Russian War Against Ukraine: Energy Dimension DiXi Group alert (status as of 12:00, April 28) Stop russian nuclear terrorism! Set A2/AD and no-fly zones over Ukraine’s nuclear facilities, impose sanctions on Rosatom! Stop the atrocities! Introduce full embargo on russian oil and gas imports! #StopRussianAggression #StandWithUkraine Summary • The enemy continued attempts of active offensive in all directions. Approximately 691,400 consumers did not have access to electricity supply, over 218,000 consumers were without gas supply. • The Zaporizhzhia NPP was switched to minimal load (feeding its own needs) because of the damage of a high-voltage 330 kV line. • The volume of electricity trade on the day-ahead market (DAM) continued to fall (to 14,229.6 MWh) reaching the record low since July 1, 2019, when the DAM was introduced in Ukraine. • The government approved the draft law on establishing a single state environmental monitoring system, to be submitted to the Verkhovna Rada. The working group at the Ministry of Energy announced the completion of the Hydrogen Strategy of Ukraine development. Attacks: Donetsk region In the last 24 hours, 22 settlements of Donetsk region, including Mariupol, Avdiivka, Kramatorsk, Maryinka, were shelled from aircraft, Tochka-U missile systems, Grad multiple launch rocket systems, tanks and heavy artillery, 1 civilian was killed and 8 were injured, as the National Police reported. The shelling damaged at least 30 civilian facilities, including homes, educational and medical facilities, factories, grain depots, railways and utilities. On April 27, as a result of the shelling, the gas emergency crews were forced to close the entry valve on the gas distribution station in the city of Lyman, and more than 10,000 consumers can be left without gas supply on April 28. Constant fighting continued in Mariupol, only overnight the occupiers attacked the city, including the Azovstal Iron & Steel Works with nearly 2,000 civilians hiding there, with about 50 air strikes and dropped a large number of phosphorus bombs. Defenders of Mariupol asked to use the extraction procedure similar to the 1940 operation in Dunkirk. The Russian side cannot provide safe corridors for the evacuation of civilians and wounded soldiers, and the United States representatives have reported reliable information that the Russian military executed Ukrainians who were trying to surrender in the Donetsk region. Luhansk During the day, the Russian army shelled 29 times on residential areas of the region region, reported the Luhansk Regional Military Administration Head Serhii Haidai. As a result of the shelling 10 residential buildings were destroyed in Popasna; 13 residential buildings in Lysychansk; 1 of 2 working hospitals in Severodonetsk. of Luhansk region was attacked, with the main building, boiler room and warehouses damaged, electricity and water supply disrupted; in the town of Hirske, the enemy aimed at the mine and infrastructure facilities, and destroyed an electrical substation. It is likely that electricity and mobile communications in Hirske would not resume until the end of hostilities. During the day, 21 fires caused by shelling by the Russian occupying troops were eliminated. Kharkiv region During the day, the Russian occupation forces inflicted 11 artillery, mortar and multiple launch rocket systems’ strikes on residential areas in Kharkiv, killing 1 person and wounding 8, reported the Kharkiv Regional Military Administration Head Oleh Syniehubov. Settlements of Derhachi, Zolochiv and Chuhuiv were shelled in the region, and active fighting continued in the Izyum area, where the occupiers were trying to advance. Sumy region The Sumy Regional Military Administration Head Dmytro Zhyvytskyi reported that, on April 27, the occupiers fired mortars at the territory of the Esmanska community, more than 50 strikes were recorded, and the losses are being clarified. Mykolaiv According to the Mykolaiv Regional Military Administration, as of April 28, region 2,835 civilian facilities were partially or completely damaged in the Mykolaiv region since the beginning of the Russian invasion, including 2,089 housing, 241 electric, 109 gas, 8 water and 7 heat supply facilities. During the day, 24 residential infrastructure facilities, 6 educational institutions and 2 cultural institutions were added to the destroyed property list. Kherson region In the evening of April 27, a series of explosions erupted in Kherson, and a fire broke out. Probably, some of the explosions took place near the local TV center, and the Russian propaganda television stopped working in the city. Information has appeared in the Russian information space that the occupiers were going to introduce the circulation of Russian rubles in the Kherson region from May 1. It was reported that the occupiers no longer plan to hold a so-called "referendum", while the possibility of the Kherson region being returned under the control of Ukraine was "excluded" and "impossible". In addition, in the Krasnoyarsk Krai (Russia), local council members supported a decision to replenish own reserves of agricultural products by illegal supplies of grain and other food from the occupied territories of the Kherson region. Later, this news was removed from the website. Zaporizhzhia According to the Zaporizhzhia Regional Military Administration, as of April 28, region 560 households in the