The digestion system o f ruminants 7 Goat breeds and information 11 Livestock management systems 20 4 UNLOCKING THE SECRETS IN THE SOIL Issue 09 19 FREE ADVERTISING SPACE IN OUR 10 TH EDITION – DECEMBER 2022 November 2022 Contents 4 7 5 6 11 8 3 Editors note 4 Unlock The S ecrets Of S oil 5 Fighting Against Desertification 6 Irvine’s Botswana 7 Ruminant Digestion 8 Gaborone Agricultural Show 2022 9 The Magic O f M ilking C ream 10 Bonsmara Cattle B reed 11 Goat Breeds 13 Digitalize Your B usiness 14 Alpha Bonsmara Cattle Auction 16 Online Agricultural Courses 17 Sun Tunnel – Solar Light Tube 18 Brain T easers 19 FREE Advertising Space - limited 20 Livestock Management Systems “Together we can share knowledge, and feed our Nation” TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 3 Dear Readers , My heart is very passionate about our planet, animals and mother earth Our well - being solely depends on this planet which gives food and water to all living things, so it is our responsibility to take care of it I believe that a clean environment is essential for healthy living, and enhancing our relationship with nature It is our duty to protect our earth, because caring for our earth means maintaining the existence of living beings and our future generations I trust that every reader shall thoroughly enjoy our 9 th issue of this magazine under the Temo Thuo Farmers Directory EDITORS NOTE Jerileigh du Preez Temo Thuo Farmers Directory Founder It’s time to bring into being a new future, feeding the world, caring for the earth In this edition of the Temo Thuo Farmers Magazine, we will be shining a light on unlocking the secrets to our soil, and the digestive process of ruminants W e will also be giving away 10 FREE advertising spaces that shall be featured in our 10 th edition - December 2022 There are also a few tricky riddles for great minds to try and solve I certainly hope this issue highlights some agricultural news We are in search of creative solutions as well as inspiration for readers to set goals and become the new era of entrepreneurs Jerileigh du Preez (+267) 754 84 559 info@farmersdirectory.co.bw Issue 9 – November 2022 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 4 Issue 9 – November 2022 Yacouba Sawadogo , the farmer from Burkina Faso who stopped the advance of desertification by reviving the forest using the ancient African practice of zai This was in response to a long drought, together with over - farming, over - grazing and over - population When he started Initially , farmers in his community ridiculed him and thought he was going crazy, but little did they know that planting trees with his family have now grown into a vast forest “Thomas Sankara (who was President of Burkina Faso between 1983 and 1987 , editor’s note) launched an appeal to develop initiatives to stop the advancement of the desert – Sawadogo recounts – and when he came to see my work, he asked me what technique I was using and I told him it was zai That’s why I’m also known as Yacoub Zai ” After the take - off on such ground - breaking work in the semi - arid African desert, Sawadogo was featured in a 2010 documentary , called The Man Who Stopped the Desert What A re T he Effects and Solutions to Combat Desertification? According to UNESCO , one - third of the world’s land surface is threatened by desertification, it also has side effects across the world and effects the livelihood of millions of people who depend on the benefits of ecosystems that drylands provide This is caused by over grazing, deforestation, wrong farming practices, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, over drafting of ground water, stripping the land of natural resources, water and soil pollution What are the aspects that we could implement to help with desertification? We could have a look at correct farming practices in policies, education on sustainable practices, restricting over mining, putting together land rehabilitation efforts and reforestation plans concentrating on areas mostly effected There are plenty of sustainable practices that can be applied. This is a big problem that needs to be addressed accordingly, and if we take the time to do it now, we can prevent other problems from happening with it in the future. TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 5 THE MAN WHO STOPPED THE DESERT Issue 9 – November 2022 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 7 Cows regularly regurgitate a food bolus for re - chewing This is called rumination The chewing and rumination processes increase the surface area, making the feed particles more accessible to the microbes in the rumen for digestion Food particles are digested in the rumen by a process of fermentation These cud - chewing mammals have four chambers of stomachs used for their digestion The Reticulum allows the animal to regurgitate and reprocess particulate matter (" chew its cud ") More finely - divided food is then passed to the Omasum , for further mechanical processing The mass is finally passed to the true stomach, the Abomassum , where the digestive enzyme lysozyme breaks down the bacteria so as to release nutrients Use of plant material is thus indirect, with primary processing by the bacterial flora maintained in the stomach Illustrated above ; Issue 9 – November 2022 GABORONE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SHOW 2022 Finally , after 2 years since the Gaborone National Agricultural Show has been on pause since the COVID - 19 pandemic, and shortly afterward in 2022 , Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) broke out in the North East District, holding up the movement of cloven - hoofed animals in and out of the disease control zone of 6 B The outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease delayed the National Agricultural Show, which was originally scheduled for the 29 th of