NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS Nigeria Living Standards Survey A Survey Report by the Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics (in collaboration with the World Bank) (2018/2019) Report Date: July 2020 Data Source: National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) CONTENTS Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 2 Sample Design and Weights 3 Survey Implementation 4 Section I: Demography 5 Table 1.1: Population Distribution by Age Group and Sex, Across Country (in percent to total population by sex) 6 Table 1.2: Population Distribution by Age Group and Sex, Across States (in percent to total population by sex) 7 Table 1.3: Average Household Size, Dependency Ratio and Share of Female Headed Households (in percent to total number of households) 8 Table 1.4: Marital Status by Sex (in percent of population above 12 years of age) 11 Section II: Education 12 Table 2.1:Percentage Reporting Literacy by Language and Sex (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 14 Table 2.2:Percentage Reporting Literacy in English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 15 Table 2.2 (cont.): Percentage Reporting Literacy in English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 12 years of age) 16 Table 2.3:Percentage Reporting Literacy in Language Other Than English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 17 Table 2.3 (cont.): Percentage Reporting Literacy in Language Other Than English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 18 Table 2.4: Average Years of Education by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 19 Table 2.5: Net Attendance by School Level and Sex (in percent of population of school age) 20 Table 2.6: Gross Enrollment Rates by School Level and Sex (in percent of population of school age) 21 Table 2.7: Type of School Attended Among Children (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) 22 Table 2.8: Proximity to School Among Children (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) 23 Table 2.9: Proximity to School Among Children by Sex (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) (Primary Level) 24 Table 2.10: Proximity to School Among Children by Sex (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) (Secondary Level) 25 Table 2.11: Share of Population Who Have Never Attended School by Age Groups and Sex (in percent of population above 6 years of age) 26 Table 2.11 (cont.): Share of Population Who Have Never Attended School by Age Groups and Sex (in percent of population above 6 years of age) 27 Table 2.12: Reasons for Never Attending School by Sex (in percent of individuals above 6 years of age who have never attended school) 28 Table 2.12 (cont.): Reasons for Never Attending School by Sex (in percent of individuals above 6 years of age who have never attended school) 29 Table 2.13: Highest Level of Education Attainment by Sex in percent of population above 25 years of age) 30 Section III: Health 31 Table 3.1: Share of Population with Any Health Problems in the Last 30 Days by Sex and Age Group (in percent of total population) 32 Table 3.1 (cont.): Share of Population with Any Health Problems in the Last 30 Days by Sex and Age Group (in percent of total population) 33 Table 3.2: Top 5 Illnesses or Injuries Suffered (in percent of population reporting any illness or injury in the last 30 days) 34 Table 3.3: Type of Health Facility Visited by Sex (in percent of population reporting any illness or injury in the last 30 days) 35 Table 3.3 (cont.): Type of Health Facility Visited by Sex (in percent of population reporting any illness or injury in the last 30 days) 36 Table 3.4: Average Time for Consultation Including Travel Time by Type of Facility Visited (in Minutes) 37 Table 3.5: Reasons for Not Accessing Any Health Facility (in percent of population not visiting health facility) 38 Table 3.6: Share of Population with Incidence of Hospitalization/Admission in Last 12 Months by Sex and Age Group (in percent to total population) 39 Table 3.6 (cont.): Share of Population with Incidence of Hospitalization/Admission in Last 12 Months by Sex and Age Group (in percent to total population) 40 Table 3.7: Disability by Sex (in percent to total population) 41 Table 3.8: Use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Net (in percent of all individuals who slept under bed net yesterday) 44 Table 3.8 (cont.): Use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Net (in percent of all individuals who slept under bed net yesterday) 45 Section IV: Employment and Remittances 46 Table 4.1: Working Age Population (15-64 years) by Sex (in percent to total population) 48 Table 4.2: Participation in the Labor Activities in the Last 7 Days (in percent of individuals above 15 years of age) 51 Table 4.3: Average Hours Spent in Labor Activities in the Last 7 Days by Type of Activity and Sex (in hours, among individuals engaged in specific activity) 52 Table 4.4: Reasons for Not Looking for Job in the Last 4 weeks (in percent of individuals not engaged in employment activity) 53 Table 4.4 (cont.): Reasons for Not Looking for Job in the Last 4 weeks (in percent of individuals not engaged in employment activity) 54 Table 4.5: Industry of Activity for Wage Employment by Sex (in percent of individuals engaged in wage employment) 55 Table 4.5 (cont.): Industry of Activity for Wage Employment by Sex (in percent of individuals engaged in wage employment) 56 Table 4.6: Type of Employer for Wage Employment (in percent of individuals engaged in wage employment) 57 Table 4.7: Children's Activity Status by Sex (in percent of population of 5-14 years of age) 58 Table 4.8: Incidence (in percent of population) and Time Spent Collecting Water in the Past 7 Days (in percent) 59 Table 4.9: Incidence (in percent of population) and Time Spent Collecting Wood or Other Natural Products in the Past 7 Days (in percent) 60 Table 4.10: Households Receiving Remittances (in percent to total number of households) 61 Table 4.11: Average Amount of Remittances Received (in Naira) 64 Table 4.12: Medium of Cash Remittances (in percent of individuals receiving remittances) 65 Table 4.13: Main Purposes of Cash Remittances (in percent of individuals receiving remittances) 66 Section V: Non-Farm Enterprise 67 Table 6.1: Prevalence of Engagement and Registration of Nonfarm Enterprise Activities (in percent) 68 Table 6.2: Type of Nonfarm Enterprise Activity in percent of NFE) 69 Table 6.3: Nonfarm Enterprise Ownership and Management (in percent of NFE) 70 Table 6.4: Source of Start-up Capital for Nonfarm Enterprise (in percent of NFE) 71 Table 6.5: Destination of Products and Services (in percent of NFE) 72 Table 6.6: Constraints to Starting a Nonfarm Enterprise (in percent of NFE) 73 Table 6.7: Constraints to Nonfarm Enterprise Operation and Growth (in percent of NFE) 74 Section VI: Housing and Living Conditions 75 Table 7.1: Type of Dwelling (in percent to total number of households) 77 Table 7.2: Type of Dwelling Ownership (in percent to total number of households) 78 Table 7.3: Dwelling Occupancy Document by Occupancy Status (in percent to total number of households in category) 79 Table 7.3 (cont.): Dwelling Occupancy Document by Occupancy Status (in percent to total number of households in category) 80 Table 7.4: Housing Structure: Wall Material (in percent to total number of households) 81 Table 7.5: Housing Structure: Roofing Material (in percent to total number of households) 82 Table 7.6: Housing Structure: Flooring Material (in percent to total number of households) 83 Table 7.7: Housing Structure: Rooms (in percent to total number of households) 84 Table 7.8: Primary Cookstove Type (in percent to total number of households) 85 Table 7.9: Primary Cookstove Location (in percent to total number of households) 86 Table 7.10: Access to Electricity and Primary Source of Electricity (in percent to total number of households) 87 Table 7.11: All Sources of Electricity (in percent of households with electricity) 88 Table 7.12: Average Number of Hours of Electricity Per Day in the Past 7 Days (in percent of households with electricity) 89 Table 7.13: Source of Drinking Water (Rainy Season) (in percent to total number of households) 90 Table 7.14: Source of Drinking Water (Dry Season) (in percent to total number of households) 91 Table 7.15: Time Takes to Walk to Drinking Water Source (in Minutes) 92 Table 7.16: Drinking Water Treatment (in percent to total number of households) 95 Table 7.17: Toilet Facilities (in percent to total number of households) 96 Table 7.18: Selected Household Asset Ownership (in percent to total number of households) 97 Table 7.18 (cont.): Selected Household Asset Ownership (in percent to total number of households) 98 Section VII: Consumption frequency of food categories and household shocks 99 Table 8.1: Number of Days Per Week the Household Consumed Food Category (in days) 100 Table 8.2: Meals Shared with Non-household Members in the Past 7 Days (in percent of household who shared meals) 101 Table 8.3: Percentage of HH Reporting Shocks in Last 3 Years (in percent to total number of households) 102 Table 8.4: Coping Mechanism (in percent of households reporting any shock) 103 Methodology 104 Acknowledgements/Contacts 105 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Nigeria Living Standard Survey (NLSS) is a nationwide intervention and a collaborative effort of multiple agencies. The intervention has been led by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) with technical assistance from the World Bank. The Statistician General Dr. Yemi Kale's leadership, dedication and continuous support made the 2018/2019 NLSS possible. Mr. Isiaka Olarewaju, retired Director of Real Sector and Household Statistics and Project Director, and Mr. Tunde Adebisi, Director of Methodology and Project Coordinator, have been instrumental in the successful implementation of the exercise. Contribution of the greater NLSS management team has been phenomenal and noteworthy, the commitments and inputs from Mr. B.M Samanja, former Director of Field Services & Methodology; Mrs. Patricia Eweama, former Director of Demographic & Social Statistics; Mr. Semiu Adeniran, Director of Real Sector & Household Statistics; Mr. Simon Harry, Director of Corporate Planning & Technical Coordination; Mr. Biyi Fafunmi, Director of Information & Communication Technology; and Mr. A. D. Mustapha, Director of Macro-Economic Analysis was extremely important to the success of the exercise. The Technical Advisor to the Statistician General, Mr. Emuesiri Ojo's contribution in ensuring data quality and overall implementation is also commendable. The Bureau appreciates the National Social Safety Net Coordination Office (NASSCO) for its financial support through World Bank financed National Social Safety Net Project (NASSP) in the implementation of 2018/2019 NLSS. NBS is especially thankful for the cooperation of Mr. Peter