SCIENCE PHYSICS CH - 10 LIGHT(REFLECTION OF LIGHT) 1. Magnification of a mirror is ‘ — 1’. What type of mirror is it? What is the position of object and image? Give the nature of image. 2. Name the type of mirror used: - as a reflector in search light (iii) by the dentist as side view mirror in vehicles. (iv) as a shaving mirror 3. An object is held at 30cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 15cm. At what distance from the convex mirror should a plane mirror be held so that images in the two i mages coincide with each other? 4. (a) A ray of light strikes the mirror at an angle of 20 0 What is the angle of reflection? (b) Give the angle of incidence and reflection for normal incidence. 5. A candle is kept in front of plane mirror at distance of 15 cm. What is distance between candle & its image? 6. Radius of curvature of a mirror is +24cm. Name the kind of mirror and give the characteristics of the image formed by it. 7. An arrow 2.5cm high is placed at a distance of 25 cm from a diverging mirror of focal length 20 cm. find the nature, position and size of the image formed 8. The image formed by a convex mirror of focal length 30 cm is a quarter of the object, what is the distance of object from the mirror? 9. An erect image 3 times the size of the object is obtained with a concave mirror of radius of curvature 36 cm. calculate the position of the object. 1 0. Find the position, nature and size of the image of an object 3 cm high placed at a distance of 9 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. 11. A 4.5 cm needle is placed 12 cm away from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Give the location of the image and the magnification. Describe what happens as the needle is moved farther from the mirror. 12. An convergin g mirror of focal length 20cm forms an image which is two times the size of the object. Calculate two possible distances of the object from the mirror. CHEMISTRY CH - 1 CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS Q 1. Why do we store silver chloride in dark colored bottles? Explain in brief. Q2. What happens when an iron nail is put inside the copper sulphate solution? Write a reaction with observation. Q3. A white solid X on keeping in sunlight changes to grey element Y .Identify X & Y and type of reaction .Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Q4. When Hydrogen gas is passed over heated copper (II) oxide, copper and steam are formed. Write the balanced chemical equation with physical states for this reaction. State what kind of chemical reaction is this? Q5.(i) When a metal X is added to salt solution of a metal Y following chemical reaction takes place Metal X + Salt solution of Y →Salt s olution of X + Metal Y (ii)Mention the interference you draw regarding the reactivity of metal X and Y and also about the type of reaction. State the reason of your conclusions. Q6. What can be seen when a strip of copper is placed in a solution of silver nitrate? Q7. Can oxidation or reduction take place alone? Why or why not? What are such reactions called? Q8. Which colour fumes are evolved when lead nitrate is heated? Write an equation and name the gas evolved. Q9. Translate the following statements i nto chemical equations and balance them: (i)Potassium chlorate (KCIO 3 ) on heating forms potassium chloride and oxygen. (ii) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia. (iii) Ammonia gas reacts with water to give ammonium hydroxide. (iv) Zinc carbonate decomposes to give zinc oxide and carbon dioxide . Q10. What type of chemical reactions take place when: (a)Limestone is heating? (b)A magnesium wire is burnt in air? (c)Electricity is passed through water? (d)Ammonia and hydrogen chlo ride are mixed? (e)Silver bromide is exposed to sunlight? Q11. A student dropped few pieces of marble in dilute hydrochloric acid contained in a test tube. The evolved gas was then passed through lime water. What change would be observed in lime water? Wri te balanced chemical equations for both the changes observed? BIOLOGY CHAPTER - 6 LIFE PROCESSES TOPIC - DIGESTION AND RESPIRATION 1. (a) Name the process by which autotrophs prepare town food. (b) List the three events which occur during this process. (c) State two sources from which plants obtain nitrogen for the synthesis of proteins and other compounds. 2. Explain the role of HCl in our stomach. 3. In human alimentary canal, name the site of complete digestion of various components of food. Explain the process of digestion. 4. Why is the small intestine in herbivores longer in carnivores? 5. Describe fat digestion in human body and the organ where it occurs. 6. What is the significance of emulsification of fats? 7. Give labelled Diagrams for the following. a. Digestive system of man. b. Structure of Stomata. 