| Quran 2:224 | Exodus 20:7 | Preface Shared Principles: A Handbook of Abrahamic Religions “The handbook would serve as a useful reference for individuals interested in exploring the similarities and shared values among the Abrahamic religions. It would highlight the enduring appeal of these texts across time and space, and their influence on human civilization for centuries. Additionally, the handbook would promote mutual understanding, respect, and tolerance among different faith traditions, and foster interfaith dialogue and cooperation.” MBKH This handbook is an endeavor to explore and highlight the commonalities among the Abrahamic religions – Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It delves into the shared principles and values reflected in their sacred texts, aiming to foster a deeper understanding of these faiths. Throughout history, these religions have not only coexisted but have also profoundly influenced human civilization, contributing to the rich tapestry of cultural, ethical, and spiritual life. The purpose of this handbook is not to diminish the unique aspects of each faith but to illuminate the shared heritage that binds them. It is a celebration of the common threads that weave through the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil, offering insights into their teachings, rituals, and the profound impact they have had on believers and societies alike. This work is presented with the hope that it will be a useful reference for those interested in understanding the shared values of the Abrahamic religions. By focusing on what unites these faiths, the handbook aspires to contribute to a world where mutual understanding, respect, and tolerance are not just ideals, but lived realities. It is a call to embrace our shared humanity, to recognize the wisdom in our collective heritage, and to work towards a future where interfaith dialogue and cooperation are the cornerstones of our coexistence. In publishing this handbook without any attribution to a specific author, publisher, or editor, we emphasize its universal and inclusive nature. It is a gift to all who seek knowledge and understanding, transcending individual ownership or recognition. We trust that this approach will prevent future disputes over the content and ensure that the focus remains on the message of unity and shared understanding that is so vital in our times. Let this handbook stand as a testament to the power of shared knowledge and the hope for a more harmonious world, where the commonalities in our beliefs pave the way for peace and understanding. --- End of Preface --- Acknowledgement I was unsure about if I chose a proper name for the handbook, so I’ll write a few possible suggestions for the name of the handbook here: • Shared Principles: A Handbook of Similar Excerpts from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil • Exploring Common Ground: A Guide to the Similar Excerpts of the Abrahamic Religions • Sacred Unity: A Handbook of Shared Beliefs and Values in the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil • The Abrahamic Handbook: A Compendium of Similar Excerpts from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil • Together in Faith: A Handbook of Common Principles in the Abrahamic Traditions • The Covenant Handbook: Shared Principles from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil. Contents in brief I. Introduction • Overview of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, focusing on their origins, key teachings, and sacred texts. • Purpose and scope of the handbook, explaining the approach to comparing the religions and the intended audience. • Introduction to the concept of Abrahamic religions, their common roots, and their distinct traditions. II. Shared Beliefs and Guidance • A comparative table showing similar excerpts from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil. • In - depth analysis of shared principles such as monotheism, ethical teachings, and the role of prophets, exploring how each religion interprets these concepts. III. Historical and Cultural Contexts • Exploration of the historical development of each religion, including key historical figures and events. • Discussion of the cultural and societal contexts in which these religions evolved and how they influenced each other. IV. Monotheism • Excerpts from each religion's texts emphasizing the belief in one God. • Comparative discussion on the concept of monotheism, its significance in each religion, and its impact on religious practices and worldviews. V. Prophets and Messengers • Compilation of references to prophets in each religion's scriptures, highlighting similarities and