbettgeschenke werden Gaben verstanden, die der Mutter nach der Geburt ihres Kindes im Wochenbett überreicht wurden. Im Rahmen von Besuchen brachten Verwandte, Freunde, Bekannte oder Nachbarn ein Geschenk für die frisch gewordene Mutter mit, das zunächst aus Speis und Trank bestand, mit der Zeit aber auch kunstgewerbliche Objekte umfassen konnte; auch verehrten Ehemänner ihren Gemahlinnen Kindbettgeschenke. Der Brauch, die Frau im Wochenbett zu beschenken, geht auf eine lange Tradition zurück, die zum Teil noch bis heute anhält. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden kunstgewerbliche Objekte als Kindbettgeschenke in ihrer kunstgeschichtlichen Entwicklung von der Frühen Neuzeit bis in das frühe 19. Jahrhundert ausführlich analysiert und kommentiert. Im Kontext ihrer kulturgeschichtlichen Voraussetzungen wird dabei vor allem der Frage nach Form, Inhalt und Funktion der Gaben nachgegangen, womit ein Sondergebiet der frühneuzeitlichen Kunst und Kultur erstmals umfassend erschlossen wird.
This work considers the behaviour of two nickel-base alloys under thermo-mechanical fatigue loading with varying phase angles between mechanical strain and temperature. The investigations focus on the characterisation of microstructures and damage mechanisms as a function of the phase angle. Based on the results, a life prediction model is proposed.
Although Charles Darwin predicted that his theory “would give zest to [...] metaphysics,” even he would be astonished at the variety of paths his theory has in fact taken. This holds with regard to both gene-Darwinism, a purified Darwinian approach biologizing the social sciences, and process- Darwinism found in the disciplines of psychology, philosophy of science, and economics. Although Darwinism is often linked to highly confirmed biological theories, some of its interpretations seem to profit from tautological claims as well, where scientific reputation cloaks ideological usage. This book discusses central tenets of Darwinism historically as well as systematically, for example the history of different Darwinian paradigms, the units-of-selection debate, and the philosophical problem of induction as basis of metaphysical Darwinism. Crucially the book addresses the Darwinian claim that evolution is governed by an immutable and unrelentingly cruel law of natural selection. Paradoxically, Darwin’s theory is a static, non-evolutionary theory of evolution. The current book sketches the historical background and provides suggestions that may help to replace this approach by the idea of an evolution of evolutionary mechanisms (see Escher’s “Drawing Hands” on the cover). This view even suggests a tendency to overcome the blindness of the knowledge acquisition of primordial Darwinian processes and allows for some freedom from external environments. This book first develops a radically Darwinian approach, then criticises this approach from within. Even Darwinism has a tendency to transcend itself. Although the book addresses several empirical issues, it does not challenge particular findings. Instead it builds on many insights of Darwinism and provides a proposal for interpreting known empirical evidence in a different light. It should help pave the way for further developing an understanding of nature that transcends Darwinian metaphysics.
The Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM) was inaugurated in 2008 and has successfully continued publishing, with Volume 13 in 2020. Since the journal was established, JRFM has published in excess of 580 topical and interesting theoretical and empirical papers in financial economics, financial econometrics, banking, finance, mathematical finance, statistical finance, accounting, decision sciences, information management, tourism economics and finance, international rankings of journals in financial economics, and bibliometric rankings of journals in cognate disciplines. Papers published in the journal range from novel technical and theoretical papers to innovative empirical contributions. The journal wishes to encourage critical review papers on topical subjects in any of the topics mentioned above in financial economics and in cognate disciplines.
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