○ S3: Pollution Abatement - Unit 1, Session 3 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Sustainable Cities and Communities is: ○ Answer: C. SDG 11 2. Responsible Consumption and Production is covered under: ○ Answer: A. SDG 12 3. Life Below Water is represented by: ○ Answer: B. SDG 14 4. Which of the following is an example of water pollution? ○ Answer: A. Discharge of industrial waste into rivers 5. The accumulation of non-biodegradable waste is a major issue of: ○ Answer: A. Plastic pollution Short Questions Q1. What are Sustainable Development Goals? ● Answer: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a collection of 17 global goals established by the United Nations in 2015 as a blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address global challenges including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, and peace and justice. Q2. What is global warming and its cause? ● Answer: Global warming is primarily caused by human activities that increase greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, trapping heat and raising Earth's average temperature. Modern global warming is overwhelmingly driven by human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial emissions, which increase greenhouse gas concentrations and trap heat in the atmosphere. Natural factors play a minor role in the current trend, as evidence shows that the rapid rise in global temperatures over the past century exceeds what natural processes alone could produce. Long Question Q1. Explain how the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framework for global sustainability. ● Answer: The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a structured global framework for sustainability through four key mechanisms: 1. Integrated Pillars: The 17 goals connect economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection into a single system, ensuring progress in one area (like industry) does not destroy another (like the environment). 2. Measurable Targets: Supported by 169 targets and concrete indicators, the framework turns high-level sustainability goals into trackable, actionable milestones for national progress. 3. Universal & Adaptable Design: Applicable to all countries regardless of income level, the SDGs allow national and local governments to tailor global targets to their specific context. 4. Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration: Through SDG 17, the framework unites governments, businesses, civil society, and academia to mobilize resources and share responsibility for sustainable outcomes.