differences. • Analysis of the role of prophets in each tradition, their messages, and their significance in shaping religious beliefs. VI. Moral and Ethical Teachings • A collection of teachings from each religion's texts that address moral and ethical living. • Discussion on how these teachings guide adherents in aspects like kindness, justice, and integrity, and how they are interpreted and practiced in modern contexts. VII. Worship and Ritual Practices • Overview of worship practices and rituals common in the Abrahamic religions, with scriptural references. • Examination of how these practices originated, their evolution over time, and their current forms and significance. VIII. Community and Social Responsibility • Passages from religious texts underscoring the importance of community support and social justice. • Exploration of how these teachings influence community involvement, charitable acts, and social reform initiatives within each faith. IX. Perspectives on Contemporary Issues • Analysis of each religion's stance on contemporary issues like gender roles, environmental stewardship, and technology. • Discussion on the challenges and opportunities these modern issues present to traditional religious teachings. X. Lesser - Known Shared Aspects • Examination of mystical traditions, lesser - known prophets, and shared eschatological views across the religions. • Insight into how these aspects contribute to a deeper understanding of the common heritage and divergent paths of these faiths. XI. Belief in the Afterlife • Scriptural excerpts detailing beliefs about the afterlife, including heaven, hell, judgment, and salvation. • Comparative analysis of these beliefs, their theological underpinnings, and their impact on religious and ethical behavior. XII. Scholarly Perspectives and Analysis • Contributions from theologians and scholars, offering diverse interpretations and analyses of shared religious texts. • Examination of linguistic nuances, historical contexts, and theological debates surrounding these scriptures. XIII. Community Voices and Personal Insights • Personal narratives and experiences from followers of each faith, providing a human perspective on religious teachings and practices. • Reflections on how shared principles are lived out in daily life and their personal significance. XIV. Interfaith Dialogue and Practical Application • Guidelines and strategies for effective interfaith dialogue, emphasizing respect, understanding, and shared learning. • Case studies and examples of successful interfaith initiatives and cooperative efforts. XV. Study and Discussion Guides • Questions and activities to accompany each section, designed for individual reflection or group discussion. • Educational resources for teachers, community leaders, and study groups to facilitate engagement with the material. XVI. Conclusion • Summarization of key insights, emphasizing the value of understanding shared principles for fostering interfaith harmony. • Reflective thoughts on the ongoing relevance of these teachings in promoting a more tolerant and peaceful world. • A call to action for continued dialogue and cooperation among followers of these religions. Each section of the handbook would include a table with several similar excerpts from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil, as well as a discussion of the shared principles and values that underlie those excerpts. The handbook would serve as a valuable resource for individuals interested in exploring the similarities and shared values among the Abrahamic religions, and promote mutual understanding, respect, and tolerance among different faith traditions. Introduction The Abrahamic religions – Judaism, Christianity, and Islam – are bound together by a rich tapestry of shared history, foundational beliefs, and deeply intertwined origins. At their core, these faiths are united by their reverence for the patriarch Abraham, a seminal figure whose legacy shapes their spiritual narratives. Despite the diversity in their theological doctrines, ritual practices, and cultural expressions, these religions reveal a profound kinship through their holy scriptures: the Tawrat (Torah), revered in Judaism; the Injil (Gospels), central to Christianity; and the Suhuf Ibrahim, significant in Islam, alongside the Quran. These sacred texts not only chronicle the spiritual heritage shared by these faiths but also echo a resonant theme of ethical teachings, moral imperatives, and guiding principles for life. This handbook, "Shared Principles: A Handbook of Abrahamic Religions," is an endeavor to delve into these interwoven threads of unity, exploring and elucidating the similarities that