SAVU9AS NVHIVNOT ONV uooruu3r3dl lvH9NlNNn)HVUVS l rou-cnc HllM )OOE ,SINSGNIS uSddn Stvtct3lAluSrNl DNtrnl I .==;-.:=€€ffireW% o1 Pastandpresent forms verb Relationships Friendship Listening:Your pastand Dresent GETTINGON Usesof auxiliary verbs Wordspot:gef Reading:Creat sibling page05 rivalries Listening:Characteristics of a good friend , , o2 Reading:Happiness:facts UPSAND DOWNS page 16 *;iir,T:-:;'""., feel good "1i, and mlrths Listening:Things that make you feel good j o3 Narrativetenses Continuousaspectin Mishaps C r i m ea n d p u n i s h m e n t Readingand [istening: News articles IT ALLWENT WRONG other tenses Headtines page 25 o4 YOURMIND Useandnon-useofthe passive PassiVeformswith Mentalskitls Wordspot:mrnd Personal characteristics Listening:MentaIski[[s Reading:W_hat personality? shapesour 'l page35 haveor get o5 Reviewof future forms More complexquestion Cettingtogether Coltoquia[ [anguage Reading:We may have 750 friendsonline,but FACETO FACE forms we're lonely page46 Listening:Onlinedating o6 **,:,"r Perfecttenses Human achievements Moreaboutthe Present Wordspot:/rrst BIGIDEAS perfectsimpleand page56 continuous Study,Practice & Remember page131,Audioscriptspage167,lrregularverb listpage179 r.-tr Bu;1ead5 qsel 'spronrr osotlllequrauou Bu1ua1s11:uol1eredal4 8VL a8ed 'Z saoreq Bunsu6 auuerBord suottrsanbul LvL aled af,rtrerdt ,(pnrS 'L :elnllnf Pllo/v\ nf e roj eePrue luosojd su.uo1 Buo.tlspuelea/l 97; a8ed a)lperdB ,{pnrs eBessauu 1osad,{1:tu;l;.r/y\ auoqdalal 57; a8ed 'spromeseqltaquaua1 qlgrur aql uo sr-ualqord Burlead5:1se1 yyy aBed'Z arperd t ,(PnrS 3u11ea6 :3u11eed5 Burualsrl:uogleredel4 suollsanD Pue 'L e ue16 en;1e3en3uel ,(pedreuurp,{se1ue; slueualels ro uolleuolul 97; a8ed arllerd t ,{pnrS 3u11ead5 :>;se1 7y; aBed 'sploMeseqlraquoulau Sulpeex:uol1ereder6 'z zernunulo elnleN uotsstua:eds ;7; a8ed arrlfeldt ,{Pnrs gy; eBed'L artrerd t ,{PnrS :arniln) PFo/n e uo oBo1aldoadesooqf ssefls PJoA a^rlelreu y :tu;tg.ttv\ suelqoJd 3u11ead5 :4sel 6E; eBed 'sproMeseqliaquaulau Pelfadxaunql!/v\ 3urua1sr1:uog1e.redel4 g E l e 8 e d ' Za ) r p e r dt , ( P n i S 3u11ea6 :3u;1eed5 matn;oslutod 'L anl'1e3en3uel o^ l tuorj &o1se 11a1 ft8uero uler Sutpuno5 2g; eBed erperd t ,(PnrS 99; a8ed 'spJoMasaqlJeqruaulau elnuloJ 3u11ead5:>1se1 5 9 ; e 8 e d ' Za l r p e r d ' 6 ^ P n t S ssaurddeq aql :uol1eredar4 3urua1s11 'L :€Jnunt PlJo/v\ ,(aruns ssellPoC unoN s3x$Jns 79;. a8ed arperd t ,(PnrS e Sur4elp ,{qderSorq :Eu;11.t/v\ pue3uruue16 3u11ead5qsel gg; a8ed'sproMesaqlraquaua1 1aa;aldoadMoqot 3utua1st1 'Z :3ur1eed5 pueSurpeax:uol1e.reder4 Surpuno5 rgtaqledu,{s Z€l a8ed artleld t ,{PnrS SurpuodsaX eng'1 e8en3uel e daa; SutoBuotlesranuor sqlanfietllxnY l E l a B B d ' Le l r p e r d ' 3 , ( P n r S C*ruTHNT5 07 Relativeclauses Quantifiers Celebrations SpeciaI andprotests events Reading:We sawhistoryin the making EVENTS Wordspot:take Listening:Specialevents Page 66 o9 Useandnon-use of articles PhrasaI Differentwaysof givini verbs Wordspot:right andwrong Reading:How to stand out from the crowd GETTINGIT RIGHT emphasis Listening and writing: Page86 Takingnotes 11 HypotheticaI the present situations in Scienceand processes Wordspot:/fe LIFEISSUES HypotheticaIsituations in Page106 the past Study,Practice & Remember page131,Audioscriptspage167,lrregular verblist page179 qset SuqeedS 'sproaasaqlraqluaureu 991a8ed !^ eleh 3u!1sads 'Z :uotrPiP&rd ur$^nSurSueq) puP3uru3lsr't SgL aSPd arpPld 3 ^PnlS 'L t9L aBed errrrud ,8IPnIS ijoou aql PloH roccr 1<' "oFD PUProjt,v :Surtun 3ur)iP€dS lser 'sProM asaqlraqLuaLua! suoLuldo :uoqEredard Surualsr'l E9l €8ed 29t €8ed'zartperd? ^Pnls Surrlodat:Suueads s P L - :i t9t a8ed'L a)lrerd€ Xpnts :a^I33sn3uel c tPrsri^orruor€ ssnrs leMo^puessarrsp-: .' Bu!)eedsqsel 'spro.\.seqlFquourau 09LeSed ,&qnqe)o^ 'Z rultilo sruat)saq1 :uotlere&rd pueSurpP€U P!PS 6SL33ed ertpprdJ8,(pnrs 851sBed'terlpeld€ ^Pnrs aPrrlPuessnrsrc aldoadleqMSulUodau rau.l3uu3^ol a^rrelnrads v:3ul1:ll 'sproM 3s.qlr.qurauts! .rl^PE 3ur)iP€dS:tse-L lsI aSed Pue 95! aSPd 'Z.rlperd)3,{pnls suorlsaSSns rBu!Ieads SurpeaX:uorrErsd€rd 'L :a^I aBenSuEl sorltussuoPUEpallo:) srseqdu.rol ss.rts3u1._ ss! aSed .rlperd,t,{pnls 3ut)Peds:)|sel tst eSed 'sPrcMasaqlraqualu3u alSueu-L ,0elnqe)o^ €SLa8ed'Zarlpeld ? ^pnls sPnu.r.raa 0ql pue3u!peaU ruo!