= OSG I A ⑰ ODMUNA8 I Unit Inversions money : ReNGA : X1000 X 100 ⑰ ⑰ 1km = 1000m $ 1 = 1004 * ⑰ - 1000 100 x 100 ⑰ 1m = 100cm ⑲ MASS : 100 x 10 x 1000 ⑰ 1 cm = 10MM 19 10009 * 10 E 1000 x 100000 D LkM = 100 000 (M Xo l = 100000 volume 1 me = 1 cm3 NOte : Even though 1m = 100cm , x 1000 Im2 F 100cm2 1l = 1000 me Im3 F100(m3 (1m = 100(m) -> 1m2 = 10000cm 2 · = 1000 (1m = 100(m) -> 1m = 1000000cm volume of cube : length of cube : length x Length x Length 3) volume of cube Base are a volume of cuboid = Length x Breadth x Height Base are a volume Height of cuboid= Length x Breadth I volume Base area - volume : length = Breadth - volume : Breadth = Length volume Length of cuboid= Breadth x Height - volume : Height = Breadth - volume : Breadth = Height volume Breadth of cuboid= Length x Height - volume : Height = Length =volume : Length = Height Time x 60 A ⑰ X 60 60 * 1h = 60 min I In = 3600 seconds x 60 ⑰ = 68 I min= 50 seconds ⑰ = 68 12 hour clock 24 hour clock ~ must have ~ must have 1) Decimal point 4) 4 digits * must NOT have 2) a m or P M a m or P M 1 2 00 a M 00 00 1 00 a M 818 2 00 G M 3 00 a M 0300 4 00 a M 04 00 5 00 a M 05 O o 6 00 a M 7 00 a M 07 00 8 00 a M 08 00 9 00 a M 0900 10 00 a M 10 OO 1 1 00 a M 110O 1 2 00 P M 1200 1 00 P M 13 00 2 00 P M 1400 3 00 P M 1500 4 00 P M 1600 5 00 P M 1700 1800 6 00 P M 7 00 P M 19 00 8 00 P M 2 00 9 00 P M 2100 10 00 P M 22 00 1 1 00 P M 23 00 11 59 P M 23 59 Speed Time , Distance Distance = Speed x Time D 2 Speed : Distance S T Time 3 Time = Distance speed Note : change to equivalent units before using DST formulas Total distance 4 Average speed = Total time ↓ Include resting time Note : Average speed o speed 1 + speed 2 ↳ 2 This is a common mistake ! COMMOD distance HOW tO SPOt ? · when a person overtake If speed ratio = A : B another person then time ratio = B : A (condition : They start at the same points Or · when the people travel from the same start If time rati B : A point to the same end point common time If distance ratio - A : B then speed ratio : A : B Or If speed ratio = A : B then distance ratio = A : B Important facts about squares · Area of square : Length x length 2 Given area of square , to find length : Common errors : length of square : Area of square : 2 Length of square : Area of square : 4 M1 : M2 : - Are a Trial and error Example : Given area of square = 100cm2 L ↓ M1 : M2 : length = 1100cm2 Try 10 x 10 = 100 = IOCM 3 perimeter of square : 4 x Length Or Length + Length + length + length 4 450 458 culing the square diagonally into half will cut the 900 into half. become 450 Important facts about rectangles Length * Area of rectangle : Length x Breadth Breadth 2 Length of rectangle : Area of rectangle Breadth of rectangle 3 Breadth of rectangle : Area of rectangle length of rectangle 4 perimeter of rectangle : length + Length + Breadth + Breadth or 2 x length + 2x Breadth or 2 x (Length + Breadth) D ab - , a ↑ N 3 culing the rectangle diagonally into half will NOT cu+ the 900 into half Important facts about rhombus * All sides are equal in length 2 Diagonally opposite Is are equal a i 3 By interior angles , (a + (b = 1800 42 pairs of parallel lines 5 cutting the rhombus diagonally into half will cut the corner angle into half a bl - Eata bl In , a , ib , sa 6 There are 2 isosceless in a rhombus I - - I Note : Given length of diagonal is EQUAL to the length of side then there will then be 2 equilaterals in a rhombus otherwise , do not assume ! 7 Diagonals of rhombus bisect each other at 900 I - - I Important facts about triangles ↓ Area of : x Base x Height Base : Any side of a Height : a line that is perpendicular to the base can be a side of , inside the or outside the Tip : Decide on the base first as the height depends on the base Height -Base as S > L v Base Height Height 1938 Height I Base Height 7 BASe 2 sum of area of S with common height =Ix common height X combined base EXAMPle : Are a Of A+ B A B 33cm = Ix5(mx8cm - = 20 CM2 OCM 3 sum of area of S with common base =Ix common basex combined height Example : Area Of A + B A B GCM = EX10Cm X 6 (m = 30 (M IOCH ↑ perimeter of : sum of 3 sides 5 TYPCS Of : isosceles equilateral rig It angled right-angled scalene isosceles e a 600 i (D b) 160060 % d Y I 19b( Important facts about parallelogram ↓ opposite sides are equal ~ d 2 Diagonally opposite Is are C equA1 C >d / 3 By interior s L + (d = 1800 42 pairs of parallel lines 5 cutting the parallelogram diagonally into half will T cut the corner angle into half C d I e d C f >d / >d & L not IC ! 