bridge these seemingly distinct religious landscapes. Our journey traverses the rich terrain of monotheism, the veneration of prophets, moral and ethical guidance, worship and ritual practices, and the crucial role of community and social responsibility, as laid out in the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil. By meticulously presenting and comparing similar excerpts from these texts, this handbook aims to illuminate the shared beliefs, values, and teachings that form the bedrock of these religious traditions. In undertaking this comparative exploration, the handbook seeks to serve a dual purpose. Firstly, it is an educational resource for individuals keen to deepen their understanding of the Abrahamic religions, offering insights into the commonalities that transcend religious boundaries. Secondly, and perhaps more importantly, it is a tool to foster interfaith dialogue, understanding, and peaceful coexistence. In a world often riven by religious misunderstandings and conflicts, this handbook aspires to be a beacon of enlightenment, promoting mutual respect, empathy, and a shared sense of humanity among followers of these faiths. As you journey through the pages of this handbook, you are invited to reflect on the profound wisdom encapsulated in these ancient texts, to appreciate the rich tapestry of shared heritage, and to contemplate the possibilities for harmony and understanding in a diverse yet interconnected world. Whether you are a scholar, a student, a seeker of knowledge, or simply a curious mind, "Shared Principles: A Handbook of Abrahamic Religions" is your companion in exploring the timeless and universal messages that these great religions of the world bring to us all. Shared Beliefs and Guidance This section of the handbook is dedicated to exploring the profound connections in the beliefs and teachings of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Through comparative analysis, we uncover the shared threads that weave through the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil. Our approach is twofold: firstly, we present a comprehensive table that juxtaposes similar excerpts from these sacred texts; secondly, we delve into an in - depth analysis of these shared principles, exploring the nuances of interpretation and practice within each religion. Comparative Table of Similar Excerpts THEME SUHUF IBRAHIM (QURANIC REFERENCE) TAWRAT (TORAH) ZABUR (PSALMS) INJIL (GOSPELS) MONOTHEISM "He is Allah, [who is] One" (Quran 112:1) "Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one" (Deuteronomy 6:4) "Know that the Lord, He is God" (Psalm 100:3) "The Lord our God, the Lord is one" (Mark 12:29) PROPHETS "And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger" (Quran 16:36) "I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers" (Deuteronomy 18:18) "He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old" (Psalm 105:15) "For all the Prophets and the Law prophesied until John" (Matthew 11:13) ETHICAL TEACHINGS "And speak to people good [words]" (Quran 2:83) "You shall not steal, nor deal falsely, nor lie to one another" (Leviticus 19:11) "Depart from evil, and do good" (Psalm 34:14) "Do to others as you would have them do to you" (Luke 6:31) COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY "And cooperate in righteousness and piety" (Quran 5:2) "You shall love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18) "Blessed is he who considers the poor" (Psalm 41:1) "For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat" (Matthew 25:35) AFTERLIFE BELIEFS "But they who believe and do righteous deeds - those are the companions of Paradise" (Quran 2:82) "It will go well with those who fear God" (Ecclesiastes 8:12) "Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life" (Psalm 23:6) "In my Father's house are many mansions" (John 14:2) Analysis of Shared Principles • Monotheism : Central to all three religions is the belief in a single, all - powerful God. This belief shapes their understanding of the universe, morality, and human purpose. The nuances in their understanding of God's nature and attributes offer a rich area for comparative theological study. • Role of Prophets : Prophets are revered across these faiths as messengers who guide humanity towards righteousness. While each religion has its unique prophets, figures like Abraham, Moses, and David are universally acknowledged, providing a shared narrative of divine guidance. • Ethical Teachings : The ethical frameworks in these texts share many similarities, emphasizing virtues like honesty, kindness, and justice. These shared ethics form the moral backbone of societies influenced by these religions and