8. When a person put food in his mouth, then teeth cut it into small pieces, chew and grind it. The glands A in the mouth secrete a substance B which is mixed by the tongue. The substance B contains an enzyme C which start the digestion of food in the mouth. The slightly digested food from the mouth go down to a tube D. the special type of movement E in the wall of tube D push the food into stomach for further dige stion. The stomach walls secrete gastric juice containing these substance F, G, and H. one of the function of F is to kill bacteria which may enter the stomach with food. The substance G protects the inside layer of stomach from damaging effect of substanc e F whereas substance H is an enzyme for digestion. The partially digested food then enters into small intestine for further digestion. a) What is (i) gland A (ii) substance B, (iii) enzyme C? b) Name the tube D. c) What is the movement E known as? d) What are (i) F (ii) G, and (iii) H? 9. A unicellular organism P having no fixed shape ingests a food particle by forming temporary finger - like projection Q. The food particle is engulfed with a little surrounding water to form a little temporary stomach R inside it. The chemical S from the surrounding cytoplasm enter into R and breakdown food into small and soluble molecules by chemical reactions. The digested food is absorbed directly into cytoplasm by the process T. the undigested food is thrown out of the body by the r upture of a cell organelle U in a process called V. a. Name the unicellular organism P. b. Name the chemical S and process T. c. Name the organelle U and process V. d. What are Q and R. e. Show the mechanism of digestion of food particle with the help of a well labelled diagram. 10. Explain the process by which inhalation occurs during breathing in human beings? 11. Give differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. 12. How is ‘respiration’ different from ‘breathing’? 13. What is the advantage of terrestrial organisms over aquatic organisms for obtaining oxygen for respiration? 14. How are lungs designed to maximize area for gaseous exchange? 15. Give labelled Diagrams for Respiratory system of man. 16. An organism X having breathing organs A lives on land. When organism X goes under water, if cannot survive for a long time unless carrying an oxygen cylinder. On the other hand, the organism Y having breathing organ B always lives in water and if taken out of water, it dies after a short while. A third organism Z h aving breathing organs C and D which lives on the banks of ponds, lakes and rivers can survive on land as well as in water equally well. A) What could organism X be? name the breathing organs A. B) What could organism Y be? name the breathing organs B. C) What cou ld organism Z be? name the breathing organs C and D. D) Out of X, Y and Z, which organism is (i) amphibian, (ii) aquatic, and (iii) terrestrial? 17. Consider the following chemical reactions which takes place in different organism/tissues under various condit ions: i) Glucose respiration ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy ii) Glucose respiration water + carbon dioxide + energy iii) Glucose respiration lactic acid + energy Answer the following - a) Name one organism which respires according to equation (i) above. b) Name one organism which respires according to equation (ii) above. c) When and where does respiration represented by equation (iii) above take place? d) Which equation/equations represent aerobic respiration? e) Which of the above e quation produces the maximum amount of energy? 18. Write the main differences between respiration in plants and respiration in animals. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Question. 1 Select the correct statement (a) Heterotrophs do not synthesize their own food (b) Heterotrophs utilize solar energy for photosynthesis (c) Heterotrophs synthesize their own food (d) Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water carbohydrates Question.2 Which is the correct sequence of parts in human alimentary canal? (a) Mouth → Stomach → Small intestine → Oesophagus → Large intestine (b) Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Large intestine → Small intestine (c) Mouth → Stomach → Oesophagus → Small intestine → Large intestine (d) Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomac h → Small intestine → Large intestine Question. 3 If salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva, which of the following events in the mouth cavity will be affected? (a) Proteins breaking down into amino acids (b) Starch breaking down into sugars (c) Fats br eaking down into fatty acids and glycerol (d) Absorption of vitamins Question. 4 A few drops of iodine solution were added to rice water. The solution turned blue - black in colour. This indicates that rice water contains (a) Complex proteins (b) Simple prot eins (c) Fats (d) Starch Question. 5 In which part of the alimentary canal food is finally digested? (a) Stomach (b) Mouth cavity (c) Large intestine (d) Small intestine Question.6 Choose the function of the pancreatic juice from the following (a) Trypsin digests proteins and lipase carbohydrates (b) Trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase proteins (c) Trypsin and lipase digest fats (d) Trypsin digests proteins and lipase digests emulsified fats droplets Question. 7 When air is blown from mouth i nto a test - tube containing lime water, the lime water turned milky due to the presence of (a) Oxygen (b) Carbon dioxide (c) Nitrogen (d) Water vapour Question. 8 The correct sequence of anaerobic reactions in yeast is Question. 9 Which of the following is most appropriate for aerobic respiration? Question.10 Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation? (a) Nostrils → Larynx Pharynx → Trachea → Lungs (b) Nasal passage → Trachea → Pharynx → Larynx → Alveoli (c) Larynx → Nostrils → Pharynx → Lungs (d) Nostrils → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Alveoli Note: Read the chapter - 6 Life processes till topic respiration