Papka and Mr. Apera Iorwa, former and current National Coordinators, respectively. The NBS team is also thankful to the World Bank NASSP task team especially for the cooperation of Mr. Muderis Mohammed (Team Lead and Senior Social Protection Specialist), Dr. Cornelia Teslic (Former Team Lead and Senior Social Protection Specialist), and Dr. Fanen Ade (Social Protection Specialist). NBS highly appreciates the technical assistance provided by the Poverty and Equity Global Practice and Development Economics (DEC) teams of the World. The team is thankful for the contributions and commitments of Mr. Abul Azad (NLSS Team Lead and Senior Economist), Dr. Sarosh Sattar (NLSS Team Lead and Senior Economist), Dr. Vasco Molini (former NLSS Team Lead and Senior Economist), Dr. Gbemisola Oseni (Senior Economist), Dr. Amparo Palacios-Lopez (Senior Economist), Dr. Kevin McGee (Economist), Dr. Akuffo Amankwah (Economist), Ms. Akiko Sagesaka (Statistician), Mr. Aibek Uulu (Economist/Consultant), Mr. Sasun Tsirunyan (Consultant), Ms. Nemi Okujagu (Consultant), Dr. Jonathan Lain (Economist) and Ms. Ifeoma Ikenye (Team Assistant). The team also recognizes the leadership of Dr. Andrew Dabalen (Practice Manager, Poverty and Equity Global Practice), Dr. Calogero Carletto (Manager, Data Production and Methods, DEC) and Dr. Tara Vishwanath (Lead Economist, Poverty and Equity Global Practice). Finally, NBS is thankful and greatly appreciates the hard work and dedication of our team of field supervisors, monitors and enumerators. Your commitment and devotion to this work during the entire year of data collection was pivotal to the success of this survey. Also, NBS recognizes the guidance and leadership of all our State Officers and Zonal Controllers, and their tireless work in overseeing our field operations across the country 1 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 INTRODUCTION Between September of 2018 and October of 2019, the National Bureau of Statistics of Nigeria (NBS) collected the household data for the Nigeria Living Standards Survey (NLSS). NLSS 2018-19 is the first large scale household survey in a decade, focusing on measuring living conditions of the population. The main objectives of the NLSS 2018-19 are: i) to provide critical information for production of a wide range of socio-economic and demographic indicators, including for benchmarking and monitoring of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); ii) to monitor progress in population's welfare; iii) to provide statistical evidence and measure the impact on households of current and anticipated government policies. In addition, the NLSS 2018-19 could be utilized to improve other non-survey statistical information, e.g. to determine and calibrate the contribution of final consumption expenditures of households to GDP; to update the weights and determine the basket for the national Consumer Price Index (CPI); to improve the methodology and dissemination of micro-economic and welfare statistics in the country. The NLSS collected a comprehensive and diverse set of socio-economic and demographic data pertaining to the basic needs and conditions under which households live on a day to day basis. The NLSS questionnaire includes the wide-ranging modules, covering demographic indicators, education, health, labor, expenditures on food and non-food goods, non-farm enterprises, household assets and durables, access to safety nets, housing conditions, economic shocks, exposure to crime and farm production indicators. Several important methodological improvements were implemented in the NLSS 2018-19 compared to the last official survey from 2009-10. First, the NLSS was designed and collected using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) software on tablet devices. This significantly improved the quality and speed of data collection and processing. Second, by administering a seven-day recall food consumption module instead of a month-long diary (as was done previously), the survey improved the accuracy and cost- effectiveness of collecting food expenditures data. In addition, extra effort was made to measure food quantities where households used non-standard units of measurement, resulting in better quantification of food consumption. These improvements in questionnaire design and survey implementation techniques have produced overall high-quality data. With the support of the World Bank, the NBS adopted the best practices in the collection and processing of the NLSS household data. As is often the case, making such improvements and achieving high standards in survey implementation often comes at the expense of comparability with past survey rounds. Recognizing the benefits that come with a better survey infrastructure, a deliberate decision was made to use the NLSS 2018-19 as a new and improved baseline for Nigeria's living standards survey system. This report consists of two parts: it starts by describing the design, implementation process and quality assurance of NLSS 2018-19. This is followed by a set of tables, which provide comprehensive picture of households' living conditions across multiple dimensions: demographic, education, health, employment, 2 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 non-farm activities, living amenities and infrastructure etc. The report aims at providing the policy makers and other stakeholders with multidimensional data to understand the factors affecting observed social and economic outcomes in the country Sample Design and Weights The sample of enumeration areas (EA) for the NLSS 2018-19 were drawn from the National Integrated Household Surveys (NISH2) master sample that has the state-level domains. Using the NISH2 master sample, 60 EAs were selected in each of the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). A fresh household listing was conducted in each EA, from which 10 households were randomly selected in each EA to be interviewed. The listing was conducted on a quarterly basis (approximately every 3 months) with the 60 EAs in each state being systemically allocated to a quarter to ensure broad coverage of the state in each quarter. Compared to a one-time listing at the beginning of the survey, a quarterly listing helps to minimizing attrition of households due to relocation. The initial NLSS sample of 22,200 households from the 36 states and FCT, was set to be interviewed over a 12-month period, such that each month, approximately 50 households were to be interviewed. The response rate of households was high, above 93 percent in every state and about 98 percent overall. The final sample comprised of 22,110 households, with much of the difference from initial sample due to security challenges in the state of Borno and subsequent under coverage of the sample in that state. The sample was designed to provide robust estimates of population's living standards, focusing on household expenditures and poverty headcount ratios with margin of errors on average of 2 percent at national level and below 10 percent at the state levels. Thus, the sample is representative at the state, zonal and national levels. Although the sample is not explicitly stratified by urban and rural areas, it is possible to obtain urban and rural estimates from the NLSS data at the national level. Household level weights were calculated according to the selection probability of the EAs and the households. After adjusting for nonresponse, the weights were then calibrated to 2019 total population estimates in each state (excluding Borno). It is important to note that estimates presented in this report exclude the state of Borno. While the NLSS 2018-19 collected information from households in Borno, that sample was not representative of the whole state since only households from accessible areas were interviewed. The security situation in Borno was too unstable at the time of the survey, preventing the interviewers from safely visiting all areas in the state. The sample of EAs for Borno were selected from among the subset of EAs in the frame that were classified as “accessible”. Thus, the Borno sample is considered non-representative and not comparable to other states. 3 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Survey Implementation The preparation and implementation of the NLSS took place over an extended period. Design of the questionnaire commenced in 2015. As part of the questionnaire design and quality control process, pretest and pilot exercises were conducted. The pretest was conducted in December 2016 in one urban and one rural EA within the FCT. Due to logistical challenges, however, the main survey preparatory activities did not follow immediately after the pretest exercise. A more extensive pilot was conducted in June 2018 in four states – Delta, Kogi, Bauchi and Lagos. The EAs included in the pilot exercise were not part of the original EAs selected for the main survey. Lessons from the pilot exercise helped shape the questionnaire and CAPI application, as well as logistics for the main fieldwork exercise. Following completion of the pilot, two levels of training were implemented for the main survey. The first level training (training of trainers) was held for trainers/monitors, while the second level training (training of interviewers) occurred for the NBS field personnel who would conduct the survey. At the end of each training, participants were examined, and the best candidates were selected to participate in the main fieldwork. The World Bank technical missions also provided support during the first and second level trainings and throughout the entire survey process. The main survey data collection commenced in September 2018 and lasted 12 months. There was one data collection team per state comprising three interviewers and a supervisor. Each team traveled to an EA, interviewed all selected households, conducted community interviews, and then moved to the next EA. The order in which the EAs were covered was predetermined and randomized in order to provide more uniform coverage of the state throughout the fieldwork period. Except for scheduled breaks, the teams were in the field throughout the duration of the survey. Breaks in the fieldwork occurred in the holiday period of late December/early January as well as during the general elections held in February 2019. To ensure that high quality data was collected, multiple levels of monitoring (in-person and remote) were implemented by both NBS and the World Bank throughout the data collection period. During the in- person field monitoring, the NBS monitors observed interviews, conducted spot-checks, addressed any issues that the team had, as well as filtered more substantial issues to headquarters for necessary action. In addition to the in-person monitoring, there was also extensive remote monitoring conducted by the NBS ICT team and the World Bank technical team. The remote monitoring included case-by-case review of each incoming interview as well as global checks for consistency, errors, and outliers. Feedback from the remote monitoring was re-routed to the field teams to be addressed. The 2018/19 NLSS was conducted using the Survey Solutions Computer Assisted Person Interview (CAPI) platform. The Survey Solutions software was developed and maintained by the Development Economics Data Group (DECDG) at the World Bank. Each interviewer and supervisor were given a tablet which they used to conduct the interviews. Overall, implementation of the survey using Survey Solutions CAPI was highly successful, as it allowed for timely availability of the data from completed interviews and real-time quality checks. A detailed information on sampling, weights, fieldwork and quality assurance measures is provided in the Basic Information Document published along with NLSS 2018-19 database. 