}gled3{ Z9l a8ed'Lsrlperd 3 ^pnls sauErs^Lu o^/\rssnrslc e/eqJo uroj leaM 3q1 suollenlrsleiros PTEMIMV :3u!teads Sulleads:)iseI 'sproMasaqlraqursur3! lua^i uP /(]e]nqero^ LSLaSed ogl aSed'zs.lperd,3 fpnls Jo Mar^arY:3u4u/t\ puPSurpPaX :uorleredErd 6tL aSed'La)Frerd3 ^pnls 3^!t a3en8uel ru€^auero] sPsPluasard arrlodBupuncj hid Itti H4I 2' 3- 4. Speaking andlistening \r'\)t.rrl! ii ti,ii ;\ti,ri ill.trril:ill.: 1a Read A-F above.Think of at teasttwo thingsto say,about eachone. b Workin pairs.Teltyour thethingsyouhavewritten. partnerabout Yourpartnercanaskyouquestions. 2a 6i t.1 Listento sixspeakers.which itemfromexercise 1adoes eachspeakertatk about? Listenagain.Which mentions speaker thetopicsin the box? Whatdotheysayaboutthem? workingon a fiLm 3 l0d 1.2 Listenand completethe extractsfrom the recording. 1 We_ thereeverysumrner for ourhoL.days. _ it. 2 Nornally it'sfinebecause_ onprogramnes late...Butat themoment _ a filn. 3 t wasnryfirstjob,but thinkKathy_ differentjobs beforethat. threeor four vears. 5 Somehow touch. 6 think we aboutfiveyears. 7 We were to eachotherandwe just -ff 8 t sweetln the photoon Facebook. Reading Workin pairsanddiscuss the questionsbetowthat arer€Levanttoyou, . Wouldyouliketo havea brotheror sister?Why? . Whataretheadvanta8es of being anontychitd? . Howcloseisyourrelatlonship withyoursibting(s)? . Areyousirnilarto eachother?n whatways? . AreyoLrctoser to onesibtingthan the other(s)? Whichoneandwhy? . Areyoucompetltive withyoursibting(s)? lfyes, Venusand Serena Williams grveexamPles. Workin pairsandLookatthe photos.What doyou know(orcanyouguess) aboutthepeople? Readthearticleandanswerthequestions. Whichfamous sibLings... 1 arefriends despite theirrivalry? 2 havecontinued theirrivatryintootdage? 3 havetakenlegalaction against eachother? 4 caused problems intheirlocaIcomnrunity becalse of theirrivatry? 5 oftencompeted againsteachotherin impotant compet tionsl 6 oftencriticiseeachotherin the firedia? Read thearticleagain.Complete thesentences beLow. Formost people,the longestrelationship they will 1 TheaLrthor of the articlefeltcompetitive towards haveis with theirsibling.lt's a shame,then,that we nerstster Decause ,., can't choosethem.As children,my youngersister 2 n herautobiography, I oanFontaineboasted that and I werealwayscompetingwith eacholher s h eh a d . . . I wasjealousof her looksand shefelt threatened 3 A lot of people werewatching whenOliviade by my academicsuccess.But our valrywas nothing Havitland... comparedto that of somefamoussiblings. 4 NoelCatlagher onceattacked hisbrother Decause... Take1940smovestarsO iva de Havilland andJoan -he 5 TheDasste- brotfers st.rredseparale.o'rpdrie( Fo_tdre. conpe iivc.aario.rg'] p berweelrlese s sterss thestuffof Holwvoodegend.'l married first, 6 Somepeop[e ir Herzogenaurach refused to wo_t'e Os.a belqFO.v'ado. Aro irI diei's., s1el socialise witheachotherbecause ... .,ldoLbtedlybe ri\^gllbecdLse I beatl-erto t. Joa1 w ote 7 Thewilliams sisters arebestfriendsdespite the n herautobography. Thekrvalrybecameverypubic factthat... n 1946whenOlivlawonan OscanJoanwasasked I Weknowthe authorofthe articleisstilt to presentthe awardbut O iviarefLtsed to evenshake cornpetitivetowardshersisterbecause .,. herhand.'Theyjustdon'thavemuch a common,' commented onepersonat thetime.Now n thelr90s,the sistersapparently sUlloatheeachotherl Workin groupsanddiscuss the qu€stions below. Morerecently, the rivalrybetweenrockstarsNoeland . Whichcaseofsibling doyouthinkisthe rivalry LiamGa agherhashitthe news.As partof ihe band mostextreme?Why? Oasis,theycreatedsomememorabemusic,but . Whichslblings'achievements arethemost wheneverthey areinterviewed, the brothers cannotresist impressive? puttingeacholherdown.'Thereareonlyiv/othings ' Doyouknowanyother wrongwrthLiam,'Noeloacesaid,'eveMhng hesays examples of serious andeveMhng hedoes.'Whlethe brothers wereworkrng sibtingrivatry? on theirsecondalbum,Liamnvitedsomefriendsto the studo fora party.Noe waslryingio workandendedup attacking Lanrwitha cricketbat.By2011,the brothers hadstoppedworkingtogeiherandweresuingeachother - a sorrystuationfor anybrothers io be in. Listening andvocabutary i:lriondr[rin la work in pairs.Which characteristics belowdolqt de5cribethe behaviour ofa goodfriend? 'I You cantrustthem, 2 Theyatways tett youthe truth. 3 Theysometimes lie toyou. 4 Theyafefun to bewith. 5 Theygossipaboutyoubehindyou. back. 6 Youcanconfidein themaboutyourproblems. 7 Theyatways keeptheirpromis€s. b Workin groups.Think of two morecharacteristics ofa goodfriend.Which doyouthinkisthe most importantcharacteristic in a friend? Za rl 0r1.4Workin pairs.Youaregoingto listento three conversations,Listento Mazconfiding in Anna,and answer the questions. 