Eyes saw the signs (things that happened on my birthday:) Reece Coren Written April 28, 2024 Revised September 10, 2024 September 7th, 70 A.D.: A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem. September 7th, 1159: Rolando Bandinelli is elected pope and takes the name Alexander III. September 7th, 1228: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II lands in Acre, Palestine, and starts the Sixth Crusade, which results in a peaceful restoration of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. September 7th, 1630: The city of Boston, Massachusetts is founded in North America. September 7th, 1714: France and the Holy Roman Empire sign the Treaty of Baden, ending the War of the Spanish Succession. September 7th, 1812: Napoleon leads France to a victory over Russia at the Battle of Borodino. More than 70,000 men are killed in the bloodiest single day of combat in world history. September 7th, 1822: Dom Pedro the first declares Brazil's independence on the shores of the Ipiranga Brook in São Paulo. September 7th, 1857: Mormon settlers slaughter members of a peaceful emigrant wagon train in what came to be known as the Mountain Meadows massacre. September 7th, 1864: Union General William T. Sherman orders residents of Atlanta, Georgia, to evacuate the city in preparation for his march to the sea. September 7th, 1901: The Boxer Rebellion ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol. September 7th, 1921: The first Miss America Pageant is held in Atlantic City, New Jersey. September 7th, 1940: The German Luftwaffe bombs London for the first of 57 consecutive nights, beginning the Blitz. September 7th, 1944: Lawrence Edward King, Jr. is born in Omaha, Nebraska. September 7th, 1953: Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. September 7th, 1963: The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members. September 7th, 1965: United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula. September 7th, 1969: The Associated Press reports that the Army has charged 26-year-old officer William L. Calley with murdering an unspecified number of citizens in Vietnam in 1968. September 7th, 1977: The United States signs the Torrijos–Carter Treaties with Panama in Washington D.C., agreeing to give Panama control of the Panama Canal by the end of the 20th century. September 7th, 1979: Six months after his conviction for the rape of Betsy Sailor, former Penn State football player Todd Hodne pleads guilty to two counts of rape, two counts of sexual abuse and one count of attempted second-degree robbery. Also on September 7th, 1979: The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for $1.5 billion to avoid bankruptcy. September 7th, 1986: Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet escapes an attempt on his life. Also on September 7th, 1986: Bishop Desmond Tutu takes his position as the first Black man to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa. September 7th, 1997: 25-year-old American rapper/actor Tupac Shakur is shot four times after attending a boxing match between Mike Tyson and Bruce Seldon at the MGM Grand Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas. September 7th, 2008: The United States government takes control of the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US: Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. September 7th, 2015: During an interview with the Associated Press, Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton says she does not need to apologize for using a private email account and server while at the State Department. September 7th, 2018: 26-year-old American rapper Mac Miller is found unresponsive at his home in Studio City, Los Angeles. Also on September 7th, 2018: Rappers Cardi B and Nicki Minaj engage in a physical altercation at a New York Fashion Week party. September 7th, 2024: 31-year-old mother of two Amanda Cahill is found dead in a cell at the Philadelphia Industrial Correctional Center after being arrested on a drug charge along with 33 other people during a sweep police conducted in Kensington.