4 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 SECTION I: DEMOGRAPHY Highlights: Nigeria has a large base of young population- more than 54 percent of all males and more 1 than 51 percent of all females are younger than 20 years of age. The share of males and females in total population is roughly equal: 49.2 and 50.8 percent 2 respectively. This pattern is similar across rural- urban areas and across the states, except for Enugu state, where ratio of males over females is only 0.82. The average household size in Nigeria is 5.06 persons per family: in rural areas the size is higher - 5.42 individuals versus 4.50 in urban areas. The highest household size is in Jigawa 3 state- 8.15 persons and the lowest is in Ekiti state where on average the household is composed of 3.50 family members The total dependency ratio in Nigeria on average is 0.97. The highest dependency ratio is in 4 Jigawa state at 1.40 and the lowest is in Lagos with 0.63 of dependents per 1 working age person. On average 18.8 percent of households in Nigeria headed by female household member. That share is generally higher in urban areas- 21.4 versus 17.1 percent in rural areas. The 5 lowest share of female headed households is in Niger state with only 1.9 percent and highest is in Ebonyi with 36.0 percent. The share of females, among those older than 12 years of age, in monogamous marriage is 41.9 percent versus 36.7 percent for males. The share of males and females in polygamous marriage is roughly equal at around 9.9-9.6 percent respectively. The polygamous 6 marriage is more widespread in Jigawa state where 15.1 percent of males and 32.8 percent of females report being in polygamous marriage. The lowest rate of polygamous marriages is in Akwa-Ibom, with less than a percent of males and females entering polygamous marriages. 5 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 NIGERIA LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY - 2018/2019 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY AGE GROUP AND SEX, ACROSS COUNTRY (IN PERCENT TO TOTAL POPULATION BY SEX) Male AGE GROUP Female 14.2 0-4 13.4 16.3 5-9 15.5 13.5 10-14 12.3 10.7 15-19 9.9 7.2 20-24 7.5 6.0 25-29 7.6 5.2 30-34 6.2 5.3 35-39 6.1 4.6 40-44 4.6 4.0 45-49 4.1 3.2 50-54 3.2 2.7 55-59 2.5 2.2 60-64 2.0 1.8 65-69 1.7 1.4 70-74 1.2 0.8 75-79 0.8 0.6 80-84 0.7 0.5 85+ 0.6 6 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 1.2: Population Distribution by Age Group and Sex, Across States (in percent to total population by sex) 0-5 6-9 10-14 15-64 65+ All Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 8.7 8.5 6.3 6.2 6.6 6.3 25.2 27.3 2.5 2.5 49.2 50.8 Urban 7.5 7.3 5.7 5.6 6.3 6.1 27.4 29.1 2.4 2.6 49.3 50.7 Rural 9.3 9.1 6.7 6.5 6.8 6.3 23.9 26.3 2.5 2.4 49.2 50.8 Abia 7.7 6.7 4.6 5.9 6.9 5.4 24.7 29 4.1 4.9 48.1 51.9 Adamawa 8.6 8.7 6.4 5.7 6.8 6.3 26.6 26.9 1.9 2 50.4 49.6 Akwa Ibom 7.8 8.5 5.2 5.7 6.8 4.4 26.9 30.8 2.1 1.9 48.8 51.2 Anambra 7.8 9.1 6.1 5.4 5.9 5.2 25.9 27 3 4.6 48.7 51.3 Bauchi 11.4 12.1 7.1 7.1 6.4 7.3 21.6 23.6 2 1.5 48.4 51.6 Bayelsa 7.1 6.9 5.4 5.4 6.9 5.3 30.4 29.9 1.1 1.6 50.9 49.1 Benue 7.6 7 6.2 6 7 6.1 26.9 28.1 2.8 2.2 50.5 49.5 Borno Cross River 6.3 6.7 5.8 5.9 6.6 6.3 28.6 29.5 2.3 1.9 49.6 50.4 Delta 7.7 8.3 4.5 5.6 6.6 7.1 25.5 28.8 2.3 3.5 46.7 53.3 Ebonyi 8 8.6 5.9 5.9 7.1 6.8 22.4 29.6 2.3 3.5 45.7 54.3 Edo 7.9 6.4 5.6 5.7 6.1 5.9 26.3 28.9 3.5 3.6 49.5 50.5 Ekiti 7.2 6.8 5.3 4.8 6.1 4.9 28.7 27.7 3.3 5.2 50.6 49.4 Enugu 7.4 7.5 5 5.4 5.5 5.4 22.9 30.7 4.5 6 45.2 54.8 Gombe 10.2 9.8 7.5 7.3 6.4 7.7 24.2 23.3 2 1.6 50.3 49.7 Imo 6.8 6.4 4.6 4.8 6.1 5.2 25.3 30 5.3 5.6 48.1 51.9 Jigawa 10.8 10.4 8.5 8 7.8 7.8 22.3 21.8 1.6 0.9 51.1 48.9 Kaduna 9.9 9.9 6.7 7.3 6.3 6.1 24.6 26.6 1.7 0.9 49.1 50.9 Kano 10.6 10.5 7.9 7.6 7 7.1 20.8 25 2.1 1.4 48.5 51.5 Katsina 11.5 10.3 7.8 7.1 6.9 7.4 21.7 22.8 2.5 2 50.4 49.6 Kebbi 11 10.3 7.5 7.5 7.4 7 22 24 2 1.2 49.9 50.1 Kogi 7.9 7.1 6.2 5.2 5.8 5.1 25.6 30.3 2.6 4.1 48.2 51.8 Kwara 8.1 7.3 7.3 7 6.6 6.5 25.7 26.2 2.6 2.6 50.3 49.7 Lagos 6.3 6.1 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.2 31.6 30.6 2.7 2.2 50.8 49.2 Nasarawa 10.1 9.3 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.3 24.6 27.4 0.9 1 49.1 50.9 Niger 10.3 11.2 7.9 7.1 8 5.9 22.9 24.3 1.3 1.1 50.4 49.6 Ogun 6.9 6 6.1 4.7 6.1 6 27.3 31.3 2.5 3.1 48.8 51.2 Ondo 7.6 7.3 5.4 6.4 6.8 6.9 25.8 27.7 2.6 3.4 48.2 51.8 Osun 6.5 7.3 6.5 5.3 6.2 6.6 23.6 29.1 3.1 5.7 46 54 Oyo 7 6.9 5.8 5.1 6.9 6.5 25.8 28.1 3.5 4.3 49.1 50.9 Plateau 8.7 8.5 5.6 6 5.8 6.4 27.3 27.3 2.3 2.2 49.6 50.4 Rivers 6.9 6.5 5 4.8 6 6 29.5 30.3 2.2 2.9 49.5 50.5 Sokoto 10.7 10.1 8 6.9 8.6 5.6 24.1 24 1.7 0.4 53.1 46.9 Taraba 8.6 9.6 7.1 6.9 6.5 6.9 24.1 27.6 1.9 0.8 48.2 51.8 Yobe 12.2 10.8 7.5 7.5 6.9 7.7 21.3 22.8 2.2 1 50.2 49.8 Zamfara 10.5 10.8 8 7.5 8 6.1 21.3 25.4 1.8 0.5 49.6 50.4 FCT 8.5 8.7 6.3 5.7 7.2 6.2 26 29.1 1.2 1.1 49.2 50.8 7 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 NIGERIA LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY - 2018/2019 AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE, DEPENDENCY RATIO AND SHARE OF FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS (IN PERCENT TO TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS) AVERAGE DEPENDENCY AVERAGE SHARE HOUSEHOLD RATIO OF FEMALE HEADED SIZE HOUSEHOLDS 5.06 0.97 18.8 Nigeria AVERAGE DEPENDENCY AVERAGE SHARE HOUSEHOLD RATIO OF FEMALE HEADED SIZE HOUSEHOLDS 4.50 0.84 21.4 Urban AVERAGE DEPENDENCY AVERAGE SHARE HOUSEHOLD RATIO OF FEMALE HEADED SIZE HOUSEHOLDS 5.42 1.05 17.1 Rural AVERAGE DEPENDENCY AVERAGE SHARE HOUSEHOLD RATIO OF FEMALE HEADED STATE SIZE HOUSEHOLDS Abia 4.15 0.95 30.6 Adamawa 6.37 0.97 9.3 Akwa Ibom 4.39 0.83 28.2 Anambra 4.61 0.98 25.6 Bauchi 6.79 1.27 2.1 Bayelsa 3.69 0.70 29.3 Benue 5.25 0.93 15.5 8 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 NIGERIA LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY - 2018/2019 AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE, DEPENDENCY RATIO AND SHARE OF FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS (IN PERCENT TO TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS) AVERAGE DEPENDENCY AVERAGE SHARE HOUSEHOLD RATIO OF FEMALE HEADED STATE SIZE HOUSEHOLDS Borno ----- ----- ----- Cross River 3.89 0.72 28.5 Delta 4.28 0.88 31.0 Ebonyi 5.18 1.07 36.0 Edo 4.52 0.91 25.2 Ekiti 3.50 0.75 25.3 Enugu 4.11 0.98 35.7 Gombe 6.69 1.18 6.3 Imo 4.53 0.97 27.5 Jigawa 8.15 1.40 3.2 Kaduna 6.24 1.07 8.8 Kano 7.04 1.28 4.7 Katsina 6.80 1.31 3.9 Kebbi 6.39 1.24 4.3 Kogi 4.94 0.90 27.1 9 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 NIGERIA LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY - 2018/2019 AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE, DEPENDENCY RATIO AND SHARE OF FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS (IN PERCENT TO TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS) AVERAGE DEPENDENCY AVERAGE SHARE HOUSEHOLD RATIO OF FEMALE HEADED STATE SIZE HOUSEHOLDS Kwara 4.73 0.99 19.9 Lagos 3.51 0.63 19.4 Nasarawa 6.56 1.05 7.8 Niger 7.50 1.22 1.9 Ogun 4.04 0.79 26.0 Ondo 3.88 0.90 28.9 Osun 4.02 0.93 30.9 Oyo 4.14 0.92 23.8 Plateau 5.61 0.93 9.0 Rivers 4.73 0.78 24.9 Sokoto 5.93 1.20 4.0 Taraba 6.39 1.03 8.8 Yobe 6.87 1.37 3.5 Zamfara 6.54 1.22 3.9 FCT 6.05 0.89 8.0 10 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 1.4: Marital Status by Sex (in percent of population above 12 years of age) Divorced/ Never Married Married (Mono) Married (Poly) Informal Union Widowed Separated Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 49.9 34.1 36.7 41.9 9.9 9.6 0.7 1 1.4 2.6 1.3 10.7 Urban 50.7 38.6 39.3 42 6.6 5.3 0.4 0.6 1.5 3.3 1.5 10.2 Rural 49.4 31.5 35.2 41.9 11.9 12.2 0.8 1.3 1.3 2.2 1.2 10.9 Abia 49.5 35.4 44 40.7 2.6 2.4 0.3 0.5 1.2 1 2.4 20.1 Adamawa 57.6 37.6 33.2 36.4 7.1 13 0 0 1.5 4.8 0.5 8.2 Akwa Ibom 53.9 37.7 38 35.8 0.9 0.4 3.1 4.8 2.3 4.4 1.7 16.9 Anambra 47.1 32.7 46 45.6 3.3 1.3 0 0.1 1.1 1.8 2.5 18.4 Bauchi 45 26.9 35.3 39.3 18.1 27.7 0 0 1.4 1.3 0.3 4.8 Bayelsa 51.7 39.4 35.6 35.9 1.5 0.7 4.8 6.6 4.6 9 1.9 8.4 Benue 54.1 34.6 33.3 44.2 9.4 6.5 0.2 0.8 1.1 2.1 1.9 11.9 Borno Cross River 55 40.2 33.4 35.1 5.7 5.6 1 3.2 3.4 5.7 1.5 10.2 Delta 52.8 39.9 29.9 29.1 5.8 3.2 9.3 11.2 1.2 4.2 1.1 12.5 Ebonyi 54.6 40.3 36.1 36.5 7.3 0.6 0 1.1 0.9 1 1.2 20.5 Edo 52 39.5 39 41.5 5.3 2.1 0 0.2 1 4.3 2.7 12.4 Ekiti 44.1 30.2 44.2 47.1 9 4.8 0.5 0.6 1.3 2.5 0.8 14.7 Enugu 48.3 35.2 46.1 40.2 2.2 0.6 0.2 0.3 1 1 2.2 22.7 Gombe 54.1 30.9 30.9 59.9 14 0.3 0 0.1 0.5 2 0.5 6.8 Imo 49.6 39.4 43.2 38.5 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.4 2.3 1.8 3.3 19.1 Jigawa 53.2 29.5 30.2 31.6 15.1 32.8 0 0 0.6 1.1 0.8 5 Kaduna 51.3 33 34 32.5 13.9 26 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.6 7.6 Kano 48.1 30.3 32.6 61 18.3 0.9 0 0 0.7 1.6 0.3 6.2 Katsina 49.2 24.5 28.1 45.5 21.7 21.1 0 0 0.8 1.8 0.2 7.2 Kebbi 45.9 26.6 35.1 38.2 18.1 29 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.6 5.9 Kogi 53.7 33.6 28.3 42.5 15.2 4.5 0.2 1.1 1.3 5.2 1.3 13 Kwara 50.5 33.6 34.1 34.9 14.1 20.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.7 9.8 Lagos 44.1 35.5 48.7 49.6 2.1 2.1 0 0 2.7 3.4 2.4 9.3 Nasarawa 54.1 36.9 34.4 39.3 10.9 14.1 0 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.5 8.5 Niger 52 29.5 31.4 53.6 15.7 10.6 0 0 0.1 0.7 0.8 5.6 Ogun 47.3 37.3 38 42.9 7.8 1.2 0 0.2 4.9 6.8 1.8 11.6 Ondo 48.5 32.4 37 37.8 10.3 9.7 0.2 1 2.9 5.2 1.1 14 Osun 45.3 34.9 39.6 41 12.7 7.1 0.3 0.8 1.1 2.1 1 14.1 Oyo 46.4 35.9 36.9 41.6 13.6 7 0.1 0.2 1.6 4.5 1.4 10.8 Plateau 50.2 36.3 37.4 51.4 9.4 2.3 0.1 0.1 1.3 2.2 1.6 7.6 Rivers 57.3 46.3 35 34.3 1 0.9 3 3.5 1.1 2.4 2.5 12.6 Sokoto 46.2 22.3 41.5 46.8 11.1 25.7 0 0 0.3 0.5 0.8 4.8 Taraba 53.8 37 32 29.4 12.5 25.3 0.2 0.7 1.2 2 0.4 5.7 Yobe 48.2 27.2 34.9 35.4 15.4 30.7 0 0 1.1 1.3 0.3 5.5 Zamfara 46.5 20.9 33.2 31.5 20.1 43.8 0 0 0.2 0.2 0.1 3.6 FCT 53 38.8 33.4 45.8 12.2 9.