1 WhoisBen? 2 WhatproblemdoesMazhave? 3 Wha do welea-1abourl4azard Bera. people? 4 WhatdoesAnnapromise at theendofthe conversation? b rl !r 1.5ListentoJoetalkingto oneof thewomen Language focus2 fromthe previous conversation, andanswerthe L!sesof auxi{,iary verhs quest|ons, 1 WhoisJoetalkingto? 1 Complete sentencesi-7 fromthe conversations 2 Whataretheydjscussing? with the endings or responsesin the box. 3 Whatisthelrattitudetowards thesituation? 4 WhatdoesJoe proniseattheend? Hesaysheis. wiLLyou? lknowshewilt. isnl it? oh, areyou? r00r1,6tistentoJoetalkingtosomeone we do havea goodtime iogether. eLse, and answerthe questions, Youdon't thlnk he'sinterested?He say! rhet! 1 Whoisloe tatkingto? I do lovehim,and_ 2 Whatisthesuprise thatlsmentioned? Youwon't sayanythingto anyone, 3 WhatdoesJoe try to do in the conversation Haveyou seenBenand Mazat a[[? andwhy? l'm planninga bit of a sLrrprise for her. 4 Howdoestheotherperson respond? Its goingto costyoua fortune, She'lllilethis, Iistento atlthreeconversations again.Summarise the situationbetweenthe fourfriends. 2 6i 1.2Listen andcheck. Workin pairsanddiscuss the questions. ' Doyouhavesympathy for Benor Maz? 1 Und€rtinethe auxiLiaries inthe endings/responses ' AreAnnaandloe goodfriends in th€ box in exercise1. to BenandMaz? ' Shouldtheysayor doanything? 2 which auxiliariesin exercise1 are usedto... . Whatdoyouthinkwill happen between Ben 1 form tag questions? andMaz? 4 torm a shortanswertoquestions? 5 avoidrepeatingwordsorsentences? I ReadStudy 2, page 192 Task Keepa conversation going $"$[il Speaking 4 Areanyofthe phrases in the boxin exercise 3 inappropriate for anyofthe situations? Civeoneor Responding to how peoplefeel two exampLes, andexpLainwhy. 1 Lookat the Dhoto.Workin Dairsanddiscuss.Whodo you turn to if you needa sympath€ticlistener?Why? t 6d ,.ra,,","n,o fiu. rhrases saidin two diflerent way!. Whichsoundsmoresympathetic,a or b? 6i1 1.tg Listento threeshort conversations ano answerthe questions. z 6i r.rs r"t"n to *'" phrases b€inssaidi; a symp.thetlcway.Repeatthe phrasesfromerercise3, '| Whatisthe person's problem in eachcase? payingattentionto th€ intonation. 2 lsthe listenerverysympathetic, reasonabty sympathetic or notverysympathetic? 3 what suggestion{s) doeshe/shemake? Workin pairs.Chooseoneofthe situations in 3 andprepare exercise a conversation similartothe Checkyou understand the phrases in the box.Then onesyou listened to. readsituations1-7 belowandchooseoneor two appropriateresponsesin the boxfor each. Actout yourconversationfor the class.The others listenandsaywhichsituationyouareactingoutand Youmustbereallywonied. Thatsounds a$4ull whetheror notthe listeneris sympathetic. Don'ttakeanynoticeofhim/her. Howannoying! Don'tworry,it doesn'tmatter. Cheerupl Trynot to worryaboutit. Nevermind. Writing Justignorehim/her/it/them. Catmdown! Theres no pointin gettingupset. Planninganddraftinga biography A visitofto yourhouse;sembarrassed because he's 1 a Workin pai6anddiscuss.What stepsdoyougo spiLtedhisdrink. throughwhenyouwrite5omething in Engtish,for A childtetlsyouthat hisbestfriendsaidsomething exampte of a famousperson? a biography unkindto him. Yourbestfriendphones because she'shada rolv Tumto page133andreadthe'Fivestepstobetter with herboyfriend. writing'.whichid€asdoyoufind us€ful? 4 Yourfriendis in tearsat the endof a sadfitm. vou'lriendisworriedbecause hismorherisBoing intohospitat. 6 Everyore is laughing aryourfriend.newhai-style. 7 Yourfriendistoo scaredto goto thedentistby herself fr'\Ctrl1"1.e v!..r.r rr: r;;, ir; b.ci'i.rFerod . tlii: i.)ri ir! ii5r! or wo rsi 5 a y1 ' r s r ; o . _ f i i r e s : e e 3 r ! f i p y s r e . t 1 L l v9 e i - . f l . . n D a e . l l o . n \ , 1 7 5 %0 1 r . r - FACTI Uosi p;reits i.\, iri.r sire..i r..l timc ,! tlr ihc r .f .lre. s i.r.i m-[85 'ifen h i p i e s r n r i e v . r , ! i , ! r t , i L : !: r r c : c : i : ! u lr i..ii i:l rdrer,iienr-to.iticiiare'i3 rei.r tee f9 nress..l ...1 i r strare.l A psychologst haslivented a phone app which he c a l m s w i l m a k el s e r sm o r es e l f - a w a raen d a b l e to make better-infornredlife choices.'Trackyour ' e e : n g s b e e p s' , e , a t dor po' ., n r- " day. Useresaywhatthey are doing and choose a w o r dt o d e s c r i b eh o w t h e y f e e ,r e g i s t e r l n g th€ strensthoflhelrfee inss from one to five. IN THISUNIT The inventorstressesthat the app must be usec d!.in9 the activity(or immediateyafterwards), as he be ievesthat we often recolect our fee ings dlfferenty from howwe felt at thetime Vocabulary andspeaking Readthe factsat the top of the page.Thenwork in groupsand discuss.Do they surpriseyou? Canyou think of any explanations forthem? Readthe text aboveabout a new phoneapp. Answerthe questions. 