region were completely destroyed or partially damaged. On the morning of April 28, the Russian military launched a missile strike on Zaporizhzhia; according to preliminary data, 2 houses were damaged and 3 people were injured. During the day, as a result of enemy shelling, more than 16,000 consumers in 9 settlements of the Orikhiv Electric Networks service area were disconnected. In addition, 140 consumers were offline due to the overloaded power grids in Berdyansk. In the city of Huliaipole, due to intense fighting, low-pressure gas distribution pipelines were damaged and a cabinet gas distribution point was disconnected, leaving 200 consumers without gas supply. In the temporarily occupied territories of the Zaporizhzhia region, the occupiers are inspecting the houses of local residents in order to identify the places of residence of police and other security officers of Ukraine, and conduct a "census" of the local population. Movement through the temporarily occupied territory without identity documents is prohibited. Dnipropetrovsk On April 27, the Russian troops fired three times with cluster shells on the region village of Velyka Kostromka bordering the Kherson region, reported the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Military Administration Head Valentyn Reznichenko. On April 28, the Russian army launched a missile strike on the territory of the former industrial facility in the Synelnykove district, no one was injured. Nuclear and Radiation Safety: As of 08:00 on April 28, the South Ukraine, Rivne and Khmelnytskyi NPPs were operating normally, and the radiation, fire and environmental conditions at the station sites and adjacent territories were within the standards. All operating NPPs regularly transmit data from station monitoring systems to the IAEA. Chornobyl NPP The IAEA experts continued to work at the Chornobyl NPP site to Exclusion Zone conduct radiological assessment, restore the safety monitoring system and establish further remote data transmission to the Agency. South Ukraine NPP The IAEA inspected the South Ukraine NPP under the the Nuclear Non- NPP Proliferation Treaty process. In particular, inspectors of the Agency with the participation of the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine checked the absence of undeclared nuclear material and the information on the nuclear facility design. Zaporizhzhia NPP The Zaporizhzhia NPP and the satellite city of Energodar are still under the control of Russian terrorists for the 56th day in a row. The facility is serviced by the Ukrainian staff on a regular basis. At the same time, due to damage to the 330 kV high-voltage line, on April 27 ZNPP was switched to the minimal load (self-consumption only). As of April 28, the radiation background at the ZNPP site remains unchanged at 11 μR/h, and in the sanitary protection zone - at 8-12 μR/h. In the Zaporizhzhia region, the gamma background is also stable (7-13 μR/h) and does not pose a threat to life and public health. At the same time, there is a growing disinformation and Russian propaganda. In particular, a number of propagandist information sources have spread fake news about the alleged attack of Energodar by Ukrainian drones. This information is not confirmed by official Ukrainian sources. The presence of Russian terrorists at nuclear facilities poses extremely high threats to nuclear and radiation safety on a global scale! Ukraine demands to recognize the actions of Russia and Rosatom as nuclear terrorism, which aims to intentionally violate the security of nuclear power plants, international law and basic human rights with the aim of genocide, ecocide and encroachment on the country's sovereignty. We call on international partners to increase pressure on the IAEA, whose actions may prevent acts of nuclear terrorism by Russia. At the same time, it is critical to minimize Russia's influence on IAEA policies and activities, in particular by removing all Russians from key positions in the Agency's Secretariat and restricting their access to information about Ukraine's nuclear power plants. We also emphasize the need to impose tough sanctions on the management, staff, products, international projects of Rosatom and, in general, the nuclear energy of the aggressor country! Electricity Sector: Power system operation For 44th day already, Ukraine's power system has been stably operating in trial synchronous mode with the Continental Europe network (ENTSO-E). On April 28, commercial electricity exports to Poland continued stably at 190 MW. Ukrenergo continued to restore the main power grids. A 330 kV overhead line in one of the southern regions of Ukraine was put into operation. Two more 330 kV lines in the Kyiv and Chernihiv regions have been repaired and are being prepared for reconnection. In addition, supports and damaged cables on two 330 kV overhead lines in the Kyiv region were being replaced. Restoration of two high- voltage poles and replacement of damaged wires on the 750 kV line were underway. At the same time, due to damage to a 330 kV high-voltage line in the southern region of Ukraine, the Zaporizhzhia NPP was switched to minimal load (for only its own needs) to ensure sustainable operation of the power system. Electricity market performance Day-ahead market (DAM): For April 28, the DAM weighted average settlement price has slightly decreased to 2,308.76 UAH/MWh (+1.6% vs the