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.6 5.1 11 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 SECTION II: EDUCATION Highlights: Self-reported literacy rates in reading and writing in English is generally higher among 1 males, 58.5 percent versus 49.0 percent for females. The English literacy is highest in Lagos and lowest in Jigawa state. Among those who are in the age category of 15-24 y.o. the prevalence of English literacy is the higher, reaching 78.3 percent for males than for females - 72.3 percent. The gender gap 2 in English literacy is negligible among group of 10-14 y.o., but the gap widens with the age: by the age of 65 and above the gap between men and women reaches 28.9 percentage points. On average men have higher years of education, 6.6 years as compared to women, 5.6 3 years. This pattern is similar across urban and rural areas. Population in Lagos and Rivers states have highest average years of education, while Zamfara has the lowest. Net attendance rate among children of primary school age in Nigeria is 65.8 percent. The highest rate of net attendance is in FCT Abuja, while the lowest in Yobe state. Net 4 attendance declines with level of schooling: the attendance at the Junior-Secondary school is 38.2 percent and at the Senior-Secondary level is 33.8 percent. Similar to net attendance the pattern is for the gross enrollment: rates decline with level of schooling: at the Primary level, the enrollment rate is 87.1 percent; at the Junior- 5 Secondary level – 67.6 and at Senior-Secondary Level – 63.0 percent. Pro-male gender gap in enrollment rates stays relatively constant at 3-4 percentage points across all three levels of schooling. 12 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Highlights: Majority - around 58 percent of children attend public schools, and 32 percent attend 6 private educational institutions. Close to 85 percent of children in state of Niger rely on public schools, while in state of Abia only 31 percent go to Government schools. For about 39.3 percent of children in Nigeria, it takes up to 30 minutes to reach the school. In state of Sokoto, 72.4 percent of students live within 15-minute proximity to school. 7 While in Ebonyi state, third of school children have to travel up to 45 minutes to reach the school. In Nigeria, about 14.3 percent of population above 5 years of age have never attended school. That number is higher in rural areas – 18.9 percent as compared to urban areas- 6.3 percent. The higher the age the higher the number of people with no schooling: among age 8 group of 65 and above, 26.7 percent of men and 62.4 percent of women never went to school. The lowest rate is among the youth of 15-24 y.o., where 6.1 percent of males and 16.9 percent of females have not attended school. Among the primary reasons of never attending the school, the reluctance and lack of 9 interest on the parent's part dominate the list of answers, as reported by 43.0 and 56.8 percent of male and female respondents respectively. In Nigeria, 30 and 22 percent of males and females above 25 years of age report having Senior-Secondary level of education as highest educational qualification. Only 16 percent 10 of males and 8 percent of females report having tertiary level of education. In Lagos 31.6 percent of males and 23.9 percent of females have tertiary education, while in Zamfara only 3.9 percent of men and less than a percent of women obtained tertiary degree. 13 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.1: Percentage Reporting Literacy by Language and Sex (in percent of population above 5 years of age) English Igbo Hausa Yoruba Other Language Any Language Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female All NIGERIA 58.5 49 7.4 7.3 18.1 12 13.9 13.1 13.7 9.4 68.6 57.9 63.2 Urban 76.2 68.5 7.9 8.1 17.3 13.4 29.8 28.3 10.2 7.5 82.5 76 79.2 Rural 48.5 38.1 7.1 6.9 18.5 11.2 4.9 4.6 15.6 10.4 60.8 47.8 54.2 Abia 74.9 70.8 44 44.6 1.1 0.4 0 0.1 1.2 0.9 76.3 72.8 74.5 Adamawa 52.2 38.9 0.4 0 52.7 42.6 0.1 0.1 4.5 2.9 61.5 50.5 56.1 Akwa Ibom 74.3 69.5 1.5 0.1 0.5 0 0.8 0.4 49.6 49.4 75.9 72.7 74.3 Anambra 70.3 67.6 52.3 55.6 1.5 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.6 72.1 71.4 71.7 Bauchi 26.9 17.8 0 0 46.5 34.4 0.2 0.1 25.2 19.3 57.5 42.7 49.9 Bayelsa 91.3 83.8 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 1 0.3 8.7 3.2 91.6 84.4 88.1 Benue 56.5 38.8 0.7 0.5 1.6 0.9 0.1 0.1 30.6 17 58.5 41.8 50.2 Borno Cross River 67.4 56 1.5 0.4 0.2 0 0.4 0.4 8.8 5.4 67.7 56.2 61.9 Delta 86.6 74 7.5 5.3 1.7 0.7 2 2.3 17 10.8 87.3 74.7 80.6 Ebonyi 67.4 56.2 59.2 49.4 0 0 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 67.6 56.6 61.6 Edo 73.4 67.2 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.9 9.2 4.6 73.7 67.3 70.4 Ekiti 72.7 61.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 0.8 68.3 64.2 4.5 3.6 80.5 71.5 76 Enugu 80.1 70.2 46.5 41.9 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 80.4 70.8 75.1 Gombe 36.7 26.1 0.2 0 43.9 30.4 0.4 0.5 15.2 15.1 58.5 45.4 51.9 Imo 77.9 71.7 53.5 50.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.8 1 0.3 78.4 72.8 75.4 Jigawa 21.2 13 0 0 36.7 25.3 0 0 12.1 3 43.1 27.1 35.3 Kaduna 46.8 33.5 0 0.1 31 21.5 0.9 0.9 23.2 13.4 64.3 45.9 54.9 Kano 36.8 25.9 0.2 0 50 36.2 0.3 0.2 3.6 1.1 53.8 37.9 45.5 Katsina 34 20.5 0.1 0 45.9 27.8 0.1 0.2 25.2 10.8 57.3 33.7 45.5 Kebbi 32.3 18 0 0 39.5 20 0.1 0.2 48.6 36.1 66.3 47.6 56.9 Kogi 65.9 52.4 0.2 0.1 2.3 2.1 6.8 6 17.1 9.7 67.8 54 60.6 Kwara 57.2 44.2 0.1 0.2 1.3 0.2 41.6 35.5 11 3.1 60.8 47.4 54.2 Lagos 92.9 88.6 6.9 7.8 2.3 2 47.4 45.8 2.7 2.8 94.2 91.3 92.8 Nasarawa 53.5 37.3 0.6 0.5 24.2 13.2 0.5 0.4 3.9 1.7 55.4 38.8 46.9 Niger 39.5 24 0.8 0.7 18.4 9.9 1 0.8 4.8 1.9 41.3 25.5 33.6 Ogun 65.6 60.5 3.8 3.4 0.5 0.4 61.1 57.7 1.9 0.7 74.4 71 72.6 Ondo 74.7 62.4 1.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 62.2 56.1 2.3 2.2 80 70 74.8 Osun 66.4 59 0.4 0.3 1.6 0.4 66.5 62.3 3.8 1.3 76.4 68.5 72.1 Oyo 63.1 59.7 1.6 1.7 1.9 0.3 68.3 65.5 3.5 1.6 74.3 72.1 73.2 Plateau 61.7 48.1 1.2 1.1 45.9 33.7 0.9 0.5 17.6 12 68.4 56.9 62.6 Rivers 85 79.1 6.8 4.4 0.3 0 0.6 0.5 2.2 1.9 85 79.2 82.1 Sokoto 22 13.9 0.2 0.2 29.8 17 0.4 0.7 27.2 17.6 48.4 32.5 40.9 Taraba 49.6 30.6 0.1 0 42.5 27.1 0 0 21.3 17.4 64 46.8 55.1 Yobe 24.5 12.9 0.2 0.1 30.4 17 0.2 0 24.4 14.7 46.6 26.8 36.7 Zamfara 23 11.7 0.2 0.3 38.3 22.2 0.4 0.1 37.8 37 56.9 47.4 52.1 FCT 74 58.9 5.3 5.4 30.4 27.8 4.8 3.4 41.3 41.1 83.1 76.7 79.9 14 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.2: Percentage Reporting Literacy in English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 05-Sep Oct-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 21.5 24.5 57 57.6 78.3 72.3 76.7 58.9 68.3 49.1 Urban 36.9 42.8 75.5 78.7 93.5 91 90.1 81.4 86.5 69.4 Rural 14.4 16.2 47.8 46.4 69.5 61.2 68.2 45.7 55.4 36.6 Abia 24.8 36.5 81.2 84.5 90.6 94.6 88.4 93.9 86.9 84.7 Adamawa 8.2 10.3 50.5 41.6 72.2 64.1 74.1 56.4 63.1 30.2 Akwa Ibom 33.5 38.3 82.6 91.4 91.9 95.5 89.1 85.4 77.5 66 Anambra 21.6 30.4 82.2 82.3 91.6 95.2 84.8 87.8 82.2 82.1 Bauchi 3.5 2.9 22.4 20.4 43.4 32 42.5 24.2 38.2 15.7 Bayelsa 65.5 68.5 93.2 95.2 96.7 94.4 97.6 95.8 99.2 86 Benue 6.2 6.8 39.9 35.2 78 68.4 85.1 48.3 72.8 44.2 Borno Cross River 26.4 19.4 58.3 66 91.2 88.8 82.4 73.7 73.8 48.2 Delta 58.6 61 90.4 87.8 96 96 96.9 86.2 90.7 67.9 Ebonyi 17.7 15.1 59.7 64.2 98.4 96.9 93.1 89.4 86.9 63.9 Edo 47 47.4 64.1 85.5 90.7 92.9 89.5 75.8 73.9 61.5 Ekiti 38.2 31.9 72.9 86.4 96.5 89.2 84.8 74.3 72.3 64.4 Enugu 50 55.7 87.4 92.2 97.6 98.3 93 93.1 90.4 75 Gombe 12.4 13 29.9 31.1 52.4 40.9 56.7 34.7 41.8 19.1 Imo 11.7 20.2 79.5 82.1 96 98.3 93.9 97.3 88.8 88.7 Jigawa 1.1 2.2 15.2 19.2 44.6 32.4 44.6 10 17.8 6.6 Kaduna 5.7 9.4 38.3 29.8 74.1 59 68.1 39.3 57 29.9 Kano 3.3 3.9 38.4 38.2 69.6 55.5 59.8 27.8 46.9 19.9 Katsina 8.7 6.4 33 34.1 57.5 40.5 56 19.2 42.5 16.2 Kebbi 12 6 42.7 28.1 49.8 34 38.5 17.1 27.1 13.1 Kogi 19.3 28.8 61 71.7 91.6 88.7 92.1 67.8 81.9 48.3 Kwara 32.2 27 58 66.7 74.8 68.9 78.2 49.9 68.3 46.2 Lagos 83.2 85.7 98.8 98.7 97.6 95.4 93.3 96.5 93.9 90.7 Nasarawa 8.9 10.9 45.7 46.9 83.1 67.4 79.5 46.6 65.7 31.3 Niger 9.2 10.8 41.6 37.3 67.3 38.9 55.7 26.7 40.8 20.5 Ogun 16.5 32 75 80 88.4 91.3 85.4 70.9 64.6 52.2 Ondo 35.4 46.2 85.8 80.2 88.6 90.5 88.6 74.3 79.3 58.2 Osun 33.4 38.7 70.8 75.7 91.5 91.6 82 75.6 79.1 56.6 Oyo 25.9 41.7 70.9 85.6 84.5 87.5 75.6 66.5 65.4 52 Plateau 14.4 12.5 50.8 50.3 86 79.5 84.7 60.5 65.6 46.9 Rivers 49.3 64 90.2 94.8 95.6 96.2 93.5 94.3 90.2 78.2 Sokoto 7.9 4.6 22.7 20.5 32.7 28 35.2 13 29.4 13.3 Taraba 15.9 15.2 47.2 37 68.4 48.4 72 40.6 64.7 18.6 Yobe 2.8 3.3 23.6 18.2 44.4 28.1 48.2 13.2 24.7 8.8 Zamfara 2.8 3.6 21.2 20.6 48.3 30.1 54.3 8.9 19.5 2.4 FCT 44.6 37.1 76.5 71.4 93.3 84.1 88.3 62.9 82.4 57.8 15 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.2 (cont.): Percentage Reporting Literacy in English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 12 years of age) 45-54 55-64 65+ All Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female All NIGERIA 63.6 44.7 58.3 32.9 45.1 16.2 58.5 49 53.7 Urban 81.5 64.2 75.1 47 61.5 22.9 76.2 68.5 72.3 Rural 52.5 32.4 48 24.4 36.6 12.3 48.5 38.1 43.2 Abia 77.7 74.8 80.2 54.2 77.4 30.9 74.9 70.8 72.7 Adamawa 59.8 20.4 51.9 12.8 17.4 4.5 52.2 38.9 45.6 Akwa Ibom 70.6 57.7 69 25.9 72.7 30.4 74.3 69.5 71.8 Anambra 81.2 73.6 76.3 57.4 50.5 14.9 70.3 67.6 68.9 Bauchi 29.5 10.8 21.4 2.9 12.9 2.2 26.9 17.8 22.2 Bayelsa 95.7 68.1 90.1 60.2 74.4 24.9 91.3 83.8 87.6 Benue 72 39.3 63.9 21.1 46.1 7.7 56.5 38.8 47.7 Borno Cross River 69.1 47.1 62.8 28 52 13.8 67.4 56 61.6 Delta 83.2 63.6 85 51.1 81.3 20.4 86.6 74 79.9 Ebonyi 83.8 33.2 64 20.7 41.5 8.4 67.4 56.2 61.3 Edo 72.4 57.8 79.1 44.3 69.7 33.3 73.4 67.2 70.3 Ekiti 74 63.9 75.7 29.3 48.2 17.1 72.7 61.2 67 Enugu 83.4 67.2 85.6 34.9 55.1 14.7 80.1 70.2 74.6 Gombe 35.2 26.4 43.3 5.9 20.7 5.6 36.7 26.1 31.4 Imo 88.8 82.9 87.6 58.9 79.5 28.7 77.9 71.7 74.7 Jigawa 15.5 3.8 19.8 8.6 8.9 3.6 21.2 13 17.2 Kaduna 48 32.4 40.5 31.6 30.6 9.5 46.8 33.5 40 Kano 46.4 14.1 25.8 10.2 13.3 3.1 36.8 25.9 31.1 Katsina 37.5 7.8 20.3 3.1 9.7 2 34 20.5 27.2 Kebbi 37.6 11.9 28.4 4.2 10.2 1.2 32.3 18 25.1 Kogi 69.1 35.2 72.1 20.7 35.1 2.9 65.9 52.4 58.9 Kwara 68.7 33.2 43.7 10.5 20.6 5.6 57.2 44.2 50.7 Lagos 94.5 81.4 88.1 71.7 86.7 51.2 92.9 88.6 90.8 Nasarawa 53.6 11.7 55.4 9.9 16.3 5.4 53.5 37.3 45.2 Niger 45 14.2 34 7.3 11.2 0 39.5 24 31.9 Ogun 67.6 48.1 72.5 41.6 52 8.1 65.6 60.5 62.9 Ondo 72.4 51.8 80.8 45.8 65.4 17.1 74.7 62.4 68.2 Osun 60.9 54.6 57.6 33.9 49 11.1 66.4 59 62.4 Oyo 69.6 58 69.4 30.4 35.5 12.6 63.1 59.7 61.4 Plateau 64.5 47.8 72.2 21.1 33.5 11.6 61.7 48.1 54.8 Rivers 86.5 57 82.7 47.9 77 25.8 85 79.1 82 Sokoto 24.9 2.7 11.6 4.1 4.8 0 22 13.9 18.2 Taraba 48 17.1 44.9 13.3 29.7 4.5 49.6 30.6 39.8 Yobe 21.9 4.1 20.2 0 6.2 0 24.5 12.9 18.7 Zamfara 23 4.8 10.8 0 5.6 0 23 11.7 17.3 FCT 70.6 36.9 72.6 20.8 19.6 6.3 74 58.9 66.3 16 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.3: Percentage Reporting Literacy in Language Other Than English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 05-Sep Oct-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 10.7 10.8 40.2 40.6 60.3 55.7 62.7 48.4 62.1 45.8 