1 Whatdoeslhe nventorclairiit y]i[[do? 2 Howdoesit work? 3 Doyouthinkan app[ikethiswoutdb€ useful to you? Work in pairs.Lookat the adjectivesbelowthat are usedin the app andcheckyouunderstandthem.Whichof the adjectivesdo you rarelyor neverfeet? amused oepresseo Lmpatrent awkward dissatisfied s[eepy \ DOrec enthLrsrastrc {onety stressed cheerful confident frust€ted paniclv unsociable curious gflrmpy Posrtve upset Reading andspeaking Readquotes1-5 and choosethe oneyou agreewith \.- most.Compareanswerswith the class, and l{anoiness is the ineaninc ter a"- tt'' *hore atm 'r tU'' ".i""* human existen"" end-of Arir,o,l" Happiress is like a butterfly! the .ffi'\'"l\ more you chce it, the more it wi escape you. But if you turn 'our attention to other things, it will come and sit softly on you shoulder. HenryDavkllhareau i;l i',\'\i ir,i,'it If you want happiness for d hou! tate a "' nap, II yo-uuanr happiness for a day. go o\n,n€. U you han, happines< for a year, - , * l forrue. rr )ou \anr happines. :n}]e:'l-a for a lifetime, help soneone else. Chineseproverb not in seeking The secet of happiness is more, but in l€arning to "oj"" Anyone who is happy all the time reeds t""'ro.rrr", :":'."I :::::::::::":: nal e you-dop:ei + yo,' aBW* aje i4' dno c. theayo-..en o.as-lp.se.)r.oes"o sisre-.,'sqow I I to see a psychiarrist. r l " a rh o w n - c h w e - a r 1 ' r a c l L at ? e s ! . p o r o _ . . o o - r I -aop ne$ r-a- how r r.h o-'er p"op e e" r. What Ananynous I w e w a l r - o r o ' a I i sr o - a r n r o ' e t h " n o r r r e - d s I a - d . o r e a g u e r .h s r i g ! e l o a . w q v L o u - . i e t i l e I c . : 1 . 5 o . r . \ o r e a a . d . i e a v es e e nl h e a r e - . q e I 2a Readthe statemenisbelow.Doyou think they are i n c o - e m o r et r E n o o u o r po " e r r h e l a , - 2 0 y e a ' s .b . 1 I true or false? t a v F s p e _i o n c ' e a . e n L d o pn e i s . n t h e c a r eo ' S o u t h I ro.ea, lre s!- +adion i rs adual/ fale". lowe\e , I 1 S p e _ d i -r go n e r d o e . rr r o l e r o u h o p o . . r - k o o F . ^ - n e a - , i a r w e d o 1 c a e d b o - Lo J r i - . o - F . I 2 Livingin a sunnycLlnrate makesyou happier than A c ' o r d i 9 r o \ o b e l P z e - wn r r r 9 p ' v c ' o l o g s r o a n e _:_,:"I I livingln a cold country. K d l e - a " . . o n e yd o e , n o Lb u v y o J r a p o i l e s s b . r a I 3 Talkingto strangers nakesyou feelbetter 4 Daydreaming nakesyou happy. 5 People who livein citlesaremorernlsefab[e than thosewho live in the country. 6 ThemoreyoL earn,the betteryoufeel 7 lvlenwho do lesshousework are happlerthan rnen who do a tot. M o s rp e o p e r l - n . r " a r c . v r o l l .a e . o . e s k e s s e da r o I a Forcingyoursetf to smlLemakesyo(rfeelbetter. e s , a o p ? , h d r c o u . y t o l <W e l o w i t s o f c i a l ) I 'r e:ciriesoeo on)bdd b yo,' heaIrwirh'Lei I b Work in groupsandcompareanswers. p o l u r i o l a . o o ' e c o { d . 9 . ( " e ) e a l s ob a o r o . y o { I ' a o p n e , s .L s -(olomisL "9 a soe.a ,manploie.op. I c e o 9 e M a c K e, o 1 . o l e c . e dd a t ao r w h e ' e w t e r I 3 Work in pairs.StudentA:readthe articleon this d d why people &e e appy T-e ?eu rs wer" cle" . I page.StudentB:turn to page127 and readthe c t e s a e t n eJ . r i o p i e s tp a c e sr o i v e i - . f / o . a ' - I articte.Discussthe questionsbeLow o h " p o r e s s a , b e r g o ' . r c a l e' r o r l r o 0 0 ( r ' e s I ' e o r t e v o r r w e l - o en 9 o v o e t " e e - o r . a n o t , , e p o n i ' . Whichtopicsfromexercise I 2a arementioned? And which placesmake peop e happiest?Mo!l . tl ^r'-.d . r'F ' ho <rr-e-onrr.re LeT l ad' e s s ' I Listening andvocabulary l ! ri i \l\ !,[l ]rt r 'l N,l \r '"i i'qrirl..'i$r: r:l 1 A groupof peoptewereasked'Which thingsin yourlife makeyoufeeLgood and whichmakeyoufeeLbad?'Look at the mostfrequentanswers below.lsanything importantmissing? rnomeror Securrry I ' r poodrftrud^sktps -' Lr ii;:l ,: :i:., tll,Iii',I...:.I.,,r,.:I. havingvarietyand exciternentin life t--t ^{ (tAAn,/ myIolbiEs exhaustion rndint[rG$t$ at/ur,snzfo*e ohas being an employer, not an emplgyee l " r :i : r l t :' I