previous trading day). At the same time, due to synchronous growth of exchange prices in the Eastern European markets, their gap with Ukraine virtually has not changed. Prices in the markets of Slovakia, Hungary and Romania were almost equal and 3.2 times higher than the Base DAM price index of Ukraine, while the price spread with the Polish markets was relatively narrower (app. 2.2 times). Generally, on April 24-28, the weighted average price on DAM remained relatively stable and fluctuated in the range of 2269-2324 UAH/MWh. As for April 28, the total volume of trading on DAM continued to reduce to 14,229.6 MWh (-3.4% vs the previous day). It should be noted it is the lowest indicator in the history of DAM in Ukraine, i.e. since July 1, 2019. At the same time, the volume of sale bids also decreased slightly - to 224,315.9 MWh (-5.2%), thus leading to a slight decrease in market surplus - the gap with the volume of purchase bids was 15.8 times. At the same time, the structure of electricity trading on DAM has somehow changed: only producers sold electricity, and in the structure of purchase about 68.9% belonged to suppliers, 30% to system operators, 0.8% to traders, and 0.3% to producers. Intraday market (IDM): After an anomaly - drop below the DAM price - on April 27, the weighted average price of electricity on IDM increased sharply to 2,637.94 UAH/MWh (+42.3% vs the previous day). The volume of trading has also grown significantly to 271.2 MWh (+68,8% vs the previous day). At the same time, due to the decrease of sale bids by over a third - up to 30,353.5 MWh (-34.2%), market surplus decreased significantly, but remained abnormally high - the gap with the volume of purchase bids dropped from 289 to 112 times. The structure of trading on IDM is also unstable: as on the DAM, only producers sold electricity, while 71.2% of the purchase structure was occupied by suppliers, and 17.9% by producers and 10.9% by network operators. Disruption and resumption of supply According to the Cabinet of Ministers, as of 20:00 on April 27, 885 settlements were disconnected from electricity, a total of over 691,400 consumers. During the day, electricity supply was resumed to more than 61,000 consumers. Large-scale power supply disruptions and, consequently, active recovery works were taking place: • in the Luhansk region, 39 settlements were left without electricity supply - 26 completely and 13 partially (98,384 consumers); • in the Donetsk region, according to DTEK, supplies to 17 settlements were resumed during the day (9,400 consumers); 234 settlements remain without electricity (according to the Cabinet of Ministers, a total of 284,000 consumers); • in the Kharkiv region, according to the Cabinet of Ministers, supplies to 4,000 consumers were resumed during the day; 195,000 consumers were left without electricity; • in the Kyiv region, according to DTEK, supplies to 6,300 consumers were resumed during the day; according to the Cabinet of Ministers, 44,800 consumers were left without electricity; • in the Zaporizhzhia region, as of 20:00 on April 27, a total of 37,414 consumers in 84 settlements had no electricity supply; supply to 1,800 consumers was resumed during the day; • in the Mykolaiv region, supplies to 720 consumers were resumed during the day; • in the Kherson region, as of 16:00 on April 27, 81 settlements were completely left without electricity supply and 5 settlements - partially (a total of 49,410 consumers); • there was no up-to-date information on power supply in the Sumy, Chernihiv and Dnipropetrovsk regions at the time of the review preparation. Gas Sector: As of April 26, the transit of Russian gas through the territory of Ukraine amounted to 56.2 mcm, which is 12.6 mcm less than the previous day level. These volumes account for much less than the capacity contracted by Gazprom (109 mcm per day). There were no physical imports of gas from the EU that day. Gas transit through Ukraine (at Sokhranivka and Sudzha interconnection points), mcm Source: GTSOU Disruption and resumption of supply The Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Kherson, and Mykolaiv regions had the most challenging situation in gas supply. According to the Cabinet of Ministers, as of 20:00 on April 27, over 218,000 consumers were left with no gas supply. In the Donetsk region, the local DSO reported that the Lyman gas distribution station (GDS) was shut down on April 27. The supply can be maintained for about a day, but another 10,043 consumers would be disconnected if there are no changes. Gas networks in almost two dozen settlements were damaged by Russian artillery; as a result - another 65 consumers were left without gas. The Luhansk Regional Military Administration Head Serhii Haidai reported that, on April 28, only 45,486 consumers in the region had gas supply (6 towns and villages). Some of them had supply completely throughout the territory, others - partially. According to the Zaporizhzhia Regional Military Administration, as of the morning on April 28, almost 65,774 consumers in 84 settlements remained without gas supply. During the day, the previously damaged low-pressure distribution gas pipeline in the city of Orikhiv was restored. At the same time, 200 consumers were left without gas supply in the city of Huliaipole due to intensive hostilities this morning. In the Kyiv region, according to the local DSO, 149,375 consumers in 120 settlements were left without gas supply due to Russian aggression. On April 7, the operator began repairs. As of April 27, gas distribution was restored to 93,082 consumer facilities in 108 settlements (in particular, in the city of Bucha). The works continued in 12 settlements; supply should be restored to another 56,293 consumer facilities. The Kharkiv Regional Military Administration reported on the restoration of gas distribution networks. In the city of Derhachi, it was possible to maintain gas supply to consumers due to repairs. In the town of Zolochiv, gas supply was restored to 277 households. The Mykolaiv Regional Military Administration reported the situation didn’t change. 