Urban 13.9 15.1 53.2 54.4 71.8 69.5 71.9 66 73.6 64.7 Rural 9.2 8.8 33.8 33.2 53.5 47.6 56.8 38.1 53.9 34.1 Abia 3 3.3 39.5 30.6 55.8 67.1 49.3 65.5 59.8 60.3 Adamawa 5.5 10.2 43.7 42.5 73.8 68.8 78.7 64.4 74.7 41.9 Akwa Ibom 2.7 1.9 22.7 33.6 64.1 70.7 74.2 67.1 69.8 60.5 Anambra 8 14 55.1 58.7 74 79.2 61.9 71.1 60.7 73.3 Bauchi 11.5 13.6 51.1 46.9 75.6 58.3 82.3 52.3 81.8 46.1 Bayelsa 1 0 1.4 0 7.9 5.9 14.4 6.5 19.9 7.5 Benue 0 0 7.2 2.9 31.7 24.2 52.4 29.2 47.4 22.3 Borno Cross River 0 0.3 1 4.1 9.3 6.3 12 9.6 18.7 10.7 Delta 2.3 0.7 10.7 11.9 22.5 23.6 32.7 27.8 49 26.7 Ebonyi 6 9.8 49.6 53.4 92.1 90.3 83.3 80 78.6 57 Edo 0 0 1.9 2.3 6.1 4.6 15.1 13.3 17 9.2 Ekiti 20.5 18.5 71.7 82.7 86.8 90.4 83.4 82.2 83.5 70.5 Enugu 13.2 10 41.1 44.2 64.4 72.6 62.8 59.7 50 42.5 Gombe 21 23.2 53 50.7 70.9 54.9 75 54.4 69.9 44.1 Imo 0.7 3.5 35.5 38.1 72 72.7 64.2 72.4 68.5 62.3 Jigawa 7.7 8.4 42.4 43.5 64.2 45.8 70.2 24.7 52 22.7 Kaduna 6.4 4.5 23 18.9 56.3 47 67.9 45.9 70.7 39.5 Kano 11.8 9.7 61.1 59.8 77.4 68.1 78.1 40.2 71.3 30.6 Katsina 10.8 10.3 57.5 53.2 80.8 55.9 82.4 35.8 75 26.7 Kebbi 27.8 27.5 72 55.1 84.4 64.1 77.2 47.9 74.9 51.2 Kogi 3.6 1 11.4 9 26.8 28.6 33.7 25.4 41.3 18.1 Kwara 27.8 14.9 49.6 50.7 63.1 63.8 74.9 48.6 69.6 47.1 Lagos 7.5 6.1 32.6 41.8 60 59.9 66.1 72.6 78.2 78 Nasarawa 0.4 0 8.2 12.4 39.1 27.6 42.4 24.3 42.9 12.9 Niger 0.6 0.4 10.6 8.6 40.3 24.7 39.8 18.1 31.5 17.2 Ogun 4.4 7.5 57.8 54.6 88.8 90.8 80.7 73.4 80.8 68.6 Ondo 17.9 25.4 59.9 63.3 76.4 78.4 81.5 72.7 73.1 64.7 Osun 9.1 17.7 67.4 71.1 92.1 96 92 84.8 85.9 74 Oyo 22.2 29.5 78 84.4 87.9 87.9 82.3 76.4 81.7 78.8 Plateau 3.7 3 18 15.9 70.7 64 78.5 59.1 64.5 53.2 Rivers 0 0 3.7 3 8.9 8.2 11.7 9.4 16.7 5.6 Sokoto 14.6 10.7 48 38.7 57.3 50.1 65.3 34.6 67.9 36.5 Taraba 16 12 47.7 44.2 73.8 58.7 73.4 46.7 65 34.8 Yobe 8.8 9.1 37.7 35 64.8 45.4 71.3 31.6 62.5 23.8 Zamfara 28.4 34.4 55.4 58.1 80.9 67.3 79.5 40.7 57.5 44.6 FCT 53.9 50.6 62.1 61.3 78.5 72 74.7 71.4 78.9 73.5 17 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.3 (cont.): Percentage Reporting Literacy in Language Other Than English by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) 45-54 55-64 65+ All Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female All NIGERIA 61.8 44.7 61.7 34.8 52.7 20.2 48 39.1 43.5 Urban 74.7 62.5 74 51.1 66.9 32.7 59.9 53.9 56.9 Rural 53.9 33.4 54.2 24.9 45.4 12.9 41.3 30.7 35.9 Abia 59.2 59 58.7 49.3 64.7 31.7 46 45.7 45.9 Adamawa 74.6 33.4 55.6 14.3 32.1 7.1 54.8 43.9 49.4 Akwa Ibom 68.4 62.5 69.6 41.9 76.5 28.4 51 49.6 50.3 Anambra 72.3 67.2 59.8 57 58.7 26.6 53.7 56.2 55 Bauchi 65.8 42.1 74.1 36.4 60.6 33.1 57.2 42.2 49.5 Bayelsa 24.7 8.6 18.2 3.3 26.8 8.8 11.4 4.9 8.2 Benue 56.8 35.2 62.3 24.8 45.5 1.9 31.2 17.6 24.4 Borno Cross River 23.6 7.2 24.7 8.4 19.3 3.9 10.8 6.1 8.5 Delta 46.8 25.6 46.2 19.1 38.8 9.6 26.9 18.2 22.2 Ebonyi 78.1 31.8 63.5 16.7 38.3 5.5 59.4 49.8 54.1 Edo 21 6.7 31.7 11.3 24.3 8 11.1 6.4 8.7 Ekiti 85 82.2 84.2 61 63 30.7 72.2 66.3 69.3 Enugu 35.4 49.5 67.1 30.6 45.4 9.9 46.5 42.3 44.2 Gombe 65.9 53.5 73 38.2 67.1 29.1 57.2 44.1 50.7 Imo 63.1 71.1 70.4 44.9 67.5 27.2 54.3 50.8 52.4 Jigawa 51.6 14.6 40.9 8.6 39.5 9 42.3 26.5 34.6 Kaduna 60.9 42.4 66.6 24.7 59.3 16.4 45.3 30.8 37.8 Kano 63 21.6 58.6 15.5 31.1 4.6 52.7 37.1 44.6 Katsina 63.4 16.2 53.9 10.1 53 8.6 55.6 32.4 44 Kebbi 71.7 43.9 77.9 29.3 53.2 25.2 64.6 46.6 55.6 Kogi 41.3 13.9 40 22.3 33 4.9 24.6 16.7 20.5 Kwara 61.1 30.9 48.9 13.3 32.6 10.4 52.6 38.7 45.7 Lagos 81.2 72.2 77.9 69.1 83.7 71.6 58.8 57.7 58.2 Nasarawa 40.5 15.7 49.7 8.5 41.1 3.3 27.1 15.3 21 Niger 34.4 11.3 28.3 5.9 10.4 0 22.3 12.4 17.4 Ogun 80.5 67.3 88.6 61.1 75.9 35.3 66.4 61.4 63.8 Ondo 80.6 62.3 86.3 66.6 77.8 32.4 65.4 58.3 61.7 Osun 83.2 74.6 78.9 52.5 68.8 13.9 68.3 62.9 65.4 Oyo 79.1 77.9 86 53.3 62 21.9 71 67.1 69 Plateau 65.3 53.9 78.2 43.2 57.7 17.6 52.5 40.4 46.3 Rivers 14.1 14.3 14.9 10.5 12.8 2.8 9.5 6.6 8 Sokoto 63.9 26.2 43 12.9 52.5 11.7 47.4 31.4 39.9 Taraba 64.2 39.8 59.1 27.8 48.2 16.5 53.8 39 46.1 Yobe 68 11.3 61.1 8.1 44.4 4 45.9 26.2 36 Zamfara 59.8 42.9 54.6 32.6 64.4 18.4 56.4 46.9 51.6 FCT 78.8 61.4 77.3 59.8 53.8 45.3 70 65.2 67.5 18 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.4: Average Years of Education by Sex and Age Groups (in percent of population above 5 years of age) May-14 15-24 25-34 35-64 65+ All* Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female All NIGERIA 2.9 2.9 9.4 8.9 10.7 8.5 9.1 6.5 6.1 2.6 6.6 5.6 6.1 Urban 3.2 3.4 11 10.7 12.4 11.2 11.3 8.8 8.3 3.7 8.2 7.3 7.7 Rural 2.7 2.7 8.4 7.8 9.6 7 7.7 5.1 5 1.9 5.7 4.6 5.1 Abia 3.4 3.3 10.5 11.4 12 12 9.9 9 8.7 3.7 7.6 7.3 7.4 Adamawa 2.6 2.5 8.1 7.7 9.9 7.2 8.3 3.8 2.8 0.4 5.9 4.4 5.2 Akwa Ibom 3.3 3.2 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.4 9.2 6.8 8.9 3.2 7.4 6.8 7.1 Anambra 2.8 3 10 10.6 10.6 11.3 8.8 9.2 6.5 3.3 6.8 7 6.9 Bauchi 2.1 2.2 6.9 5.5 7.9 4.7 6.4 3.7 4.2 2.5 4.5 3.3 3.9 Bayelsa 3.6 3.8 10.6 10.9 12 11.2 11.3 7.9 7.7 1.8 8.4 7.5 8 Benue 2.6 2.3 9.1 9 11.9 8.3 9.8 6 5.3 0.9 6.9 5.3 6.1 Borno Cross River 3.2 3.5 10.6 10.6 11.2 10.5 9.7 7 6.1 1.5 7.5 6.7 7.1 Delta 3.4 3.4 10.2 10.8 11.9 10.6 10.9 8.1 9.8 2.5 7.9 6.8 7.3 Ebonyi 2.4 2.3 9.3 9.5 10.5 9.3 7.5 3.8 3.4 0.4 5.7 4.8 5.2 Edo 2.9 3.5 11.1 10.9 12.6 11.2 10.4 8 8.1 4.3 7.9 7.2 7.5 Ekiti 3.5 3.6 10.6 10.7 12.1 11 10.8 9.2 6.8 3.1 8 7.3 7.7 Enugu 2.8 3.1 9.9 10.3 11.2 11.4 8.4 6.7 4.2 1.2 6.5 6.2 6.3 Gombe 2.2 2.4 7.2 5.9 8.5 5.7 6.8 4.3 4.6 2.6 4.9 3.7 4.3 Imo 3.6 3.5 11.3 11.4 12.2 12.6 10.2 9.5 7.1 2.8 8 7.7 7.9 Jigawa 3.1 3.2 8 6.7 8.7 5.2 6.2 4.6 4.9 4.3 5 4.1 4.6 Kaduna 3.1 2.9 9.7 8.5 10.7 7.2 8.9 5.7 5.7 2.6 6.5 5.1 5.8 Kano 2.5 2.5 8.4 7.6 9.2 5 7.1 3.8 3 1.9 4.9 3.8 4.3 Katsina 2.6 2.7 7.4 6.1 8.2 4.1 6.4 3.3 4.4 1.7 4.7 3.3 4 Kebbi 2.5 2.8 6.8 5.4 6.6 3.8 5.9 3.5 3.6 1.7 4.3 3.3 3.8 Kogi 2.9 3.1 10.4 10.1 12.3 9.7 10.2 5.5 4.5 0.5 7.3 5.8 6.5 Kwara 2.2 2.5 9 8.1 10.8 7 8.6 4.1 2.9 0.8 5.9 4.3 5.1 Lagos 3.5 3.5 11.5 10.7 12.6 12.5 12.1 10.3 10.4 6.7 9.4 8.4 8.9 Nasarawa 2.9 3.1 9.5 8.6 11.3 6.8 8.6 3.7 3.6 0.7 6.4 4.6 5.5 Niger 1.9 1.6 7.2 4.5 7.7 3.6 5.5 2.5 1.5 0.1 4.1 2.4 3.2 Ogun 2.7 2.9 10.2 10.8 11.7 10.5 10.1 7.6 7.7 2.3 7.5 6.9 7.2 Ondo 3.2 3.2 10 10.3 12 10.4 10.6 7.7 8.7 3.5 7.6 6.4 7 Osun 2.7 3.2 10.8 10.7 11.6 10.8 9.7 7.7 7.5 1.6 7.2 6.4 6.8 Oyo 3 3.3 10.2 10.4 11.1 10 10.2 8 5.6 2.3 7.1 6.6 6.8 Plateau 2.8 2.7 9.4 9 11.2 8.1 8.9 6.2 5.4 1.3 6.8 5.3 6.1 Rivers 3.3 3.8 11 11.2 12.4 12.4 11.8 9 10 5 8.8 8.1 8.5 Sokoto 3.1 3 6.5 5.8 7.1 5.5 6.7 5.2 5.2 4.5 4.8 4.2 4.5 Taraba 2.4 2.2 8 6.1 9.7 5.8 7.5 2.7 4.2 0.3 5.5 3.5 4.5 Yobe 1.9 1.9 6 4.3 7.5 2.9 5.1 1.5 3.1 0.5 3.8 2.2 3 Zamfara 3.7 3.8 8.2 6.9 9.4 5.6 6.6 5.1 5.2 5 5.4 4.7 5.1 FCT 2.8 2.7 9.9 8.9 12 7.8 9.5 5.4 1.8 0.8 6.8 5.2 6 19 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.5: Net Attendance by School Level and Sex (in percent of population of school age) Primary Junior Secondary Senior Secondary All Strata Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All NIGERIA 66.2 65.5 65.8 38.7 37.8 38.2 32.2 35.4 33.8 71.6 71 71.3 Urban 76.8 77 76.9 51.5 50.9 51.2 48 48.5 48.3 84.2 85 84.6 Rural 61.3 60 60.7 31.8 30.5 31.2 24.1 27.4 25.7 65.4 63.8 64.6 Abia 81.5 82.6 82 55.6 55.3 55.5 50.9 57.6 54.4 87.4 88.7 88.1 Adamawa 65.7 65.5 65.6 28.9 24.2 26.8 22.1 25 23.4 71.6 68.2 70 Akwa Ibom 77.3 74.1 75.8 46.8 62.7 53.1 45.8 53.2 50 84.9 85.8 85.3 Anambra 78 82.9 80.3 48.9 47.9 48.5 37.7 42.3 40 85 89.5 87.1 Bauchi 56.3 51 53.6 18.6 16.5 17.5 11.7 17.1 14.7 52.5 51.1 51.8 Bayelsa 78.4 75.4 76.9 57.1 55 56.2 43.9 50.5 47.4 83.3 79.6 81.5 Benue 69.9 64.7 67.3 30.7 35.1 32.6 25.8 28.3 26.9 79.5 75.7 77.7 Borno Cross River 70.5 75.9 73.1 43.9 51.8 47.9 50.2 43 46.9 83.7 81.5 82.6 Delta 72.9 78.8 76.2 48.9 46.6 47.7 30.7 54 43 85.7 89.5 87.7 Ebonyi 79.1 70.9 75.1 32.2 31.7 31.9 25.1 23.6 24.3 86.1 78.4 82.3 Edo 78.8 77.9 78.3 39.5 50.9 45.3 43 49.4 46.3 85 86.5 85.8 Ekiti 79.2 81.2 80.1 54.4 54.5 54.5 54.9 55 55 86.9 89.9 88.2 Enugu 81.1 81.8 81.5 59.7 52.8 56.3 40.8 43.7 42.2 87.9 90.2 89.1 Gombe 49.1 48.4 48.8 21.6 21.4 21.5 23.2 20.9 22.3 52.3 50.7 51.5 Imo 80.5 82 81.2 58.7 59.3 59 46 47.7 46.9 89 89.8 89.4 Jigawa 61.7 64.8 63.2 23.8 25.3 24.5 17.3 16.2 16.8 56.5 59 57.7 Kaduna 60.8 67.1 64 36.1 35.8 35.9 21.5 26.4 23.8 68.7 73.3 71 Kano 63.6 56.9 60.3 36.7 32.4 34.5 30.7 32.8 31.8 66.8 62.9 64.8 Katsina 61.4 60.5 60.9 19 14 16.3 12.6 22.9 16.9 58.7 56 57.4 Kebbi 43 29 36.1 11.1 11.8 11.5 11.6 16.8 14 42.8 30.7 37 Kogi 73.7 80 76.6 39.4 40.6 40 40.1 39.9 40 83.3 82.1 82.7 Kwara 64.2 62.9 63.6 40.5 32.6 36.3 29.3 38.6 33.9 66 69.1 67.5 Lagos 82 81.7 81.8 59.6 55.2 57.4 50.5 41.7 45.9 88.9 88.4 88.7 Nasarawa 65.7 72 68.9 41.1 36.5 38.9 28 29.6 28.8 74.4 74 74.2 Niger 55.5 42.8 49.7 19.9 19.8 19.8 19 16.1 17.7 56.8 45.5 51.7 Ogun 77 77.1 77.1 52.3 49.2 50.8 44 43.5 43.8 83.9 83.6 83.7 Ondo 66.5 75.2 71.1 34.7 48.2 41.4 33.8 30.1 32 77.7 84.2 81 Osun 75.2 79.4 77.1 63.1 53 57.8 48.9 49.4 49.2 82.4 87.3 84.9 Oyo 70 70.9 70.4 52.9 54.7 53.8 48.2 49.9 49.1 78.8 78.7 78.7 Plateau 78 77.8 77.9 41.9 39.6 40.6 32.5 26.6 29.9 83.4 83 83.2 Rivers 75.1 80.6 77.8 57.7 52.8 55.2 49.8 55.7 52.7 82.8 88 85.4 Sokoto 40.4 34.1 37.5 17.3 10.8 14.9 10.1 13.8 11.7 40.9 32.5 37.2 Taraba 56.5 54.1 55.3 27.5 27.1 27.3 19.9 21.7 20.8 61.8 57.6 59.7 Yobe 33 30.6 31.7 18.4 15.3 16.9 15.9 22.8 18.8 36.5 32.8 34.7 Zamfara 41.1 39.6 40.4 15.7 14.7 15.3 18.7 18.6 18.6 44 41.6 42.9 FCT 86 83.8 84.9 42.1 39.7 41 43.9 25.9 35 90 86.2 88.2 20 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.6: Gross Enrollment Rates by School Level and Sex (in percent of population of school age) Primary Junior Secondary Senior Secondary All Strata Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All NIGERIA 88.6 85.5 87.1 69.6 65.5 67.6 64 61.8 63 79.1 76.1 77.7 Urban 100.8 98.9 99.9 84.2 87.1 85.6 88 84 86 93.9 92.7 93.3 Rural 84.6 81 82.8 63.9 56.9 60.5 55.1 52.1 53.7 73.9 70 72 Abia 102.2 93.9 97.9 81.1 101.6 89.5 93.5 86.8 90 94.9 93.9 94.4 Adamawa 104 94.3 99.3 65.2 73.1 68.6 52.3 51.6 51.9 83.7 80.5 82.2 Akwa Ibom 105.6 91.8 98.9 93.9 127.8 108.2 86.4 87.9 87.2 98.4 98 98.2 Anambra 102.2 110.2 105.9 93.3 98.8 95.9 70.1 67.1 68.7 93.9 98.6 96.1 Bauchi 79.1 79.5 79.3 46.9 38.9 42.7 35.7 30.5 32.9 63.7 60.2 61.9 Bayelsa 96.5 94.8 95.7 90.5 80.9 86.2 90.9 74.3 82.4 93.8 86.6 90.4 Benue 116.8 97.8 107.2 74.6 84.5 79 78.5 68.4 73.7 97.5 88.8 93.3 Borno Cross River 96.1 94.5 95.3 89.6 81.1 85.3 107.4 97.3 102.6 96.9 91.6 94.3 Delta 103.4 107.4 105.6 101 89.3 95 84.7 100 92.4 98.3 101 99.7 Ebonyi 122.1 106.3 114.1 87.7 83.1 85.5 77.4 65 71.3 103.6 92 97.9 Edo 111.8 100.5 106.2 74.5 95 84.5 81.6 87.1 84.3 95.2 96.1 95.7 Ekiti 106 103.5 104.8 95 91.8 93.6 93.7 101.7 97.1 100 100.4 100.2 Enugu 107.6 104.4 106 114.7 111.1 112.9 78.7 87.7 83.1 102.5 102.2 102.3 Gombe 68.8 67.6 68.2 56.6 36.9 45.7 49.7 41.9 46.5 61.5 54.9 58.3 Imo 107.1 102.4 104.9 81.1 97.8 88.9 101.7 87 93.4 98.3 97.6 98 Jigawa 86.8 92.7 89.6 41.8 35.1 38.5 32.4 26.2 29.5 67.2 68 67.6 Kaduna 88.7 91.9 