6 Diagonals of Parallelogram DO NOT bisect each other at 900 NO+ 90° ! Important facts about Trapezium > > · It is a 4-sided figure 2 ONLY 1 pair of parallel lines a ch (b > as By interior angles , (a + (b = 1800 ( + (d = 1800 3 Diagonally opposite Is are not equal ! La =(d Lb FLC 4 cannot assume (a and LC add up to 1800 cannot assume (d and Id add up to 1800 5(a + (b + x + (d = 3600 Important facts about circles Take nOte Of # : 22 * k = 7 Tips for this +opic : 2 = 3 14 · make sure you identify the correct radius diameter 3 leave in terms of use "cut-and-paste" 4 calculator value of it for irregular shapes (If question never say anything about i) Area of circle = itx radius x radius circumference of circle = x Diameter - Area of semicircle = =x xx radiusx radius perimeter of semicircle = Ex ExDiameter Diameter ↓ Area of quadrant : 1xxx radius x radius perimeter of quadrant = -x ExDiameter Diameter r ' 1, Area of I leaf (shaded part) Area of quadrant - Area of r Ex ix radiusxradius - -xradiusxradius r /II , Area of = Area of Square-Area of quadrant =radiusx radius - Ixxxradius x radius r Y Other angle properties La + (b = 1800 Adjacent Is on a straight line 97b add up to 1800 b (b vertically opposite S are equal <a) Alternate Is are equal Tip : spot for 'I' shape (a s (a + (b = 1800 Interior Is add up to 1880 jabs Tip : Spot for "C'Or'V' shape a corresponding Is are equal ~ A Tip : Spot'F' shape Is at a point add i sb Up +O 3600 (a + (b + ( + (d = 3600 C in * s sum of Is in a = 1800 (a + (b + L = 1800 Base LS Of isosceles ca as are equal 6 Each < in equilateral = 180" : 3 760060 % = 600 a sum of 2 interior Is in a (bc , 7d = 1 exterior (of a La + (b = (d Tip : spot for "flag" shape sum of Is in a quadrilateral (4-sided figure) = 360 place values million 93/2465 780 ↓ hundred thousand tenth thousandth v ten hundredth thousand L ten one hundred thousand North West East South North NorthWest 450458 45 Northeast I L I 745° West 450 (450 East W 45050 southeast southwest South S V 1 V 7 Clockwise anticlockwise Comparing Fractions : Ascending/increasing : small to big Descending/decreasing : Big to small I ways make all the fractions make all the fractions to the to the same denominator same numerator The fraction with the The fraction with the largest numerator is the largest denominator is the largest fraction smallest fraction The fraction with the The fraction with the smallest numerator is smallest denominator is the smallest fraction the largest fraction Example 1 Example 3 ↳ is smaller than eg I is bigger than's - - - - - - - - - - - i - I i ↳ - - T wil X - - Example 2 Example4 which is smaller ? I or ? which is bigger ? or ? = = I Ex = I e .. is bigger is smaller Equal numerators : A fraction of an item is equal to another fraction of another item · Example : - of What Ariel has is equal to of what Brian has B H = -A = F .. A : B 9 : 10 Numerators comparison A certain fraction of an item is move/less than a certain fraction of another item Example : I of Ariel's marbles is 10 more than I of Brian's marbles H A A A 14 10 lu 10 IU 10 B In 14 B B percentage x 100 FractionS/DeCiMalS [ % 100 in A 2 percentage I x 100 % in A Original A 3 percentage t = ↓ in A X 100 % in A original A I percentage I discount X 100 % discount original price Average 1 Average = TO+al value NO Of itemS 2 TO +91 Value = Average x No Of items Nets Of Cube I cube 6 square faces · 11 nets of cube you must know Nets of cuboid · 1 cuboid -6 rectangles or 4 rectangles + 2 squares some nets of cuboids you need to know - - -