r r i , , 1 , i .i i r r . t r r l t l l Lookatthe threepeopLein the photos.Can youguesswhich 1 makethemfeelgoodandbad? thingsin exercise lffik/,[milfiluth| b 0 z.z Listenandcheckyouranswers. examstress payingtaxes Listenagain.Which thingsin the boxbetowdoe5eachperson laeing mention?Are theygoodor badthings? lack of spendingtimewithmyfamily anti-socialbehaviour havinganactivesocialtife not havingtimetorelax money growup inteLLeciuat watchingnrychildren stimulation Workin pairsandsummarise thegoodandbadthingsabout Work in g.oups.Maketistswiththe ideasin eachperson'sLife,givingas muchdetailasyoucan. ex€rcise1. . things that make people feel good Workin pairsanddiscuss.Which 1 and4a thingsin exercises . things that make people feel bad doyouthinkmostaffectthe peoplebetow? . could be both . teachers . enFepreneurs . youngpeopLe . athletes Decideifthe phrasesin exerciset havean . parents . etderty peopte opposite.Addthem to the list. is a big prob/emlor schoolteachers. Rudeness good friendships- lackof friends Youngpeopleworryaboutexamstress. criticismfron athers - supportfram athers Makea list ofthethingsin tifewhichmakeyoufeelgood/ bad,workin groupsandcompareyour answ€rs, Task Do a classsurvev Preparation Listening Lookat the photosandquestions beLow.Whatcanyouseein each photoandwhichquestiondoyou thinkit relatesto? W \\h\Nil$W\HN\\\}hW\T,h$I rirwrii[\H$Hu$$\H\\ww}\\ sS 2 6i 2.4Listento fivepeople \D] answering oneof the questions, Whichquestion doesthe speaker answ€r?what reasons andexamPtes dotheygive? Listenagainandtickthe phrases you 2a Yourteacherwill giveeachstudenta question from hearin the Usefullanguage box. exercise'1. Youaregoingtocarryout a classsurveyabout thistopic,First,think ofsomefottow-upqu€stions to ask. TaskSpeaking > Usefutlanguage b 1a Youaregoingto conducta surveyand b MingLewith the cLass andaskyourquestions. tf possibte, taLkabout the questions in exercise 1. interviewsixotherstudents. Makenotesaboutwhat Readthe questionsagainandthinkof at leastoneanswerforeach. 3a Workaloneor in pairs.Pr€pare yourfindings to 5ummarise b Thinkabouthowto exptain your to the ctass, Thinkaboutthe ideasbelow. answers,Makenotes,usingthe . anyanswers that cameupmorethanonce promptsbetow. Askyourteacherfor . thestrangest/most surprising answers youheard anywords/phrasesyou need. . anyfunnystodes you heardthat areworthrepeating . Whydoyoufeetlikethis?Areyour feeljngs |ational? > Usefullanguag€c . Haveyoualways fettthisway? . Haveyouhadanyexperiences that Taketurnsto summarise yourfindingstothe ctass. Did havemadeyoufeelthisway? youaL[havesimitarfeetings or weretherea widevariety > Usefutlanguage a Findout first View 1a Whatarethe bestlabour-saving 2a Youaregoingto watcha videoabouthappiness. Lookat devices andetectronicgadgets that thewordsandphrases betowfromthe video.Dotheyhave a positive(P)or negative (N)effecton happiness? b Workin pairs.Dothe Consumer oruogery labour-saving devices technotogy quizbeLow stafingat a screenatlday b O watchthe videoandanswerthequestions. Consumerteclmology 1 Whatdoesthescienceof happinesssayaboutmachines? 1 What percentage of Indian householcls 2 Whathavelabour-saving devices faiLed to do? own a television? 3 Whatdoestechnologypushout of ouf lives? a approximately 25% 4 Whatarethethfeeingredients of happiness? b appro{mately 50% c approomately 75% What percentage of US households don't 3 Watchthe videoagainandchoose the correctanswers (bothanswersmaybecorrect). orl,n a television? a approximately 10% 1 Technology promises to bringusdrudgery/ b approximately5% newpossibilities. c appm).rmately1% 2 n a technologicalutopia,wewouldhavemore How many motor vehicles are there fteetime/ fun. in the world today? 3 Compared to 50yea|sago,we nowspendless/ more a around 100million timeon househoLd chores. b aroundonebillon 4 Becauseoftechnotogy, we nowspendmoretirre c aromd ien billion alone/ withotherpeople. 5 On[inecon]munities makeusrnore/ lesssocialin the How many mobile phones are in use in China? 