90.3 105.6 89.4 97.6 61.6 66.4 63.8 86 86.3 86.1 Kano 86.8 86.1 86.5 66.9 59.7 63.2 68.4 61 64.7 79 75 77.1 Katsina 83.5 82.6 83.1 45.6 24.6 33.8 38.4 38.5 38.4 67.6 60.5 64.1 Kebbi 60.4 40.8 50.7 28.1 22.4 25.2 26.4 30.6 28.3 46.7 34.8 40.9 Kogi 104.3 107 105.6 97.7 75.9 86.7 116.1 96.6 106.6 105.6 97.7 101.8 Kwara 84.6 79.8 82.3 72.2 60.2 66 51.5 64.2 57.7 75.2 72.2 73.7 Lagos 97.9 102.8 100.4 92.9 97.1 94.9 80.3 56.7 68 92.7 90.3 91.5 Nasarawa 98.9 102.5 100.7 80.9 70.3 75.8 81 72 76.4 91.1 88.9 90 Niger 75 58.4 67.4 53.9 39.7 47.8 52.2 42.1 47.7 66.1 51.6 59.6 Ogun 98.5 99.4 98.9 82.6 87.8 85.1 80.8 82.5 81.7 90.9 92.4 91.6 Ondo 102.8 95.2 98.7 78.7 92.3 85.4 64 71.2 67.3 86.9 89.8 88.4 Osun 94.6 114.2 103.7 89.7 90.4 90.1 79.4 75.3 77.1 90.7 98.9 94.8 Oyo 91.2 96.5 93.5 77.1 76.8 76.9 76.8 70.6 73.7 84.8 84.7 84.8 Plateau 108.2 116.3 112.3 103.8 80 90.6 69.1 64.9 67.3 97.8 97.5 97.7 Rivers 96 93.8 94.9 102.2 100 101.1 74.7 92.6 83.6 92.2 95 93.6 Sokoto 59.6 44.2 52.6 27.2 26 26.7 28.5 19.2 24.4 46.2 36 41.8 Taraba 88.8 91.8 90.3 71.7 50.3 60.8 59.8 46.1 52.7 79.4 72.8 76.1 Yobe 44.1 37.3 40.6 27 18.7 22.9 27.6 32 29.4 37 32.3 34.7 Zamfara 57 54 55.6 34.1 29.3 32.1 47.9 35.9 43.1 49.8 46.1 48.1 FCT 119.4 115 117.2 85.4 102.5 93.4 93.6 70.6 82.1 105.4 102.7 104.1 21 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.7: Type of School Attended Among Children (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) Government Religious* Private Other Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 58.8 57.2 7.4 8 32 32.9 1.8 1.9 Urban 50.8 50.9 3.2 3.1 45.2 44.8 0.7 1.1 Rural 63.4 61.2 9.8 11 24.4 25.5 2.4 2.3 Abia 29.8 32.5 7 5 62.6 62.3 0.6 0.2 Adamawa 76.8 76.1 0.4 1.2 22.5 22.7 0.3 0 Akwa Ibom 59.3 49.3 1.7 1.7 34.3 42.4 4.8 6.6 Anambra 36.5 41.6 15.2 15.6 40.3 37 8 5.7 Bauchi 72.3 71 13.3 14.1 12.8 12.7 1.6 2.3 Bayelsa 62.7 60.1 0 0 36.1 39 1.2 0.8 Benue 35.8 33.5 11.2 13.8 48.3 47.5 4.8 5.3 Borno Cross River 57.6 61.4 2.6 2.8 37.9 35 1.9 0.8 Delta 62.2 60 0 1.1 37.8 38.9 0 0 Ebonyi 62.9 62.1 7.6 6.3 28.6 30.9 0.9 0.7 Edo 58.2 56.7 0.5 1.1 41.3 42.2 0 0 Ekiti 71.4 67.4 1.4 3.1 26.6 27 0.7 2.5 Enugu 58.5 56 4.9 4.5 36.6 36.2 0 3.3 Gombe 72.6 67.1 6.1 7.5 18.2 23.1 3.1 2.3 Imo 56 62 7.4 9.5 36.6 28.5 0 0 Jigawa 72.9 78.6 12.9 12.2 14.2 9.2 0 0 Kaduna 60.4 64.2 15.2 13.9 24.1 21.4 0.2 0.5 Kano 77.2 71.9 2.9 5.5 19.1 20.2 0.7 2.5 Katsina 78.6 79.8 13.7 15.3 6.4 3.4 1.3 1.6 Kebbi 57.3 42 36.5 51.6 5.9 6.4 0.3 0 Kogi 40.3 40.1 7.6 11.9 42.5 41.7 9.6 6.3 Kwara 59.1 56.2 0.1 0.9 39.7 42.1 1.1 0.7 Lagos 45.1 45.4 0.9 0 54 54.6 0 0 Nasarawa 68.1 64.8 1.5 2.7 30.2 32.3 0.2 0.2 Niger 87.4 83.6 0.2 1.6 12.4 14.7 0 0 Ogun 53.9 47.8 0.5 0.4 44 50.6 1.6 1.2 Ondo 49.7 45 0.4 0.3 49.7 53.6 0.2 1.2 Osun 39.5 49.4 0 0.4 60.5 50.1 0 0 Oyo 46.8 49.4 3 0.9 49.6 48.1 0.6 1.7 Plateau 61.7 62.7 3 1.1 32.6 34.2 2.7 2.1 Rivers 49.9 43.2 1.1 0.9 44.6 51.7 4.4 4.3 Sokoto 57 47.4 13.7 16.5 28.9 36.1 0.4 0 Taraba 66.4 70.7 1.5 2.6 30.5 26.1 1.6 0.6 Yobe 68 60.4 24.1 28 7.9 9.6 0 2.1 Zamfara 41.9 38 46.2 50.4 2.2 1.5 9.7 10.1 FCT 79.1 76.9 2.8 1.5 15.9 21.2 2.2 0.4 22 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.8: Proximity to School Among Children (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) Strata Boarding 0-15 Min 16-30 Min 31-45 Min 46-60 Min 61+ Min NIGERIA 2.5 32.2 39.3 13.3 8.9 3.8 Urban 2 27 43.7 15.3 9 3 Rural 2.7 35.4 36.7 12.1 8.8 4.3 Abia 3.2 26.6 39.8 17.2 5.4 7.8 Adamawa 2.1 22.8 57.5 9.5 6.3 1.7 Akwa Ibom 2.7 17.5 41.1 23.9 12 2.8 Anambra 2.5 9.2 44.3 20.1 15.8 8 Bauchi 5.8 49.6 30.7 6.3 5.6 1.9 Bayelsa 2 29.9 45.8 17.6 4.2 0.5 Benue 4.2 13.9 31.2 17.2 21.5 12 Borno Cross River 2.2 21.4 39.6 19.9 10.2 6.7 Delta 1.6 26.5 36.3 19.7 9.4 6.4 Ebonyi 1.8 13.8 34.7 29.6 10.6 9.4 Edo 0.9 28.6 34.2 19.2 10.3 6.7 Ekiti 3.7 28.1 37 19.2 10.3 1.7 Enugu 1 32.1 33.1 16 14 3.9 Gombe 2.2 55.7 37.8 2.7 1.5 0.2 Imo 1.8 14.5 40.3 23.4 15.7 4.3 Jigawa 8.7 47.9 36.6 4.3 2 0.6 Kaduna 2.5 23.2 47.5 14.5 8.5 3.8 Kano 2.1 33.2 47.3 11.6 5.2 0.6 Katsina 2.8 34.3 42.6 11.5 7.3 1.4 Kebbi 5.1 65.7 21.9 4.6 1.8 0.9 Kogi 1.5 27.5 37.7 11.7 12.9 8.6 Kwara 1.1 36.9 41.3 13.4 5.6 1.7 Lagos 0.6 23.1 46.7 17.4 10.3 1.9 Nasarawa 1.1 40.7 38.8 9.3 5.8 4.3 Niger 2.7 45.3 40.6 5.7 2.7 3 Ogun 0.8 30 38.9 10.1 14.8 5.3 Ondo 2 30.3 38.2 8.8 14.7 5.9 Osun 1.1 23.4 47.4 12.9 11 4.2 Oyo 2.4 34.2 29.7 16 12 5.6 Plateau 2.6 31 44.8 9.8 8.2 3.7 Rivers 1.3 26.2 40.4 15.2 11.2 5.6 Sokoto 1.3 72.4 23.4 2.9 0.1 0 Taraba 0.2 36.4 33.4 10 14.1 5.9 Yobe 6.3 36.2 35.3 11.5 8.2 2.3 Zamfara 2.2 53.2 41.5 2.4 0.5 0.1 FCT 4.1 57 30.6 5.9 1.2 1.2 23 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.9: Proximity to School Among Children by Sex (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) (Primary Level) Primary Strata 0-15 Min 16-30 Min 31-45 Min 46-60 Min 61+ Min Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 35.9 36.4 42.4 42.2 11.7 11.9 7.3 6.8 2.8 2.7 Urban 32.7 32.5 45.2 47.4 12.7 12.7 7.3 5.8 2 1.6 Rural 37.5 38.6 40.8 39.2 11.2 11.4 7.2 7.4 3.2 3.4 Abia 27.6 34.9 47.8 34.1 16.4 17.8 2.4 4.5 5.9 8.7 Adamawa 20.5 30.2 64.8 54.2 8.9 9.6 4.9 5.4 0.9 0.6 Akwa Ibom 20.2 26.1 41.9 44.9 23.6 24.4 10.7 3.6 3.6 1 Anambra 13.9 8.4 51.5 51.4 19.7 17.4 10.9 16.6 3.9 6.2 Bauchi 50.5 55.6 39 32.2 3.7 5.3 5.2 6.1 1.6 0.8 Bayelsa 28.6 47.6 50.5 40.6 18.2 10.5 2.7 1.3 0 0 Benue 16.6 11.6 35.8 32.9 18.2 21.1 21 23.1 8.4 11.4 Borno Cross River 22.1 32.5 45.2 36.4 19.8 16.3 10.7 7.3 2.2 7.4 Delta 35.5 32 40.1 39.8 16.9 14.1 4.2 9.7 3.2 4.4 Ebonyi 15.3 16.7 36.3 40.2 30.1 28.7 10.8 8.5 7.5 5.9 Edo 33.8 39.4 35.3 35 14.5 15 8.8 4.4 7.5 6.2 Ekiti 33.3 40.4 38.7 38.3 19.7 12.9 7.7 6.5 0.6 1.9 Enugu 35.8 40 33.3 32.5 17.4 12.9 8.9 10.3 4.6 4.3 Gombe 59.8 58.7 36.4 36.9 2 2.4 1.9 1.4 0 0.6 Imo 24.9 12.1 44.5 54.5 18.1 20.6 10.5 11.1 2 1.7 Jigawa 52.1 54.7 42.5 40.6 3.8 3.2 1.6 1.5 0 0 Kaduna 20.6 18.7 54.2 57.2 15.6 16.7 9 6.3 0.6 1.1 Kano 41.3 37.6 44.3 48.3 10.7 8.6 3.2 5.1 0.6 0.4 Katsina 32 41.6 48.3 42 13.1 8.7 5.9 5 0.8 2.8 Kebbi 58.3 57.3 35.7 28.7 5.1 8.8 0.5 3.2 0.4 2 Kogi 28 38.6 42.3 37.4 6.7 9.5 15.9 9 7.1 5.5 Kwara 43.8 38.5 43 38.2 10.8 16.7 1.7 4.5 0.6 2.1 Lagos 26 27.7 51.8 50.5 12.3 14.4 7.2 6 2.7 1.4 Nasarawa 49 46.5 35.2 39.6 9 9.7 4.8 2.8 1.9 1.4 Niger 53.4 47.8 38.1 47.8 2.8 2.2 1.1 1.2 4.7 0.9 Ogun 35.6 37.8 38.4 38.7 7.4 11.1 15.8 7.6 2.9 4.8 Ondo 39.8 35.8 37.4 45.2 5.9 7.7 12.8 9.3 4.1 2.1 Osun 29.9 28.7 50.5 49.9 10.9 10.6 6.8 7.1 1.9 3.7 Oyo 48.9 41.2 23.6 32.8 10.3 13.5 12.3 10.6 4.9 2 Plateau 33.5 36.8 46.7 46.6 9.7 7.8 7.4 6.5 2.8 2.3 Rivers 28.7 28.7 42.8 51.9 12.9 13.9 8.6 3.5 7 2 Sokoto 61.9 71.5 34.5 26.7 3.6 1.8 0 0 0 0 Taraba 43.1 41.9 34.9 30.2 7.7 9.3 10.9 16.7 3.3 1.8 Yobe 34.3 38 47.1 37.8 11.6 11.4 5.7 9.2 1.3 3.6 Zamfara 51.4 58.4 47.6 40.2 1 1.4 0 0 0 0 FCT 67 72.2 28.5 24.2 4.1 3.6 0.3 0 0 0 24 Consumption Expenditure Pattern in Nigeria - 2019 Table 2.10: Proximity to School Among Children by Sex (in percent of population 6-17 years of age) (Secondary Level) Secondary Strata 0-15 Min 16-30 Min 31-45 Min 46-60 Min 61+ Min Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 17.5 15.6 39.5 40.6 20.4 20.6 15.4 15.6 7.2 7.6 Urban 16 14.7 42.4 44.3 22.8 21.1 14.1 14.1 4.7 5.8 Rural 18.7 16.4 37.1 37.1 18.5 20.1 16.4 17 9.3 9.3 Abia 21.9 15 39.9 43.9 19.5 20.9 7.6 13.2 11.1 6.9 Adamawa 23.7 10.9 51.8 60 7.5 16.2 11.3 8.8 5.8 4.1 Akwa Ibom 13.8 7.6 35 41.2 24.9 28.3 22 18.9 4.3 4 Anambra 0.6 3.4 32.9 19.7 30.8 27 24.7 28.9 11 21 Bauchi 19.9 30.4 50.7 31.6 12.9 18.9 7.5 13.6 9 5.6 Bayelsa 19.6 19.8 49.6 47.9 18.7 26 10.7 4.9 1.3 1.4 Benue 6.8 16 35.2 23.9 13.4 14.8 22.9 27.2 21.7 18.2 Borno Cross River 12.4 8.9 40.6 34.2 21.1 31.9 14.6 15.2 11.3 9.7 Delta 18.8 15.6 27.9 34.4 28.9 27.5 17 10.8 7.5 11.7 Ebonyi 5.8 5.6 24.3 23.1 38.7 36.9 12.7 19.4 18.5 15 Edo 14.5 15.2 41.3 28.1 23.7 28.2 14.4 18.9 6.1 9.6 Ekiti 23.9 11.5 33.8 37.6 24.3 28.6 16 18.1 2 4.3 Enugu 19.4 20.3 41.6 31.9 24.3 15.9 11.2 27.3 3.5 4.5 Gombe 27.9 35.6 63.1 57.4 5.9 7.1 3.1 0 0 0 Imo 10.6 3.5 23.7 33 32.2 28.6 24.5 26.2 8.9 8.8 Jigawa 20.7 13.9 61.1 69.2 5.6 9.5 3.7 7.3 8.9 0 Kaduna 9.1 9 38.6 44.9 18 19.4 16.6 16.1 17.7 10.5 Kano 11 10.9 55.2 59.8 25.2 15.7 8.1 12 0.5 1.7 Katsina 9.4 15.8 51.4 47.2 18.4 17.4 17 19.6 3.8 0 Kebbi 46 43.6 37 25.9 15 9.7 0.9 19.7 1.2 0.9 Kogi 22.9 15.7 33.3 31.7 13.8 24.5 15.2 11.8 14.8 16.3 Kwara 24.2 23.6 48.4 45.1 15.1 16.1 11.6 10.9 0.7 4.4 Lagos 16.2 15.2 37 44.1 27.9 22.9 17.7 14.9 1.3 2.8 Nasarawa 21.8 23.4 41.6 47.7 11.4 9.8 10.5 12.7 14.7 6.4 Niger 29.5 33.1 41.5 42.6 16.5 14.8 9.4 6 3 3.6 Ogun 18.2 16.4 37.5 42.3 15.5 10.4 21.3 22.3 7.5 8.7 Ondo 14.5 13.1 33.5 39.1 15.3 11.4 24.6 22 12.2 14.4 Osun 8.4 12.3 45.5 40.7 18.5 20.7 22.1 16.4 5.5 9.9 Oyo 21.6 15.3 29.3 36.7 26.1 24.7 15.7 11.9 7.3 11.3 Plateau 25.8 21.4 37 49.8 14.4 13 17.5 6.5 5.3 9.2 Rivers 22.5 18.5 35.6 33.7 14 23 19.7 17.2 8.1 7.6 Sokoto 25 19.2 59.4 70.1 15.6 10.7 0 0 0 0 Taraba 15 22.8 33.9 43.9 15.1 11.9 18.9 11.8 17.2 9.7 Yobe 11.1 25 43 37.5 16.8 11.4 22.3 21.4 6.8 4.6 Zamfara 29.3 25.8 52.5 63.9 14.8 7.8 3.4 2.5 0 0 FCT 32.9 35.1 46.1 45.3 11.6 12.5 3.2 4.9 6.1 2.3 25 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.11: Share of Population Who Have Never Attended School by Age Groups and Sex (in percent of population above 6 years of age) 06-Sep Oct-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 14.3 15.1 6.7 8.5 5.3 9.2 6.1 16.9 8 20 Urban 4.4 3 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.8 1.9 5.3 2.3 8.9 Rural 18.8 20.7 9.6 12.4 8 13.6 8.8 23.6 12 26.8 Abia 2.9 1 0 1.1 0.6 0.4 0 1.2 0.8 3.7 Adamawa 20.1 23.6 12.4 16 14.2 20.7 16.4 33.1 21.2 48.4 Akwa Ibom 2.5 0.6 2 1.2 2.2 0.7 3 4.2 3.8 13.1 Anambra 1 0 0 0 0 0.5 1.3 1.8 0 2.5 Bauchi 29.5 28.9 12 20.1 11 20 10.3 29.3 8.5 28.1 Bayelsa 2.1 2 1.5 0 1.1 0.9 0.4 1.1 0.4 2.8 Benue 14.8 19.6 3 2.2 2.4 3.1 2.9 13 6.2 13.3 Borno Cross River 3 3.9 1.5 0.7 2.3 1.3 4.7 5.8 7.7 9.4 Delta 2 2.5 1.5 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.3 2.2 1.9 5.4 Ebonyi 7.3 10.8 1.3 0.4 0 0 2.9 2.7 3 22.3 Edo 3.4 4.2 0.9 0.7 0 0.3 1 2.6 0 5.6 Ekiti 2.3 0 0 0 0 3 3.5 6 4.3 4.6 Enugu 1.3 0 0 0 1.2 0.8 1.2 2.4 4.4 9.7 Gombe 31.3 28.2 18.4 20.8 17 27.3 17.2 30 18.3 38 Imo 0 0.8 0 0 0.3 0.9 0.5 0 0 1.3 Jigawa 13.8 12.3 9.1 8 5.8 7.9 4.9 12.2 5.4 12.5 Kaduna 7.2 4.8 0 0.7 0.3 8.6 1.7 19.3 3.4 21.7 Kano 25.5 34 14.4 17.6 11.9 18.3 11.6 40 16.7 47.6 Katsina 21 26.9 6.4 12.7 7 18.2 8.2 36.2 11.1 35.3 Kebbi 31.5 29.3 16.8 23 13.7 21.7 15.6 40.3 23.4 34.9 Kogi 6.2 4 1.8 4.5 1.5 3.5 3.5 12.8 4.5 23 Kwara 22.4 26.2 16.7 15.4 12.6 20.7 12 37.3 19.1 46.2 Lagos 0 0 0 1.3 0.5 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.7 5.3 Nasarawa 13.6 13.2 11.7 7.1 6.1 12.8 5.9 33.7 14.8 51.6 Niger 39.4 54 31.2 41.2 27.7 53.5 34.9 66.4 48.7 68.4 Ogun 0 1.8 0.3 0.3 2.4 0.4 2.3 10.9 8.1 12.8 Ondo 4.8 5.6 0 2.4 1.1 1.7 0.8 4.3 2.3 12.8 Osun 2.5 0 0.9 0 0 0.5 3 5 2.5 7.1 Oyo 9.5 8 3.2 2.1 5.3 2.9 8 10.5 7.1 11.6 Plateau 11 8.1 2.5 3.5 2.5 3.8 4.8 18.4 11.8 25.8 Rivers 3.3 0.6 