underscore a common humanistic perspective. • Community and Social Responsibility : All three religions underscore the importance of caring for the needy and promoting social justice. This shared emphasis on community responsibility reflects a deep concern for societal well - being and the upliftment of the less fortunate. • Afterlife Beliefs : The concept of an afterlife where deeds are rewarded or punished is common across these faiths. This belief in divine justice serves as a moral compass for adherents, guiding their actions and decisions in the worldly life. Through this comparative study, we not only appreciate the distinctiveness of each tradition but also recognize the profound interconnectedness of these Abrahamic faiths. Their shared principles provide a foundation for mutual understanding and respect, highlighting the universal values that unite us in our diverse expressions of faith. Monotheism Monotheism, the belief in a single, all - powerful deity, is a cornerstone of the Abrahamic religions. This section illuminates the concept of monotheism as presented in the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil, underscoring its central importance in these faith traditions. Through a comparative analysis of scriptural excerpts, we explore how monotheism is expressed and the various facets of this belief as they appear in each religion. Comparative Table of Monotheistic Excerpts THEME SUHUF IBRAHIM (QURANIC REFERENCE) TAWRAT (TORAH) ZABUR (PSALMS) INJIL (GOSPELS) AFFIRMATION OF ONE GOD "He is God, the One and Only" (Quran 112:1) "You shall have no other gods before me" "I am the Lord, and there is no other; apart from me there "The Lord our God, the Lord is one" (Mark (Exodus 20:3) is no God" (Isaiah 45:5) 12:29) Further Analysis of Monotheism in Abrahamic Texts • Worshiping Only One God : Central to all three faiths is the belief that only one God exists and deserves worship. This God is seen as the creator and sustainer of the universe. • References: Quran 112:1 - 4, Exodus 20:3, Deuteronomy 6:4, Mark 12:29. • Rejecting Polytheism : Each of these religions explicitly rejects the worship of multiple gods, emphasizing the singularity of the divine being. • References: Psalm 96:4, 1 Corinthians 8:4, Quran 21:22, Isaiah 44:6. • God as the Only Source of Guidance : The texts assert that true guidance can only come from this one God, who directs humanity on a path of righteousness and wisdom. • References: Quran 17:36, Psalm 25:5, James 1:17. • Acknowledging God's Unity and Power : The scriptures emphasize the unity and unmatched power of God, portraying Him as the ultimate sovereign. • References: Deuteronomy 7:9, Colossians 1:17, Quran 59:22 - 24, Psalm 115:3. • Gratitude to God : Believers are encouraged to recognize God's blessings and express gratitude for His benevolence and mercy. • References: Quran 14:7, Psalm 95:2, 1 Thessalonians 5:18. • Fear of God : A reverential fear of God is promoted as a motivator for righteous living and avoidance of sin. • References: Proverbs 1:7, Quran 59:18, 2 Corinthians 7:1. • Submission to God's Will : The texts advocate for complete surrender to God's will, acknowledging His supreme authority over all aspects of life. • References: Quran 2:112, Romans 12:1, Psalm 37:5. • Humility Before God : The scriptures teach the importance of humility before God, recognizing human limitations and dependence on divine grace. • References: Quran 22:34, James 4:10, Psalm 25:9. • Repentance and Seeking Forgiveness : Emphasis is placed on the recognition of one's sins and the seeking of forgiveness from God, who is merciful and forgiving. • References: Quran 39:53, Psalm 51:4, 1 John 1:9. • Seeking God's Guidance and Forgiveness : Followers are encouraged to seek God's guidance and forgiveness through prayer and supplication, highlighting the personal relationship between the individual and the divine. • References: Quran 2:186, Matthew 6:12, Psalm 86:5. These shared aspects of monotheism in the Abrahamic religions illustrate a profound emphasis on the relationship between the individual and the one true God. They highlight not only a theological alignment but also a shared spiritual approach to understanding and relating to the divine. Prophets The role of prophets in the Abrahamic religions is profound and pivotal. Prophets are regarded as God’s messengers, entrusted with delivering His teachings to humanity. This section highlights the significance of prophets in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam through an exploration of scriptural references from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil. Comparative Table of References to Prophets THEME SUHUF