109 gas infrastructure facilities were damaged since the beginning of the war; 1,497 consumers remained without gas supply; restoration works were underway. In the Kherson region the situation was the same: as of April 27, 19,692 consumers (in particular, 5 settlements of the Stanislav community and 16 settlements of the Beryslav district) did not have gas supply. The Chernihiv District Military Administration reported that 41,200 consumers remained without gas supply since the beginning of the war. The local DSO restored supply to 36,000 households, and its specialists continued works in the settlements near Chernihiv. Operational information on gas supply in the Sumy region was not available at the time of the review preparation. Countermeasures of Ukrainian Companies and Public Authorities The President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi in a video address stated that the Russian decision to suspend gas supplies to Poland and Bulgaria is another signal for the EU not to hope for establishing any normal economic cooperation with the aggressor. According to him, Russia considers not only gas but also any trade as a weapon, expecting a convenient moment for blackmail and strengthening its military machine. According to Zelenskyi, the sooner Europe recognizes it is impossible to depend on trade with Russia, the sooner it would be possible to guarantee stability in the European markets. A working group under the Ministry of Energy headed by the Deputy Minister Yulia Pidkomorna announced the development of the Hydrogen Strategy of Ukraine was completed. It is expected that the strategy will include the establishment of infrastructure for hydrogen transportation, the creation of a hub for hydrogen storage and its transportation by water, rail and freight. The government approved a draft law on the establishment of a single state environmental monitoring system, to be submitted to the Verkhovna Rada. The system shall collect information on air, surface, ground and sea waters, lands, soils, forests and biodiversity. It is also planned to monitor waste management, geological processes and the impact of temperature, noise, vibration, radiation on humans and the environment. According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources, more than 100 cases of ecocide and more than 1,200 cases of negative impact on the environment (from shelling, forest burning, chemical pollution, etc.) were recorded in Ukraine during the war. The National Energy and Utilities Regulatory Commission (NEURC) reported that, at the April 26 meeting, the list of information the Regulator can require from licensees was limited; also, the obligation to notify about changes of management, bank accounts, office area, additional telephone numbers, faxes, e-mails etc. was canceled. The NEURC also announced a meeting on May 3. Inter alia, it is expected to consider draft decisions on: • approval of the volumes of doubtful and bad debts of Vinnytsiagaz Zbut, Volyngas Zbut, Sumygaz Zbut to Naftogaz (1.2 billion UAH in total) which are subject to settlement (in fact, write-off), with the auditors opinion by CRESTON UKRAINE LLC (on receivables from gas sales due to failure to adjust volumes to standard conditions) serving as the basis for such operation; • keeping the regulated regime of the retail gas market (households segment) by introducing an indefinite obligation for suppliers, which supply or plan to supply gas to households, to set basic annual commercial offers (applicable from May 1 to April 30 of the next year). • postponement of a number of obligations for incumbent gas suppliers, which resulted from violations of the law, until the 30th day of the sixth month after the date of termination or lifting of martial law or the state of war in Ukraine; • resumption of 2022 investment programs implementation by licensees of centralized water supply and sewerage; and updating them without holding public hearings. According to media reports, the Australian government has announced an increased support package to Ukraine, particularly in the energy sector. This was stated by the Prime Minister Scott Morrison and the Australian Defense Secretary Peter Dutton, quoted by the Australian Associated Press. The Australian government is expected to provide about 70,000 tons of steam coal to Ukraine as a part of the package. Sources: The alerts are developed based on collected, verified, and analyzed information reports of over 100 official sources: ministries, state agencies, network operators, and energy companies. Information was collected only from official websites and official social media accounts. 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