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.3 1.3 0.8 1.7 Sokoto 25.8 25.9 9.5 11 4.9 11.2 9.8 9.5 5.6 8.7 Taraba 29 27.9 16.7 23.8 13.5 27.2 14.3 36.3 17.1 56.7 Yobe 52.9 53.8 42 46 29.1 47.4 22.7 59.4 31.7 74.1 Zamfara 10.5 7.2 1.3 2 2.1 0 0 0.1 0 1.2 FCT 5.6 6.3 1.4 4 2.3 9.5 4.6 29 9.9 34 26 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.11 (cont.): Share of Population Who Have Never Attended School by Age Groups and Sex (in percent of population above 6 years of age) 45-54 55-64 65+ All Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female All NIGERIA 10.8 25.4 13.7 39.3 26.7 62.4 9.6 18.8 14.3 Urban 4.3 13.6 6.9 28.5 17.2 52.7 3.3 9.1 6.3 Rural 14.7 32.9 17.9 45.9 31.5 68.2 13.3 24.3 18.9 Abia 4.5 4.6 3.9 16.9 6.1 42.8 1.9 7.6 4.9 Adamawa 25.7 61.6 39.8 83.2 69 92.9 20.4 34.4 27.4 Akwa Ibom 8.6 17.7 4.5 36.3 11.4 52.3 3.7 9.4 6.6 Anambra 3.5 6 3.4 7.6 15.9 46.8 2.1 6.9 4.6 Bauchi 20.6 36 22.5 49.2 33.2 50.1 16.7 26.9 22 Bayelsa 3.2 11.8 1.6 24.9 14.2 56 1.6 5.2 3.4 Benue 6 37.3 16.7 54.2 32.4 84.4 7.7 18.7 13.2 Borno Cross River 11.3 14.6 7.4 38 22.1 68.2 5.4 10.2 7.8 Delta 1.3 11.3 0 18.3 9.7 60.2 1.7 7.9 5 Ebonyi 10.3 49 20.9 72.1 42.8 90.9 7 21.9 15.1 Edo 2.1 6.2 0 18.4 11.8 37.5 1.9 6.8 4.4 Ekiti 3.4 12.6 6.7 30 30.4 58.6 4.5 12.2 8.3 Enugu 3.6 12.5 6.1 37.2 32.6 77.5 5.7 15.6 11.2 Gombe 26.5 31.4 21.2 48.8 25.2 50.8 21.3 29.8 25.5 Imo 1 4 2 17.2 11.3 54.1 1.9 9 5.6 Jigawa 6.5 17.1 10 23.6 12.6 20.5 8.6 11.3 9.9 Kaduna 9.3 31.5 15.2 52.1 23.4 59.9 4.4 14.9 9.7 Kano 23.1 46.8 29.8 46.9 49.8 62.5 19.9 33.2 26.8 Katsina 14.9 44.8 13.7 54.8 16.3 64.6 11.7 29.4 20.6 Kebbi 19.4 40.1 20.5 58.9 33 62.8 20.8 32.1 26.5 Kogi 11.6 32.5 17.6 64 45 92 7.5 23 15.6 Kwara 23.9 62.1 37.3 79.6 66.7 88.4 21.2 38.1 29.7 Lagos 1.7 8.3 5 20.5 7.3 32.4 1.8 5.6 3.7 Nasarawa 25.4 57.1 20.3 82.7 47.8 90.7 12.5 28.9 21 Niger 49.6 79.8 59.1 92.8 78.2 99 38.6 60.6 49.3 Ogun 9.5 18 5.4 32.3 24.1 66.7 4.7 12.5 8.7 Ondo 3.8 19 2.4 23.3 18.5 53.2 3 11.5 7.5 Osun 6.5 14 16.2 34.8 23.6 73.4 4.7 14.3 9.9 Oyo 10.6 18.8 9.6 44.3 41 72.5 9.9 16.6 13.3 Plateau 15 25.6 12 51.8 40.2 81.4 8.9 17.7 13.3 Rivers 1.1 17.2 10.9 27.9 11.5 48.7 2.2 7.1 4.7 Sokoto 6.1 8.4 8.8 9.6 5.7 9.9 10.8 12.9 11.8 Taraba 20.7 55.8 36.7 77.3 47.5 90.5 20.7 37.2 29.2 Yobe 29.4 79 37.5 82.8 43.1 89.3 36.9 57.8 47.5 Zamfara 0 2 3 0 0 0 3 2 2.5 FCT 23.3 51.9 33.3 83.8 83.6 87.5 10.1 23.8 17 27 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.12: Reasons for Never Attending School by Sex (in percent of individuals above 6 years of age who have never attended school) Too young Too far away Too expensive State Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 8.1 3.7 14.3 9 23.8 20.2 Urban 12.7 2.2 3.3 3 21.3 21.8 Rural 7.5 4 15.8 10.3 24.1 19.8 Abia 0 0 0 1.3 65.3 28.9 Adamawa 3.8 1.7 2.9 3 81.3 75.6 Akwa Ibom 0 0 0 0 31.2 23.4 Anambra 0 0 0 0 32.1 30.6 Bauchi 6.8 1.4 25.9 24.3 7.8 4.2 Bayelsa 0 0 0 1.7 49.7 35.1 Benue 6 4.8 8 12 58.9 47.7 Borno Cross River 0.8 4 0 1.6 39.9 28.6 Delta 0 1.8 6.3 5.1 53.8 22.2 Ebonyi 6 2.9 4 2.3 41 27.3 Edo 10 4.8 14.3 0 38.4 11.4 Ekiti 0 0 8.3 0.4 36.4 35.5 Enugu 0 0 3.8 0.6 39.2 31.6 Gombe 7.8 6.4 23.8 15.9 8.1 5 Imo 0 0 3.3 4.3 23.2 19.4 Jigawa 15.8 9.1 32.6 25 3.4 9.2 Kaduna 17.9 1.3 2.2 4 5.7 6.8 Kano 10.7 6.2 10 7.1 5.6 4.7 Katsina 23.4 10.1 11.4 7 6.6 3.7 Kebbi 11.1 7.1 26.6 17.7 8.3 3.9 Kogi 4.8 0.8 7.6 4.2 19.1 21.7 Kwara 7 1.3 8.2 6.3 25.7 35.4 Lagos 0 0 3.3 2.1 30.2 30.5 Nasarawa 1.5 0.8 16 10.4 21 13.8 Niger 3.7 2.3 14.3 11.2 39.5 36.5 Ogun 0 0 0 1.6 44.7 27.8 Ondo 17.4 5.5 4 6.4 18.3 32 Osun 0 0 1.3 5.1 19.7 24.7 Oyo 3.7 2 11 6.3 19.1 9.3 Plateau 1.1 0.8 12.3 5.7 18 13.5 Rivers 0 0 0 0 50 14.3 Sokoto 29.9 27.9 4.8 3.9 48 35.5 Taraba 8 1.6 14.4 12.2 14.4 10.6 Yobe 5.6 3.1 49.2 29 5.6 2.9 Zamfara 51.9 47.2 8.4 12.2 7.5 5.2 FCT 2.7 1.7 6.3 5.4 35.8 34.9 28 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.12 (cont.): Reasons for Never Attending School by Sex (in percent of individuals above 6 years of age who have never attended school) Parents not interested/ Not useful* Illness/disability Other** State opposed to schooling Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 5.6 6.5 2.3 1.2 43 56.8 2.9 2.6 Urban 7.6 7.2 4.9 2 46 60.1 4.2 3.7 Rural 5.3 6.3 1.9 1 42.5 56.1 2.8 2.4 Abia 4.6 12.6 14.7 3.6 15.4 52.5 0 1.1 Adamawa 1.6 2.4 1.2 1.1 8.2 15.2 1.1 1.1 Akwa Ibom 15 3.3 8.1 1.8 43.1 65.1 2.7 6.3 Anambra 36.6 21.1 4.9 3.5 26.5 41.5 0 3.3 Bauchi 6.6 2.9 0.5 0.5 46.8 61.9 5.7 4.7 Bayelsa 13.4 15.3 10.6 3.5 26.3 42.5 0 2 Benue 9.4 10.6 3.9 2.8 13 21.1 0.8 0.9 Borno Cross River 6.9 5.3 2 3.6 47.6 51.9 2.8 5.1 Delta 12.5 14.2 7.4 0 20 55.3 0 1.4 Ebonyi 4.9 11.2 3.9 1.3 40.3 54.2 0 0.8 Edo 0 7 3.4 1.8 30.8 71.3 3.1 3.7 Ekiti 9.7 4 4.7 2.2 28.6 56.9 12.4 1 Enugu 5.1 7.6 4.1 2.7 47.8 56.9 0 0.6 Gombe 1.8 2.6 2.3 0.8 52.4 67.1 3.8 2.2 Imo 5.6 0.5 0 1.8 62.5 68.6 5.3 5.3 Jigawa 3.4 3.3 4 1.4 38.9 47.4 2 4.5 Kaduna 11.5 9 0.7 0.7 62 73.9 0 4.3 Kano 6.6 9.8 1.2 0.4 64.8 70.6 1.1 1.2 Katsina 13 6 4.9 2.9 38.5 68 2.2 2.3 Kebbi 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.8 50.1 67.7 2.9 2.2 Kogi 0.6 1.5 2 1.4 62.6 67.9 3.2 2.5 Kwara 0.7 0.3 1.1 1 49.5 53.2 7.9 2.5 Lagos 8.3 0 0 6.4 41 54.1 17.2 7 Nasarawa 5.9 7.2 0.9 0.5 49.4 63.9 5.3 3.5 Niger 2.3 2.8 0.8 0.5 38.5 46.4 1 0.3 Ogun 7.7 16 3.4 0.2 43.5 52.8 0.7 1.5 Ondo 2.2 1.4 4 0.8 54 48.8 0 5 Osun 4.6 7.5 7.6 0 57.7 59.9 9.1 2.8 Oyo 3.2 8.5 4.7 0.3 56.8 69.6 1.5 4.1 Plateau 6.7 6.2 1.2 0.4 51.8 71.8 8.9 1.6 Rivers 0 6 19.1 1.4 24.8 74.4 6.1 3.8 Sokoto 4.6 6.8 2.7 2.1 1.9 9.5 8.2 14.3 Taraba 1 0.5 1.6 0.1 58.7 71.5 2 3.6 Yobe 5.4 4.2 1.1 1.1 31.6 58 1.5 1.7 Zamfara 12.9 19.3 8.1 0 0 10.3 11.3 5.8 FCT 25.7 32.4 0.4 0.9 28.7 23.1 0.3 1.6 29 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 2.13: Highest Level of Education Attainment by Sex in percent of population above 25 years of age) Junior Senior No school Primary Tertiary Other Secondary Secondary Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 11.1 27.1 20.1 21.5 5.4 5.2 30.5 22 16 8 16.9 16.2 Urban 4.9 15.9 15.4 20.6 4.8 5.4 36.8 30.3 26.5 15.4 11.6 12.4 Rural 15.1 33.9 23 22 5.8 5 26.6 17 9.4 3.6 20.1 18.5 Abia 2.8 12.7 29.2 26.8 8.4 7.1 36.5 35.8 16.5 9.2 6.6 8.3 Adamawa 26.7 52 13.3 13.8 4.9 7.7 32.7 19.5 13.5 3.4 8.9 3.6 Akwa Ibom 5.3 16.9 29 32 11.2 8.7 34.4 26.3 12.8 8.3 7.2 7.8 Anambra 3.7 11.9 41.2 27.2 9.7 9.6 32.4 35.2 11.4 9.6 1.6 6.5 Bauchi 15.9 33.7 17.9 17.9 5.6 3.3 17.5 6.6 6.5 0.3 36.5 38.2 Bayelsa 1.6 9 16.3 30.1 4.6 9.5 51.8 39.1 18.1 6.9 7.6 5.3 Benue 10 30.6 20 29.6 8.8 8.7 34.8 18.9 17.3 7.1 9.1 5.2 Borno Cross River 8.9 18.9 25.9 32.9 5.8 8.3 36.5 23.1 17.4 9.7 5.5 7 Delta 2 15.5 19.6 31 8.1 10.9 41.4 26.4 20.6 8 8.3 8.3 Ebonyi 13.3 41.7 41.7 32.4 7.2 6 25 12.7 10 4.7 2.8 2.6 Edo 2.7 11.5 26.9 35.7 6.8 8.5 36.9 26.4 20.1 10.9 6.6 7 Ekiti 7.9 19.8 19.3 24.9 5.3 5.7 36.9 21.6 19.2 11.3 11.4 16.7 Enugu 10.2 26.7 42.4 30.2 7.1 4.9 27 25.5 11.5 6.3 1.8 6.4 Gombe 20.5 36 12.5 13.1 3.9 3.2 21.5 10.3 11.1 3.4 30.5 34 Imo 3.2 15.2 31.2 23.8 4.6 6.1 40.5 35.7 15.3 12 5.1 7.1 Jigawa 7 14.2 19.4 22.2 3.7 2.5 8.9 3.7 7.5 0.4 53.5 57.1 Kaduna 7.2 27.6 14.8 19.4 7.7 5.8 25.5 16.8 16.8 6.4 28 24.1 Kano 23.2 45.7 20.2 13.9 3.2 2.6 19.2 11.8 11.2 2 23.1 23.9 Katsina 11.9 42.9 19.4 12.6 4.3 1.1 15.2 4.1 6.1 1.4 43.1 38 Kebbi 21.3 41.5 13.5 10.6 4.3 1 8.9 5.4 6.4 0.5 45.5 40.9 Kogi 13.5 38.2 17.2 22.5 3.1 4.5 36.2 20.5 21.1 6.7 9 7.5 Kwara 27.1 55.6 12.8 13.8 2.2 1.7 28.3 17.3 14.5 7.1 15 4.5 Lagos 3 8.8 13.7 19.4 4.6 4 42.4 38.6 31.6 23.9 4.8 5.3 Nasarawa 16 50.2 17.2 17.4 6.3 7.4 29.3 14.3 16 5.4 15.2 5.4 Niger 47.9 73.4 11.5 7.7 3.3 1.4 18.4 9.8 10.2 4 8.8 3.6 Ogun 8.4 23 24 26.3 2.8 4.9 38.1 27 17.3 9.6 9.3 9.4 Ondo 4.3 19.1 20.4 29.3 6.2 6.3 41.5 31.3 14.7 7.2 12.9 6.8 Osun 8.7 26.5 23.5 26 6.6 7.5 36 25.1 15.6 6.3 9.5 8.6 Oyo 14.3 28.1 21.1 24.2 6.6 5.2 28 24.1 18.4 8.7 11.7 9.7 Plateau 13.4 31.3 17.3 23.5 7.1 6.3 31.3 16.2 16.9 8.5 14.1 14.3 Rivers 3 12.4 13.3 17.5 3.3 4.6 50 43.4 24.2 14.6 6.2 7.5 Sokoto 7.3 9 11 3.7 1.5 0.5 9.9 4.6 8.4 2 61.9 80.2 Taraba 22.3 51.7 20.7 22.8 4.4 4.3 26.5 11.1 14.3 4.2 11.8 5.9 Yobe 30.8 70.5 7.9 3.3 2.7 1.6 14.1 4.3 5.8 1 38.7 19.3 Zamfara 0.5 0.8 7 4.2 2.3 0.7 14.9 2.5 3.9 0.3 71.5 91.5 FCT 18.6 41.1 14 20.5 5.5 4.5 27.1 18.1 24.7 11.7 10 4.1 30 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 SECTION III: HEALTH Highlights: Suffering from self-reported health issues is reported by 34.9 percent of men and 37.4 percent of women. In rural areas the incidence of health problems is slightly higher, 36.8 versus 31.3 percent for men and 39.7 vs 33.3 percent for women in rural versus urban 1 areas respectively. Across age groups, the self-reported incidence is U shaped: at around 40 percent for infants (0-4 y.o.); then lowest among the age category of 10-14 y.o - 29.2 for boys and 27.1 for girls and increasing again for elderly, aged 65 years and older- 58 percent for men and 66.6 percent for women. Malaria is a dominant reason for health problems in Nigeria. More than half- 51.7 percent of who reported health issues mention Malaria as top health concern. In Zamfara 65.4 2 percent of those who reported sickness suffer from Malaria, while in Bauchi only 30.8 percent reported that issue. Major share of ill people visit chemist in search of medical treatment, 36.6 percent of men and 35.5 percent of women. The hospitals are visited by 18.7 and 19.7 percent of males and 3 females respectively. In Kwara state 49.7 percent of males and 46.5 percent of females visit the hospitals for medical treatment-the highest rates among all states in Nigeria. On average it takes about 2 hours and 9 minutes to reach and receive consultations in the 4 hospitals and only 50 minutes in pharmacy or at local chemist. While 80 percent who decided not to seek medical treatment for health problems report 5 having minor illness, around 14 percent mention that cost of receiving the medical treatment is too expensive, which precluded them from seeking medical help. About 4.9 percent of men and 6.6 percent of women reported being admitted to hospital. The share of hospitalization is highest in Delta state, where 26.6 percent of males and 24.9 6 percent of females were hospitalized. The lowest rate is in Zamfara with less than 1 percent of population admitted to the hospital in the last 12 months. Around 1.4 percent of population in Nigeria is disabled, as reported by households. Yobe 7 state reports 5.47 and 5.04 percent of males and females respectively as being disabled- the highest rate in the country. About half of population: 49.9 and 52.4 percent of males and females use insecticide treated mosquito bed-net. In Jigawa state 97.6 of men and 98.5 percent of females report 8 sleeping under bed-net- the highest incidence of net use. While in Lagos 12.4 and 14.4 percent of males and females respectively report using the mosquito net. 31 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 3.1: Share of Population with Any Health Problems in the Last 30 Days by Sex and Age Group (in percent of