IBRAHIM (QURANIC REFERENCE) TAWRAT (TORAH) ZABUR (PSALMS) INJIL (GOSPELS) SENDING OF MESSENGERS "And to every nation We sent messengers" (Quran 16:36) "I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their fellow Israelites" (Deuteronomy 18:18) "We sent before you messengers to their people" (Psalm 25:1 - 2) "All the prophets testify about him that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name" (Acts 10:43) UNIVERSAL PROPHETHOOD "And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger" (Quran 16:36) "God spoke to Moses and said to him, 'I am the Lord'" (Exodus 6:2) "He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old" (Psalm 105:15) "For all the Prophets and the Law prophesied until John" (Matthew 11:13) Analysis of Prophetic Roles and Duties in Abrahamic Texts • Belief in Prophets : A foundational belief in all three religions is the acknowledgment of prophets as a source of divine guidance. • References: Quran 4:163, Isaiah 41:9 - 10, Matthew 23:34. • Honoring and Respecting Prophets : The scriptures across these faiths emphasize the importance of respecting and honoring prophets, recognizing their crucial role in conveying God’s message. • References: Quran 4:152, Deuteronomy 34:10, Matthew 10:41. • Following Prophetic Teachings : Adherents are encouraged to follow the teachings and examples of prophets as a pathway to a righteous and fulfilling life. • References: Quran 3:164, Deuteronomy 18:15, 1 Peter 2:21. • Recognition of Key Prophets : Significant figures like Abraham, Moses, and Jesus are acknowledged in all three religions, highlighting shared narratives and teachings. • References: Quran 19:54 (Abraham), Exodus 20:12 (Moses), Luke 11:49 (Jesus). • Special Reverence for Abraham : Abraham is revered as a patriarch in the Abrahamic religions, recognized for his faith and obedience to God. • References: Quran 2:124, Genesis 12:1 - 3, John 8:56. • Acknowledgment of Moses : Moses is a central figure, especially in Judaism and Islam, revered for his leadership and role in receiving the Torah. • References: Quran 19:51, Exodus 3:10 - 14, Matthew 8:4. • Belief in Jesus : Christianity centralizes Jesus as the Messiah and God’s messenger, while Islam and Judaism recognize him as an important prophet. • References: Quran 3:45 - 47, Isaiah 9:6, John 5:46. • Acceptance of Muhammad : In Islam, Muhammad is regarded as the final prophet, completing the lineage of prophethood. • References: Quran 33:40, Deuteronomy 18:18. This analysis demonstrates the central role of prophets in the Abrahamic faiths. They are not only pivotal figures in religious history but also sources of guidance, moral instruction, and inspiration for believers today. Their teachings continue to resonate, emphasizing the timeless relevance of their messages in contemporary contexts. Moral and Ethical Teachings Moral and ethical teachings form the bedrock of guidance in the Abrahamic religions, offering pathways to living a righteous and fulfilling life. This section delves into the teachings from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil, highlighting their profound guidance on ethical living. Comparative Table of Moral and Ethical Teachings VIRTUE SUHUF IBRAHIM (QURANIC REFERENCE) TAWRAT (TORAH) ZABUR (PSALMS) INJIL (GOSPELS) KINDNESS "And do good; indeed, Allah loves the doers of good" (Quran 2:195) "Love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18) "Blessed is he who is kind to the needy" (Proverbs 19:17) "For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat" (Matthew 25:40) JUSTICE "Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice" (Quran 4:58) "Follow justice and justice alone" (Deuteronomy 16:20) "He who walks with integrity, and works righteousness" (Psalm 15:2) "Do to others as you would have them do to you" (Luke 6:31) HONESTY "And do not conceal testimony, for whoever conceals it - his heart is indeed sinful" (Quran 2:283) "Do not steal. Do not lie. Do not deceive one another" (Leviticus 19:11) "He who walks with integrity, and speaks truth in his heart" (Psalm 15:2) "Let your 'Yes' be 'Yes,' and your 'No,' 'No'" (Matthew 5:37) HUMILITY "And the servants of the Most Merciful are those who walk upon the earth in humility" (Quran 25:63) "Walk humbly with your God" (Micah 6:8) "A man's pride will bring him low, but a humble spirit will obtain honor" (Proverbs 29:23) "Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth" (Matthew 5:5) FORGIVENESS "And let them pardon and overlook. Would you not like that Allah should forgive you?" (Quran 24:22) "Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against anyone among your people, but love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18) "Who