How Sugar Fuels Tooth Decay Presence of Bacteria Acid Production Demineralization of Enamel Formation of Cavities Bacterial Proliferation The human mouth is home to a variety of bacteria, some of which are beneficial, while others can be harmful. The acid produced by the bacteria lowers the pH level in the oral environment. The acid attack on the enamel leads to demineralization, causing the minerals, such as calcium and phosphate, to be stripped away. Over time, if the demineralization continues, it can lead to the formation of cavities (also known as caries or decay). As cavities form, they provide a conducive environment for bacteria to thrive. www.haberfielddentists.com.au