total population) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-49 Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 41.3 40 31.3 32.6 29.2 27.1 31.7 35.5 Urban 36.8 35.4 27.8 28.7 27.2 24.5 29 31.5 Rural 43.3 42 32.9 34.3 30.2 28.4 33.4 37.9 Abia 71.3 70.7 60.4 64.7 59.5 52.8 70.2 72.1 Adamawa 42.8 39.3 31.5 33.3 29 25.1 32.1 37.2 Akwa Ibom 50.7 42.2 29.8 43.3 36.8 25.7 32.7 40.3 Anambra 52.4 44.9 39.3 39.8 35.7 37.1 43.6 42.2 Bauchi 48.3 46.7 50.7 48 40 41.7 49.7 50.9 Bayelsa 42.8 44 32.7 34.6 25.6 27.8 32.8 36.9 Benue 32.8 23.1 19.9 18.6 12.3 10.4 17.9 20.4 Borno Cross River 59.2 59.9 46.9 56 56.2 47.2 53.3 59 Delta 70 66.7 53.9 54.5 47.5 45.8 57.2 62.2 Ebonyi 43.2 35.3 25.8 22.8 18.3 22.1 22.1 23.2 Edo 34.6 38.2 30.3 26.9 20.9 27.4 27.9 29.4 Ekiti 25.6 26.3 19.6 17.5 15.4 15.9 26.5 24.6 Enugu 60.8 52.5 45.2 55.3 38.4 43.2 48.3 53.1 Gombe 41.2 45.3 36 33.8 27.9 29 36.3 49.3 Imo 64 62.7 54 58.1 50.6 54.7 53.6 56.5 Jigawa 34.4 33.4 25.9 26.5 23.9 23.7 24.9 30 Kaduna 34 35.4 24.6 31.8 32.5 27.2 22.3 28 Kano 33.7 30.1 23 24.5 24.9 18.1 27 27.3 Katsina 49.1 42.2 36.5 40.2 40 33.6 38.6 42.2 Kebbi 52.6 52.4 39.9 38.9 34.6 32 39.5 51.8 Kogi 47.6 52.9 37.4 36 33.8 31 42.4 47.6 Kwara 28.8 30 18.7 16.8 14.2 17.5 20.1 21.8 Lagos 21.5 20.6 10.2 11.1 20.1 11.7 18.5 19.4 Nasarawa 45.5 45.3 40.1 36.5 30.1 28.9 32.5 36.4 Niger 46.7 48.3 47.8 45.9 39.6 36.8 41.3 54.2 Ogun 19.3 28.7 21.3 18.5 14 12 19.6 20 Ondo 26.2 19.9 22.4 18.6 17.5 17.7 21.7 25.1 Osun 20.5 30.3 24.1 25.2 15.9 18.8 21.5 24.6 Oyo 38.4 34.4 28.1 30.1 27.9 21.6 32 31.5 Plateau 32.4 21.8 15.8 23.8 12.8 17.7 14.3 20.2 Rivers 39.7 54.5 36.7 41.6 34.2 26.3 33.4 36.2 Sokoto 35.7 27.9 15.6 14.4 14.7 17.3 13 14.4 Taraba 38.6 35.6 24.8 21 16.6 15.4 15.9 21 Yobe 53.2 50 45.3 36.9 34.3 39.4 40.7 51.8 Zamfara 50.7 45.4 34.8 40.3 33.6 33.1 27.1 38 FCT 22.6 31.6 25.8 20.4 16.2 20.3 20.9 24.8 32 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 3.1 (cont.): Share of Population with Any Health Problems in the Last 30 Days by Sex and Age Group (in percent of total population) 50-64 65+ All Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 43.3 51.9 58 66.6 34.9 37.4 Urban 37.8 45.6 50.4 57.9 31.3 33.3 Rural 46.6 55.7 61.9 71.7 36.8 39.7 Abia 77.4 80.8 87.4 98 69.6 72.5 Adamawa 53.2 61.6 52.4 59.4 35.3 37.6 Akwa Ibom 47.6 67.5 71 85.3 38 44.1 Anambra 64.7 67.2 70.7 74 46.6 46.7 Bauchi 57.6 51.6 61.9 54.2 49.3 48.4 Bayelsa 54.1 62.8 57.3 66.2 34.7 39.2 Benue 26.2 37.6 34.1 34.8 20.7 21.4 Borno Cross River 66.8 75.6 75.8 84.6 55.8 59.8 Delta 68.7 73.1 66.7 82.6 58.4 61.6 Ebonyi 43.7 50.2 66.9 74.7 29.4 30.8 Edo 38.9 47 55.2 59.7 31.1 33.5 Ekiti 38.5 46.7 48.4 61.2 26.8 28.9 Enugu 71.4 67.8 71.5 77.1 52.8 56.5 Gombe 45.3 63 66.5 66.3 37.8 43.9 Imo 68 87.1 81.2 94 59.1 65.2 Jigawa 36.5 44.1 46.4 44.1 28.1 29.6 Kaduna 24.1 47.9 52.3 55.9 27.1 31.5 Kano 34.7 39.4 52.9 41.8 28.8 27.1 Katsina 47 54.1 67.5 74.5 42.3 42.7 Kebbi 66.1 63.4 72.3 63.3 44.6 47.7 Kogi 64.2 60.6 74.3 80.7 44.5 49.1 Kwara 22.9 35.3 39.8 49.3 21.2 24 Lagos 25.5 26.8 38.1 35.1 19.8 19 Nasarawa 43.8 55 74.4 59.3 37 38.3 Niger 54.7 66 75 74.9 44.8 50.6 Ogun 25.3 32.3 48.9 47.7 21.2 22.6 Ondo 33.5 47 39.4 61 23.7 26.8 Osun 33.3 32.8 40.8 58.4 23.4 28.8 Oyo 45 48 53.8 64.5 34.3 34.7 Plateau 30.6 31.6 30.2 58 19 23 Rivers 51 60.5 70.1 88.2 37.6 42.4 Sokoto 19.3 30.3 36.5 8.4 19 18 Taraba 31.1 34.8 36.7 44.4 22.7 23.5 Yobe 60.1 68.6 70.5 77.9 45.7 48.1 Zamfara 38 52.3 60 73.5 35.9 40.1 FCT 27.2 23.5 32.9 33.9 22 24.7 33 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 3.2: Top 5 Illnesses or Injuries Suffered (in percent of population reporting any illness or injury in the last 30 days) Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Strata Malaria Body Pains Headache Ulcer/Stomach pain Catarrh NIGERIA 51.7 7.2 6.1 5.6 4.9 Urban 52.8 7.7 5.9 4.9 5 Rural 51.2 6.9 6.2 6 4.8 Abia 56.1 7.7 4.6 3.7 2.4 Adamawa 60.3 5.1 2 7.3 1.4 Akwa Ibom 56.9 7.6 4.9 5.4 2.6 Anambra 50 10.5 8.7 4.3 5 Bauchi 30.8 2 10.8 10.1 7.2 Bayelsa 47.4 9 3.6 6.3 7.1 Benue 40 6.6 7.5 8.6 7.6 Borno Cross River 57.7 8.5 7.8 6.3 3.4 Delta 48 11.3 7.3 3.5 8.2 Ebonyi 54.5 9.7 8.2 4.7 3.8 Edo 37.3 16.6 8.8 2.2 7.4 Ekiti 44.8 18 13.7 1.5 3.1 Enugu 56 8.2 6 4 1.7 Gombe 47 3.7 8 10.3 12 Imo 56 6.1 2.7 3.8 3.7 Jigawa 63.3 2.3 3.6 8.5 3.2 Kaduna 43.6 3.5 4.2 7 5.3 Kano 59 3.3 5.1 8.4 3.1 Katsina 54.3 2.8 4.6 7.1 4.6 Kebbi 53.9 3.8 6.1 7.7 7.5 Kogi 42.1 10.5 11.5 6.1 4.4 Kwara 58.3 10.4 5 6.7 3.3 Lagos 53.3 11.3 2.9 5.2 4.5 Nasarawa 48.2 3.8 4.2 6.8 11.3 Niger 53.1 5.3 7.1 7.8 4.5 Ogun 54.1 9.6 3.7 3.3 1.7 Ondo 62 9.2 5.8 2 3.5 Osun 47.5 13.1 7.8 2.9 2.5 Oyo 57.5 12.3 8.7 2.2 2.5 Plateau 34.2 8.6 4.1 5.6 14.1 Rivers 63.2 9.7 2.4 3.4 2.9 Sokoto 43.9 2.9 6.6 3.9 11.3 Taraba 39 7.1 9 7.3 8.9 Yobe 41.2 2.4 7.7 9.6 3.4 Zamfara 65.4 1.9 3.7 1.6 6.5 FCT 46.7 5.6 5.9 4 6.2 34 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 3.3: Type of Health Facility Visited by Sex (in percent of population reporting any illness or injury in the last 30 days) Dispensary/ Patent Medicine Hospital Chemist Clinic Strata Vendor Pharmacy Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 18.7 19.7 3.7 4 36.6 35.5 9.5 9.6 5.7 6 Urban 22.9 25.8 1 1 35.5 33.3 8.8 8.8 4 4.2 Rural 16.8 16.9 5 5.4 37 36.6 9.8 10 6.5 6.8 Abia 9.6 12.9 0 0.4 66.9 60.5 5.1 3.7 1.3 1.2 Adamawa 27.5 29.7 4 2.8 47.7 42.5 0.2 1 9 9.4 Akwa Ibom 12.3 17.3 0.9 1.7 28.4 27.4 3.1 2.1 0.8 1.9 Anambra 12.1 18.8 0.2 0 62.9 56.9 0.4 0.4 3 5.2 Bauchi 10.9 10.7 9.2 10.1 46.7 45.9 7 5.8 1.2 0.8 Bayelsa 10.1 11.6 0.3 0 42.2 38.8 29.6 29.2 1.6 1.5 Benue 24.8 26.2 0.8 0.8 30.7 25.6 7.2 4 11.9 12.4 Borno Cross River 7.6 7.4 0 0.1 58.1 56.2 10.6 10.9 4.7 7.4 Delta 11.7 14.6 0.4 1.4 57.2 52.4 1.8 3.1 4.7 3 Ebonyi 18.4 15.4 0 0 47.4 50.2 16.2 14.7 1.9 1.5 Edo 18.3 19.8 1.2 0.9 41.7 38.1 9.3 9.4 2.7 3.9 Ekiti 12.5 13 0 0 5.1 5.4 52.5 51.1 2.7 3.8 Enugu 13.3 13.6 0.8 0.8 8.9 10.8 66.3 64.4 2.5 2.2 Gombe 18.5 20.2 3.9 3 45.2 41.3 2.3 1.4 1.1 1.4 Imo 16.1 17.7 1.1 2.1 54.6 54.9 7.1 7.1 1.4 1.2 Jigawa 31.2 27 5.5 8.2 35 38.3 0.6 1.2 8.7 7.5 Kaduna 29.4 30.5 0.9 2.7 38.7 39.7 0 0 7 6.4 Kano 18.7 19 1.4 2.6 36.9 36.8 5.3 3 5.3 7.5 Katsina 34.7 36.7 10 12 36.7 31 0.3 0.6 1.4 0.9 Kebbi 16.6 16.2 14.1 16.3 29.8 30.8 14.4 12.5 2.4 3.2 Kogi 22.3 21.3 0.5 0.1 37.9 34.4 9 11.2 14.7 18.7 Kwara 49.7 46.5 0.6 0.5 24.4 28.9 5 7.8 1.6 2.9 Lagos 26.2 35.9 0 0 23.5 23.8 1.6 1.1 2.3 2.2 Nasarawa 24.4 26.5 3.7 3.9 23.7 24.2 1 2.2 21.5 22.3 Niger 14.3 13.6 3.1 3.6 9.1 5.8 27.5 28.9 33.4 34.8 Ogun 25.6 29.3 0 0 31.7 31.1 2 2.7 8.4 4.3 Ondo 14.8 14 0.5 0.9 20 18.7 29.5 24 4.6 1.4 Osun 26.8 28.1 0.7 0.3 16.7 16 8.9 11.3 8.3 4.4 Oyo 18.2 19.6 0 0.2 33.2 36.3 4.8 5.6 3.4 3.2 Plateau 15.2 16.2 0.7 1.6 21 28.7 0.9 1 20.6 16.3 Rivers 12.7 10.9 0 0 28.4 31.3 15.5 14.3 0.5 3.4 Sokoto 17.8 22.3 26 19.6 28.6 32.8 3.6 1.8 0.7 1.6 Taraba 19 16.7 9.9 11.7 4.7 1.1 15.9 15 12.4 16.1 Yobe 15.3 13.4 9.7 10 43.4 47.1 0.8 0.2 1.2 1.2 Zamfara 20.7 17.8 30.6 31.5 23.3 25.3 2.6 3.4 9.6 8.2 FCT 30.6 30 0 0 17.2 20.8 12 14.9 5.5 7.9 35 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 3.3 (cont.): Type of Health Facility Visited by Sex (in percent of population reporting any illness or injury in the last 30 days) Home Maternity Other No Consultation (Consultant/Patient) Strata Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 0.7 1 4.8 5.5 13 11.4 7.4 7.2 Urban 0.6 0.8 4.7 6.3 15.8 12.9 6.8 6.9 Rural 0.7 1.1 4.8 5.1 11.7 10.7 7.7 7.3 Abia 0.6 1.3 3.1 4.3 12.5 13.1 0.9 2.7 Adamawa 0.4 1.8 0 0 8.9 9.7 2.3 3 Akwa Ibom 0.2 0.1 4.1 4.1 16.8 14.7 33.4 30.8 Anambra 0.5 0.1 2.5 1.1 15.3 13.4 3.1 4 Bauchi 1 1.7 4.7 4.5 10.9 9.8 8.3 10.8 Bayelsa 0 0.2 5.1 4.8 8.7 8.8 2.5 5.1 Benue 0.3 0.5 6 7.8 8.9 8.9 9.4 13.6 Borno Cross River 0 0 5 6.6 9.3 7.5 4.6 4 Delta 0.4 1 1.3 1.3 19.8 20.3 2.6 3 Ebonyi 0.4 0.7 3.4 3.2 6.9 9 5.3 5.2 Edo 2.3 4.5 5.4 4.9 12.3 13.7 6.8 4.8 Ekiti 0 0.8 15.3 13 5.2 5.5 6.7 7.4 Enugu 0.9 1.1 2.3 2 4.4 4.6 0.5 0.5 Gombe 7.2 8.4 6.4 6 4.2 6.2 11.2 12.1 Imo 0.8 1.6 2.9 3.4 15 10.9 1 0.9 Jigawa 0 0 2 1.8 11.9 9.8 5 6.2 Kaduna 0.3 0 2.5 3.1 18.2 15.3 3 2.2 Kano 0 0 4 5.5 14.3 12.1 14.1 13.5 Katsina 0 0.2 3.2 4.8 6.6 6.9 7.1 7 Kebbi 0 0.2 6.9 7 14.1 12.6 1.5 1.3 Kogi 0.3 0.2 4 4 7.6 7 3.6 3.1 Kwara 0.3 0.3 7.5 5 5.4 6 5.5 2.2 Lagos 1.2 0.8 8.9 10.3 28.6 18.5 7.8 7.4 Nasarawa 0.2 0.2 3 2.2 17.4 13.5 5.3 5 Niger 0 0 3.7 4.4 8.3 8.7 0.4 0.2 Ogun 0 0.6 15.9 13.5 10.8 12.7 5.7 5.8 Ondo 2.9 3.5 12.8 22.6 6.6 9 8.4 5.9 Osun 3.6 4.8 7.3 10.5 4.8 4.1 22.7 20.6 Oyo 2 3.1 11.8 17.5 11.3 6.7 15.4 7.7 Plateau 0.7 0.1 3 2.6 13.9 10.2 24 23.2 Rivers 0 0 2.6 4 34.2 29.1 6.1 7 Sokoto 0 0 3.8 3.7 7.4 5.8 12 12.4 Taraba 0 0 6.7 7.7 3.6 2.5 27.9 29.1 Yobe 1.5 1.4 3.2 3.2 11.6 8.2 13.3 15.3 Zamfara 0 0 6.4 7.5 5.9 5.5 0.8 0.8 FCT 0 0 3.8 4.5 22.4 17.5 8.6 4.4 36 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019 Table 3.4: Average Time for Consultation Including Travel Time by Type of Facility Visited (in Minutes) Dispensary/Pharmacy/ Hospital Clinic All Chemist/Patent Strata Medicine Vendor Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female NIGERIA 130.7 127.7 76.7 94.9 50.6 49.2 70.1 70.3 Urban 107.8 110.3 60 101 44.6 40.7 62.1 64.7 Rural 145.1 139.8 81.5 93.2 53 52.3 73.8 72.9 Abia 149 147.1 80.5 68.5 50.2 45.7 62.8 63 Adamawa 123.7 126.2 119.7 54.7 43.4 58.4 74.4 79.4 Akwa Ibom 101.7 120.2 41.7 57.8 32.3 40.7 52.4 61.2 Anambra 108.4 119.3 53.7 81.8 46.4 45.7 57.1 64.3 Bauchi 124 110.4 121.5 92.6 80.9 68.2 90.1 77.3 Bayelsa 109.6 98.5 83.9 75.2 32.4 35.5 42.6 44.5 Benue 115.2 116.8 40.9 95.6 42.4 41 62.1 80.3 Borno Cross River 144.6 131.3 57.1 63.4 66.7 58.1 69.4 63.6 Delta 159.3 170.8 220.7 208.3 36.4 36.9 65.9 67.5 Ebonyi 96.3 95.7 35.8 359.6 54.5 51.9 60.5 63.6 Edo 176.4 147.8 37.1 57.3 58 50.3 81.5 73.4 Ekiti 126.3 103.7 160.6 71.1 22.8 27.1 49.7 39.5 Enugu 105.7 97.7 51.6 97.2 39.5 46.2 49.9 55 Gombe 112.6 188.1 79.8 124.2 35.4 37.8 55.4 75.9 Imo 222.2 197.9 86.2 55.3 45.1 50.4 79 79.2 Jigawa 166.7 151.8 47.3 86.4 54 59.3 91.5 87.8 Kaduna 133.9 116 73.6 86.7 38.8 42.2 72.5 69.9 Kano 164.4 182 138 151.6 75.1 57.1 96.5 97.2 Katsina 150.9 165.3 267.5 53.6 78.2 94.4 112.1 120.9 Kebbi 178.1 134.5 104 119.8 63.4 51.8 80.2 66.1 Kogi 89.1 80.6 71.8 93.1 43 44.3 62.9 61.8 Kwara 121.7 129.1 47.5 54.3 50.6 33.9 87.6 83.5 Lagos 63 62.2 34.5 41.2 18.4 19.2 35.3 38.8 Nasarawa 137.6 97.8 67.5 119.5 46 48.4 73.2 82.1 Niger 73 78 39.4 49.8 42.4 43.9 45.5 49.4 Ogun 80.4 75.6 77 109.8 26.2 55.5 45.2 56.6 Ondo 165.9 121.5 89.3 135.4 45.7 50.3 68.5 78.8 Osun 101 82.5 48.9 76 23.5 23.2 56.3 53.2 Oyo 114.5 144.9 43.7 43.2 25.6 32.7 59.2 58.1 Plateau 88.8 114.1 68.5 161.8 27.6 25.7 59.7 76.4 Rivers 170.9 185 166.2 102.7 39.8 38.7 71 69.3 Sokoto 66.2 76.5 30 73 104.4 50.1 87.7 59.1 Taraba 191.3 125.1 176.1 119.8 125.4 187.3 158.6 140.1 Yobe 150.4 172.4 61.3 1683 60.9 61.3 76.7 101.3 Zamfara 135.8 92.6 86.2 85.2 34.6 35.6 62.6 50.8 FCT 73.1 67.5 36 40.1 26.9 25.1 45.6 45.4 37 Nigeria Living Standards Survey - 2018/2019
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