6 Wenow knowthe keyto / a rccipefot happiness. a ten million c overone billion 4 Doyouegreewith the recipefor happiness in thevideo? Whatother'ingred i€nts'doyouthinkareimportantfor a Coonlineto checkyour happyLife? answe.s or askyourteacher Search:lndian/ljS householdsTV percentage / motof vehiclesworld/ mobi[ephonesin lse China I IN THISUNIT Vocabulary Lookat the mishapsbeLowand checkyouunderstandthe wordsin bold.Thinkof more examptesto addto the List. ' Youtoseyour keysandlockyourselfout. ' YoLget stuckin traffc andrnissan appointment. . YoLsLipon sonreice. ' Youtrip and fatt over. . Youget on the wrong train. . Youget confusedand rnakea mistake. . Youfcarbr€aksdown, . Youbangyourhead. . Yo! get lost. . Yo! spiLLpainton yourclothes. . YoLrrun out of petrol. . Youoversteepand missyour train. . Youdropsomethlng valuable andbreakit. . Youbofiowsornethingwlthout askinganddamagelt. Work in pairs.Which of the th ingsin exerciseI hashappenedto you?Taketurns to saywhercandwhen. ffmsk Tella storyfrom two pointsof view PreparationListening 1 a Lookat the pictur€s.They showan incidentthat happen€dto BillandFrankaftertheyhadbe€nto a party.Matchthewordsin the boxto the pictures. taughyourheadoff thickice swayalloverthe place a steephitL Workin groups. Canyouguesswhathappened to BiLlandhisfriend?lsthereaMhingyou don't und€rstand fromthe pictures? 2 Workin groups. croupA:6i 3,4Listento whatBitltotdhislawyer afterthe incident. croupB:6i13,1Listen to whatthe otdladytotdthe police.listenasmanytimesasnecessaryto besure ofthe details.Makenotesif necessary. Task Speaking Practise re-tellingthe storywith students fromthe samegrouP. > Us€futlanguage a andb 2a Workin peirs,onepersonfromGroupAandone fromG.oupB.Taketurnsto reportwhatBit[andthe oLdladysaid. Makea list of diff€rencesbetweenthe two stories andanyinformation that onepersonmentioned, but the otherdidn't.Compare yourtistwith the ctass. > UsefulLanguage c Workin pairs.Discuss the questions beLow . Whosesideofthe storydoyoubetieve? ' Werethe poticerightto arrestBitlandhisfriend? ' WhatfurtheractiondoyouthinkthepoLice tookT Vocabulary youranswers. 3a work in groupsandcompare Civereasons. ti.lrirurn unripuniilltnren I Discussthe questions below. 1 Lista5 work in pairsandhavea race.lntwo minutes, manycrimesaspossibLe. . In whichcasesdoyouneedto knowmoreabout to makeyourdecision? the circumstances muroe,... autgtary, . Lnwhatcircumstances shouldajudgebevery Lenient/harsh? 2a Read andcheckthe meaningof the questionnaire thewordsandphrasesin bold. for the 4a Workin paksandwritetwo moresituations punishments. qui:,with possible b Workatone.Dothe questionnaire. turn5to discussyour b Workwith anotherpair.Tak€ and 5ituations punishments. possible your ExPlain chotces, Are you harsh or lenient? Tick the punishmentyou think is most 4 A 2o-year-oid manis arrested for appropriatefor eachcrime. drink-drivi]lg aftercausinga minor accident, It's the first time he has been arrested. 1 A university student buys an essayonline and submits . He shonldbe let off with a warning. ! it as her own. The university recognisesthe essayas . He shouldlose his licence.I plagiarism. . He should be given 200 hours of community ' Sheshouldreceivea warning. ! seruce. ! . Sheshouldbe expelled.tr . Sheshould be prosecutedfor fraud. tr . other(what?) A homelessman is afiested for begging in the city centre.The iocatlawsdo not allowbeggingandhe has 2 A l2-year-old girl consistently plays truant from beenarrestedseveraltimesfor the samecrime. school.The parentssaythat the childwon't listento . He should be let off with a warning. ! them and they are powerlessto help. . He shouldbe prosecuted.- . Sheshouldbesuspended.tr . He shouldbe fined. ! . Sheshouldbe erpelled.! . other(what?) . Herparentsshouldbe prcsecuted.- . other (what?) A student is arrestedfor wriiing political graffiti on a building. 3 A famity with eight children are living in a quiet street ' His parentsshouldbecalled.D They are very noisy and the neighbours complain of . He shouldhaveio pay for the damage.! anti-social behaviour. They are renting their house He shouldbe prosecuted.! . The family should be evicted. - other (what?) . The parents shol d be prosecuted. n ' The neighbours should learn lo cope. ! A mother of two young children is charged with the . olher (what?) possession of illegal cbugs and found guilty. . She should be sentenced to six months injail ! . She should be gwen a suspended sentence ! . Her children should be taken into care. f . other(what?) Vocabulary 2a Choosethe bestwordto comptetethe phrasesbetow. Whichartictedoyouthinkeachphrase comesfrom? F{endIines 1 claima pize / a competition 2 builda nucleatengine/ rcactor 1 Workin pairs.Read the newspaper headtines below 3 violatesomeone's fiappiness/ privacy andexplaineachstoryinyourownwords 4 access someone's emailaddress / account 5 reimburse a debt/perro, 6 gt thrcugha wedding/ divorce 7 splitanatom / radiation 1,T-I."I:*J*3:HJ 8 buy radioactivematerialsI stuff Eea\,']/ ra,in set to cause t 9 payaff a debt / bankaccount severe floodine! t b ReadartidesA{ quickly. wereyourpredictions corect? bra[!l[?erist ctrm'? az-year-otd 3a ReadarticlesA-Con page33.Arestatements 1-12 true(T)orfatse(F)?whichlinesin the articLes give It lrElscall$ totillilEn$alBty youthe information? lost in mazecall999 CouDle 1 Arnanda knewit wasa winningticketwhenshe foundit. TheStaceys spentallthemoney. *:1""T:.i:T"."