August, and was eventually held on the 17 th of October 2022 in Gaborone TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 8 A big congratulations to all of the winners of the Gaborone National Agricultural Show 2022 Despite the pandemic, local Stud B reeders have been dedicated during this quiet time, and this showed true commitment in the Agricultural sector, and it definitely paid off Stud breeding has been an industry that has shown great success globally, and Agricultural Shows definitely adds value to in the era of modern breeding, to market animals, and many breeders will tell you, they enjoy farming with animals that offer visual appeal Through visual inspection, a show judge can determine whether an animal is coarse or fine - boned, large, rangy or podgy, whether it has good breadth and capacity, poor or good muscling in bulls, or too much definition of muscling depending on the breed Show animals, with their higher level of nutrition and constant hands - on management, cannot be compared directly with large scale commercial animals Devotion, great care and persistency is key to any good agricultural practice, and i f you have a positive mind - set and attitude , you can achieve anything in life! "Winners are not those who never fail, but those who never quit .“ - Edwin Louis Cole GABORONE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SHOW 2022 Issue 9 – November 2022 When milk goes through the homogenization process, the fat molecules are broken down to such a small size that they’re evenly distributed throughout the milk You want non - homogenized milk to make malai so that those fat molecules can be separated from the rest of the milk making true malai What does the research say? At the moment, there are no clinical research about malai’s effects on skin or hair However, malai does contain one of skin care’s heroes : lactic acid Because of this, malai’s purported benefits are totally plausible The benefits of this type of exfoliation include evening skin texture and tone, smoothing fine lines and wrinkles, and clearing pores An older study also found that lactic acid can improve the signs of sun damage As with any skin care treatment, DIY or otherwise, don’t expect to see results overnight — or even after a week! Most studies are conducted over a period of weeks or months If you know you’re lactose intolerant, or know that eating dairy causes acne for you, you should probably steer clear It’s always important to proceed with caution when it comes to DIY skin care treatments, as everyone’s skin responds differently to ingredients and these concoctions haven’t been tested for safety the way manufactured products are HOW DOES THIS WORK? TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 9 Milking cream, also referred to as malai , is a thick liquid that is produced from milk After cooking for about an hour, the cream is cooled and the malai , a layer of coagulated proteins and fat that rises to the surface during the cooking process, is skimmed off the top Advocates of milk cream for your skin commonly suggest using it as a facial mask Although initially designed as an udder cream for cows, it is also extensively used in the equine industry Popularly used as a wound ointment, event grease and hoof treatment It is mostly used in India , both in cooking and in skin care and hair care Those who use it believe malai can hydrate dehydrated skin, even skin tone, brighten complexion, and improve skin elasticity MILKING CREAM MAGIC Issue 9 – November 2022 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 10 The Bonsmara has been scientifically bred and exactly selected for economizing production in the expansive cattle grazing regions of South Africa The Bonsmara has come so popular that it has grown to be numerically the strongest beef breed in South Africa in less than 25 years encourages cow efficiency, and the outstanding mothering ability under all environmental circumstances, even extensive african climates, and this is the reason for their admiration, hence, why the Bonsmara should be at the top of the commercial cattle farmer’s list Bonsmara breed is used mainly for beef, and produce high quality meat Bonsmaras have a calm temperament, which makes it easy to work with them, and the cows have a good maternal ability Physical characteristics : The breed has a uniform red and brown coat, medium horn, a slight hump in the bull and a good beef formation Average Originating in South Africa as a scientific experimentation of professor Bonsma , the Bonsmara was created after numerous cross mating's and back - crosses conforming of five - eighths Afrikaner( Sanga - type), three - sixteenths Hereford, and three - sixteenths Shorthorn( both taurine types ) The breed was recognized in 1964 , and was officially registered in 1972 At present, the Bonsmara breed isn't solely in South Africa, but is also found in Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Swaziland, Mozambique, DR Congo, Angola, Rwanda, as well as Argentina, Australia, Brazil, and in US Bonsmaras are selected and bred through a system that effectively height at withers in adult males is about 123 cm Weights : Mature cows weigh on an average between 500 to 550 kg, producing calves with an average weaning weight of around 230 kg each, where as the bulls can weigh around 800 kg The main difference between beefmaster and bonsmara : B oth breeds comprise 25 % Hereford and 25 % Shorthorn, but the Bonsmara has 50 % Afrikaner, whereas the Beefmaster has 50 % Brahman Greenway Bonsmara Jan Bekker (+267) 716 26 752 janbekker1972@gmail.com EVERYTHING TO KNOW ABOUT Issue 9 – November 2022 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 11 DO YOU KNOW YOUR Issue 9 – November 2022 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 12 HERE WE GOAT AGAIN Issue 9 – November 2022 Temo Thuo farmers Directory is in collaboration