forgives all your iniquity, who heals all your diseases" (Psalm 103:3) "For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you" (Matthew 6:14) CHARITY "Those who spend their wealth [in Allah's way] by night and by day, secretly and publicly - they will have their reward with their Lord" (Quran 2:274) "Give generously to them and do so without a grudging heart" (Deuteronomy 15:10) "He has distributed freely; he has given to the poor" (Psalm 112:9) "Sell your possessions and give to the poor" (Luke 12:33) SELF - CONTROL "And those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, and when they are angry, they forgive" (Quran 42:37) "Do not let your heart envy sinners, but always be zealous for the fear of the Lord" (Proverbs 23:17) "Who keeps his tongue from evil and his lips from speaking deceit" (Psalm 34:13) "But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, forbearance, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self - control" (Galatians 5:22 - 23) GRATITUDE "And remember when your Lord proclaimed: 'If you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favor]'" (Quran 14:7) "Give thanks to the Lord, for he is good; his love endures forever" (Psalm 107:1) "Enter his gates with thanksgiving and his courts with praise; give thanks to him and praise his name" (Psalm 100:4) "And whatever you do, whether in word or deed, do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him" (Colossians 3:17) In - Depth Exploration of Ethical Principles • Kindness and Compassion : Acts of kindness, especially towards those in need, are highly emphasized across all scriptures, reflecting a universal value in treating others with empathy and compassion. • Justice and Fairness : Justice is regarded as a divine command, with each tradition urging its followers to practice fairness and equity in their dealings with others. • Honesty and Integrity : Truthfulness and sincerity are upheld as vital ethical standards, with dishonesty and deception strongly discouraged. • Humility : Humility is portrayed as a virtue across these texts, highlighting the importance of modesty and a humble demeanor in one's spiritual journey. • Forgiveness : A forgiving attitude is encouraged, advocating for reconciliation and understanding over vengeance and grudges. • Charity and Generosity : Giving to the needy and performing acts of charity are central tenets, seen as expressions of faith and compassion. • Self - Control and Moderation : These scriptures promote self - discipline and control over one's desires and impulses, advocating for a balanced and temperate lifestyle. • Gratitude : Expressing gratitude, both to God and to others, is a recurring theme, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and appreciating blessings. These shared moral and ethical teachings, deeply embedded in the Abrahamic religions, offer timeless wisdom and guidance. They serve as a reminder of the common ethical ground shared by these faiths, promoting a life of virtue, compassion, and righteousness. Worship and Ritual Practices The Abrahamic religions emphasize the importance of community engagement and social responsibility, advocating for compassion, justice, and support for the less fortunate. This section compares teachings from the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil, showcasing the emphasis each places on caring for others and contributing positively to society. Comparative Table of Community and Social Responsibility Teachings PRINCIPLE SUHUF IBRAHIM (QURANIC REFERENCE) TAWRAT (TORAH) ZABUR (PSALMS) INJIL (GOSPELS) CARING FOR THE LESS FORTUNATE "And in their wealth is a recognized right for the needy and the deprived" (Quran 70:24 - 25) "Leave them for the poor and the foreigner" (Leviticus 19:9 - 10) "Blessed is he who considers the poor" (Psalm 41:1) "For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat" (Matthew 25:35) SOCIAL JUSTICE "O you who have believed, stand firmly for justice" (Quran 4:135) "Do not pervert justice; do not show partiality to the poor or favoritism to the great" (Leviticus 19:15) "Defend the weak and the fatherless; uphold the cause of the poor and the oppressed" (Psalm 82:3) "Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness" (Matthew 5:6) HELPING THOSE IN NEED "They ask you what they should spend. Say: 'Whatever you spend of good is for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveler'" (Quran 2:215) "When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap to the very edges of your field" (Leviticus 23:22) "Who executes justice for the oppressed; who gives food to the hungry" (Psalm 146:7) "Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you" (Matthew 