*.r61f=J Dorothyhadproofthat it washerticket. camelotthink Dorothyshootdhavebeen morecareful. DeathtoLtcLimbsin aircrash B Theminlmurnpunishment injai[. isfiveyears 2a Findwordsin the headtines whichhavethe sam€ LeonandC[arawerestiL ivingtogether meaning asthewordsbelow. 7 Leonwasn'tClaG'sfirsthusband. 8 Mostpeopleunder25readtheirpartnelsemails. 1 suppofts backs 2 promises 3 isprobabLy goingto HandLtotdtheauthorities whatlie wasdoing. 4 the numberof people whodied 1 0 Hepubticisedthefacthewasdoingtheexperiments. 5 peopte's demands 1 1 Hedoesn'thavethe nuclearmaterialsanymore. 1 2 Fe planslo dono-eexperi'Fenls in thefulure. whydoyou thinkthewordsin the headLineswere usedinstead? b work in pairsandcheckyouranswers. 3 Workin pairsanddiscussthe questions about 4 work in pairs.Discuss the questions beLow. headlines in generat. . ThethreeanicLes areatltrLre Onlyoneperson stories. 1 Whichtenseisoftenusedto talkaboutthe pa5t? wasnotcharged.Who doyouthinkit was? 2 Howdo headlines usualty referto the future? . what doyouthinkhappened to theotherpeople? 3 Whichofthe grammaticalfeatures betoware commonty missing fromheadLines? 5a t d 3.8Listento threenewsstoriesvt4richexplainwhat . theverbbe happen€din the end.checkyouranswers to exercise 4 . atticlesla/anlthe) . relativepronouns . nounsanonounpnrases Listenagainandmakenoteson anyother . auxiLiaryverbs informationyou hear Readingand listening 6 work in groups. th€ questions Discuss below. . Areyousurprised bythe outcomein anyofthese case5? 1 Workin pairs.Lookat the newspaper headlines and - . Doyouthinktheoutcomeof eachcasewasfair? on page33.Maketwo guesses introductions about Why/Whynot? whatis happeningin eachstory. . Doyouknowof anyrecent[ega[casesthat hada i r A r n ] ,r L e w o n - d n . . L e p h o t o h d , w o n t h e r o c l e r y . controve|5ialoutcome?What happened? Speaking Dealingwith unexpectedproblems , 6i a.,o,,.,"n,o*nu,"nrenc€ beloweid in two different ways.How doesthe sp€aker 5oundeachtime: 1a (J l.g Listento threeshortconv€rsation5. .alm or angry/annoyed? Thereisan unexpected probtemin each. Answerthe questions, I ufderstand that but I coutdn'tbly a ticket. 1 Wl_ere doe(theconversatior takepla(e' z" 6] :.tt tistento,"nt"n.es l-9 from exercise lt. 2 Whatisthe probtem? Howdoesthe speaker soundin €ach sentence? b Practi* sayingthe *ntences. Listenagainandcompletethe extractsbelow. Conversation 1 1l_ b u tl c o L r l dbnu' ty at i c k e t . 2 Canl_a _? W h y_ t b u y a 3a Readthe situationsbeLowWhat mightyousayin ticketnow? eachsituation? Usethe phrases in boLdin exercise 1b. 3 Look,this is _ ! I'm nota criminal. ' Youparkyourcarandgoshopplng.When you Conversation 2 comeback,a trafficwardeniswritingyoua ticket. 4 Look,there'sbeena _. We didn't Youhaveoverstayed the 3o-minute limit. that youwantedto bepaid. . Youbuysomefoodin a shopbutwhenyo! get 5 | don'tthink .Youshoutdhavetold outside,you reatise thatthe shopkeeper gaveyou usat thestart, too littlechange.Sherefuses to giveyouthe rest. 6 No,you _ _.We really aren'tyour . Youarriveat a hotelwhere youmadea reservation cuStome15, fortwo nights.They havero recordofyour Conversation 3 reservation andthe hotelisfuLf. . Youtakea taxi.When youarrive, yourealise that 7 Whatdo you _you've givenit to someone tFeta, rreters1r\aorkng./oLtl-inlr1eta'i It's not wecouldn't finda parking driver isaskingtoomuch. . Youtakeyourcomputer to a fepairshop.When I that, but thisisveryunfair. you pickit up,the mansayshehasspenttwo days Perhaps |_ to to the manager tryingto repairyourcomputer, but it stiLldoesn't work.Hegivesyoua biLtfor€120. Workin pairsanddiscuss. Howwouldyoudeatwith eachsituationif it happened in yourcountry? Workin pairs.Choosea situationandpreparea conversation,Try to usethe phrasesin exercise 1b. lwauld pay the fine and makea c Actout the conversation for the ctass. camptatnt tater hoveyou got? Whotisthe m ssingnumberin 5 Wrifedown os mony possibe ihissequence? useslor o newspoperos you 9 6 9 5 9 2 8 7 ( ) 7 1 con in two minutes. 