with Agricolleges international which is a modern, cloud - based online learning institution We provide students with affordable, accessible and industry - relevant education and training in the fields of agriculture and related agri - industries ACI’s unique offering provides access to information in an online, blended and shared learning environment, available from anywhere at any time ACI offers various short courses in Agribusiness, Plant and Animal Production, as well accredited one - year NQF Level 4 National Certificate courses Contact us today for more information education@farmersdirectory co bw (+ 267 ) 76 25 22 44 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 16 INTRODUCTORY COURSES; ⇝ Introduction to Agribusiness. ⇝ Introduction to Animal production. ⇝ Introduction to Plant Production. FUNDAMENTALS COURSES; ⇝ Fundamentals of Agribusiness. ⇝ Fundamentals of Avocado production. ⇝ Fundamentals of Good Agricultural Practices. ⇝ Fundamentals of Macadamia Production. ⇝ Fundamentals of Maize production. CITRUS COURSES; ⇝ Citrus Harvesting. ⇝ Citrus Packaging. ⇝ Citrus Planting Management. ⇝ Citrus Propagation, Plant Structures & Functions. ⇝ Citrus Pruning. ⇝ Integrated Pest management for Citrus. NATIONAL CERTIFICATES; ⇝ National Certificate in general Agriculture. ⇝ National Certificate in Plant Production. ⇝ National Certificate in Animal Production AVAILABLE COURSES Issue 9 – November 2022 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 17 SUN PIPE – SUN TUNNEL - SOLAR LIGHT TUBE - Capture, Transmission and diffusion of natural lighting Our SUN PIPE – SUN TUNNEL - SOLAR LIGHT TUBE are systems for capturing and transmitting natural Daylight to the interior of the buildings where they end with the solar diffusers The dome is placed on the outside and maximizes the capture of natural light that will enter the SUN PIPE – SUN TUNNEL - SOLAR LIGHT TUBE and route it to the solar diffuser placed inside the installation In the background it’s as a Light Tunnel The great advantage is that it can bring natural light to spaces that were otherwise was practically impossible to illuminate : lighting for indoor bathrooms, corridors, cellars etc The domes, SUN PIPE – SUN TUNNEL - SOLAR LIGHT TUBE and solar diffusers have unique and selective features, so they transmit the “good” light and eliminate harmful light (UV, and part of the Infrared) so that the heat or cold transmission to the interior is residual Studies have shown that on average about 80 % of working hours in closed environments can be done under natural lighting, thus contributing directly to the reduction of energy consumption and consequently to the improvement of the energy efficiency of buildings The physical and psychological health of all workers depends on the working conditions and if it takes place in natural spaces, provided with natural light (illuminated with SUN PIPE – SUN TUNNEL - SOLAR LIGHT TUBE, with Persian light tunnels, Uranus integrated lighting), then it will be better than elsewhere without these conditions Capture, Transmission and diffusion of natural light Cell: (+267) 71 61 4007 Email: jerrysteamenergy@gmail.com Issue 9 – November 2022 B RAIN - T EASERS 1. My power is made, by means of a blade. What one cannot see, Is transformed by me. On a farm with friends, o ur work never ends. The more of us turn, t he less oil will burn What am I? 2. I have cities but no houses; have mountains but no trees. I have water but no fish. What am I ? 3. What can be found in the middle of April and March that cannot be found at the end or beginning of either? 4. Which English word contains three sets of double letters consecutively ? 5. You measure my life in hours, and I serve you by expiring. I’m quick when I’m thin and slow when I’m fat. The wind is my enemy. What am I ? 6. It belongs to you, but everyone else uses it more than you do. 7. A farmer drives the wrong way on a one - way street. He passes the cops, but they don’t stop him. Why ? 8. In marble halls as white as milk, lined with a skin as soft as silk. Within a fountain crystal - clear. A golden apple doth appear. No doors there are to this stronghold, yet thieves break in and steal the gold . What am I? TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 18 DO YOU HAVE ANY TRICKY FARMING RIDDLES , ANY QUESTIONS REGARDING FARMING FOR OUR NEXT Q&A PAGE, OR ARE YOU A CREATOR OF COMIC STRIPS AND WOULD LIKE TO BE FEATURED IN OUR MAGAZINE ? Give us a call, send us an email, or a WhatsApp for more info on being featured in our Magazine. ANSWERS 1. A wind turbine 2. A map 3. The letter “R” 4. Book - keeper 5. A candle 6. Your name 7. He was walking 8. egg Issue 5 – June 2022 “Just ignore her new tattoos, Daisy... She’s just trying to get a reaction.” Be featured in our Magazine, and claim your FREE advertising spot for our December 2022 edition now. All you have to do to qualify for this exclusive offer, is to follow the simple guided steps below; 1. Follow us on Facebook. 2. Upload a photo to your Facebook page of your farm, livestock, produce, or products. 3. Tag us @ Temo Thuo Farmers Directory. 4. Add the following hashtags to your post; #farmers #magazine #advertising # botswana Terms and Conditions: Advert Size : 89mm x 51mm ONLY Text : Text on the advert should not be smaller than 8 point size, and should be in an easily readable font. Copyright: Any p hotographs , illustrations, and other images in your advert that are subject to copyright and intellectual property will not be accepted by Temo Thuo Farmers Directory. NB: Be sure that you can supply Temo Thuo Farmers Directory with your own advert, along with the correct specifications as stated above. If you do not meet the T’s and C’s, you will automatically be disqualified from this giveaway. 89 mm 51 mm ADVERT SIZE GUIDELINE OFFER LIMITED TO SPOTS ONLY – HURRY! 10 TEMO THUO FARMERS MAGAZINE 19