5:42) FORGIVENESS AND COMPASSION "Take what is given freely, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the ignorant" (Quran 7:199) "Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against anyone among your people, but love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18) "He does not treat us as our sins deserve or repay us according to our iniquities" (Psalm 103:10) "If you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you" (Matthew 6:14) KINDNESS AND RESPECT "Speak to people in the best way" (Quran 2:83) "If you sell land to any of your own people or "Blessed are those who act justly, who "Do to others as you would have them do to you" (Luke buy land from them, do not take advantage of each other" (Leviticus 25:14) always do what is right" (Psalm 106:3) 6:31) VALUING HUMAN LIFE "Whoever saves one life, it is as if he had saved mankind entirely" (Quran 5:32) "Do not stand idly by while your neighbor's blood is shed" (Leviticus 19:16) - "Whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers and sisters of mine, you did for me" (Matthew 25:40) Analysis of Teachings on Community and Social Responsibility • Caring for the Less Fortunate : All religions emphasize the moral duty to support those in need, advocating for charity and kindness towards the less fortunate, orphans, and travelers. • Social Justice : The scriptures call for justice in society, urging believers to advocate for the rights of the oppressed and marginalized, and to work towards equitable treatment for all. • Helping Those in Need : The texts encourage active support for those in need, not just in terms of charity but also in ensuring fair treatment and access to resources. • Forgiveness and Compassion : A common theme across these religions is the importance of forgiveness and compassion in interpersonal relationships, emphasizing tolerance and understanding. • Kindness and Respect : Treating others with kindness and respect, as one would like to be treated, is a core teaching, reflecting a universal ethical principle. • Valuing Human Life : The sanctity of human life is a fundamental concept, with teachings that emphasize the importance of preserving and respecting life. These shared principles of community and social responsibility highlight the profound ethical commonalities among the Abrahamic religions. They underscore a collective moral responsibility to contribute positively to the welfare of society, to engage in acts of kindness and justice, and to treat others with dignity and respect. These teachings remain relevant today, continuing to guide believers in their daily interactions and societal engagements. The Afterlife The concept of an afterlife is a pivotal aspect of the Abrahamic religions. This section explores how the Suhuf Ibrahim, Tawrat, Zabur, and Injil each describe the afterlife, focusing on the themes of judgment, paradise, hell, and the moral imperatives for preparation in this life for the life hereafter. Comparative Table of Afterlife Teachings ASPECT SUHUF IBRAHIM (QURANIC REFERENCE) TAWRAT (TORAH) ZABUR (PSALMS) INJIL (GOSPELS) JUDGMENT DAY "That Day, people will depart separated [into categories] to be shown [the result of] their deeds" (Quran 99:6 - 7) "Multitudes who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake: some to everlasting life, others to shame and everlasting contempt" (Daniel 12:2) "He will judge the world in righteousness and the peoples with equity" (Psalm 98:9) "When the Son of Man comes in his glory... He will separate the people one from another" (Matthew 25:31 - 32) PARADISE "But those who feared their Lord will have gardens beneath which rivers flow" (Quran 47:15) - "The righteous will inherit the land and dwell in it forever" (Psalm 37:29) "In my Father's house are many rooms... I am going there to prepare a place for you" (John 14:2) HELL "But as for him who is given his record in his left hand, he will say, 'Oh, I wish I had not been given my record'" (Quran 69:25) - - "Then he will say to those on his left, 'Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels'" (Matthew 25:41) PREPARATION FOR THE AFTERLIFE "And fear a Day when you will be returned to Allah. Then every soul will be compensated for what it earned, and they will not be treated unjustly" (Quran 2:281) "Follow my decrees and be careful to obey my laws, and you will live safely in the land" (Leviticus 25:18) "Teach me to do your will, for you are my God; may your good Spirit lead me on level ground" (Psalm 143:10) "But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven... For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also" (Matthew 6:20 - 21) Analysis of Afterlife Beliefs