2 Turnto poge 126ond sludy 6 You hove o woll o gooi ond the thingsto buy/doin town' o cobboge wh ch oll hove to llstfor one rn nute.Thenclose be token ocrosso rlvef.Vou yourbookond wlle downo I hove o smql fow ng booi the th ngs you con in wh ch you con only toke temembeT one thingwithyou ot o time. Howevetifthe wof ond goot 3 How mony sidesdoes ore eft o one, the wolf will eot th s igure hove? the goot. And f ihe goot ond 4 Youore look ng ofier somechldrenfor the doy gool w leol the cobboge. One illle g r, Anno, comes to How con you get ocrossihe you cry ng becouse lhe others rver wllh the h^/oon molsond won'i p oy with her Whol do ihe cobboge? you do? 7 Howcreotve do you think o Telltheotherchidrenofffor you ore? be ng meon veTycreolNe o b TelAnno lo sod t out hersef. creolve b c Glve Anno o biscul lo moke ovefogerycreolve c her feel better d oboui os creotive os d Telthe childrenthey con oll q pototo hove o biscult f they promlse to ploywth Anno. e otherl Reading andspeaking M/hat shapes ou 1a Workin pairsanddiscuss.what bythe phrase'nature doyouunderstand or nurture'? pcil-sonality ls it lhe result of nature - what we Dosentences 1-4 betowsupportthetheoryof are born with - or nurture - what we natureor thetheoryof nurture? experience? We search tor the answer. 1 comesfrornourgenes. Everythlng 2 arejn ourupbringlng. Therootsof personatity i i i i i t i i il t r l , i i ! , , j t . i t i i , t : r f ' . _ i , f r , i i r t t r ' i r , l 3 Wecant change whow€are. 1 Two and a harthousandyearsago,the ancient 4 Ourenvironment ourpersonatity. inftu€nces Greeksbelevedthai yourpersonaly was ths resuliof difierentfluids, Readthe artic[e.Which dothe pictures paragraphs o r ' h u m o . s 'i,n y o l r b o d y ,l k e iLtustrate? b ood, phlegmand bile. Accordng lo Hippoclates, work in pairsanddiscuss.what didyoulearnabout thethings/peoptein the pictures? bloodmadeyou brave 3 Workin pahs.Checkyouunderstandthe wordsin boldin the questions belowThenreadthe articLe againandanswerthe questions. 1 According whatpersonatity to Hippocrates, traits werebiteandbtoodfesponslble for? wlh mentalillnesseswefe 2 Howtongdidthetheoryof the'fourhumo15' last? sometimeslreatedwltlr eeches doyor rh 1\ people 3 r'r'|'r Lo,l(Lledoh-erolog<l( in orderio restorethe balanceof aboutjob applicantsandmarrlagepartners? theirhlmors. lt was only n tlre 1glh 4 ExpLaln inyourownwords what'weareallbornas centuryihaiscientsts beganto doubtihe blanksLat€s'neans. Howdoesthisrelate to the theoryol humors,althoughpatientsmay havenoticed quotefromSkinner? muchearlerthatiheyweren'tgehingany betterl 5 Whatistheconnectlon between crimlnals who By the late 191hcentury,personaliiyhad beencorrecily wereexecuted ln anclent Chinaandchlldrenin the '""oro Forar.Tfiswasabgaova,e.b.Lsore LIKwhopLay truant? peopletook tioo lar and phrenoogyeme€ed 6 HowdoestheStanford Pfsonexperlmenisupport as a new scence'.PhrenoLogists believed l L " 1 rr l J - er h e o l ? f r d o) o - \ l t t f a s thaiihe brainatfectedthe shapeofthe d, 'infamous'? head,and so byfeelingsomeone's become 7 Accordlng to nurturetheory,shouldidenticaL head,theycoulddiscoverthe twins whogrowup apartbesimitar?Why/Why shapeof the r brainand ihereiore not?what happens in practlce? theirpersonaliiy - includlng,lor example,how rkelysomeonewas to commitmurdenAi the height 4 Workin groupsanddiscuss the questions. oi its popularly, phrenoogists . Weblam€ourparents for ourweaknesses butwe we€ consultedaboutpossible don'tthankthernfor ourstrengths. Doyouagree? maniagepartn€rsof io give . Howwoutdyoudescribe yourpersonaLlty in terms a backgroundcheckon job traitsinthearticle? of the'bigflve'personallty appicants.Job interv€ws riusthave . Whathasmost nfluenced yourpersonality? beeninterestng n lhosedaysl More€cently, scienlisis havelookedtoour genesas the solrce oi personaliy.Whie ther€ scerranlya link,it s iar rromsmple. Fora start, I 6i +.: rirt"nto tt'" *ordsbetowandma*the stress. a singe genemightbe involvedin manyd fiefeni whi.h tooksimitarinyolr languagebuthav€adifferent aspectsof our personality - and we havearound pronunciation? Listen againandpractke. 25,000genesin our body.And whenevena s m p l e t h i n gi k e t h e c o l o uori y o u r s k i n! st h e r€sultof morethan100d fierenlgenes,imagine how manyare nvoved in a charactertraii lke beingopen,extrovert,agreeable, consceni ous or ne!rcticthe big five'trats that psychologisis nowadq,suseto descdbehunranpeGonaliy).
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