How Solar Panels Work Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity. This renewable technology powers over 4% of US electricity needs. Since the 1950s, photovoltaic technology has advanced rapidly. Today, more than 200 gigawatts have been installed globally. by Clickpilot The Basics of Solar Energy Photon Energy Sunlight contains photons - tiny energy packets that fuel the solar conversion process. Location Matters Solar radiation varies by geography and weather. South- facing installations receive optimal sunlight. Positioning Impact In the UK, proper positioning creates an 840 kWh/year difference between north and south installations. Visit our website - https://aaaelectricalsolar.com.au/service/solar- panels/ Photovoltaic Effect Explained 1839 Photovoltaic effect first discovered Early 1900s Scientific understanding develops Mid-1900s Commercial applications begin Today Widespread adoption in energy sector Inside a Solar Cell Silicon Layers Solar cells use silicon with different electrical properties. This creates the environment for electricity generation. The P-type layer (positive) and N-type layer (negative) work together to create an electric field. At their junction, a depletion region forms. This is where the photovoltaic magic happens. The Conversion Process Photon Absorption Photons knock electrons loose from silicon atoms Electron Movement Electric field pulls electrons to N-type layer Hole Flow Positive holes flow toward P-type layer Voltage Creation Electrons flow through external circuit as electricity From DC to AC Electricity DC Generation Panels produce direct current electricity Inverter Conversion Inverters transform DC to AC at 95- 98% efficiency Home Compatibility AC electricity powers standard electrical systems Grid Integration Excess electricity can be exported to the grid Complete Solar Power System Energy Capture Solar panels harvest sunlight energy and convert it to DC electricity. Power Conversion Inverters transform DC to AC power for home use. Distribution Consumer unit routes electricity throughout building systems. Grid Connection Excess power exports to grid. Grid supplies when solar is insufficient. Visit our website at - https://aaaelectricalsolar.com.au/service/solar-panels/ Efficiency and Future Developments Future Tech Transparent panels and perovskite cells Lab Prototypes Reaching 47.1% efficiency Commercial Panels Current efficiency: 15-22% Solar costs have decreased 70% over the last decade. Bifacial panels now capture reflected light, further improving efficiency. Visit our website at - https://aaaelectricalsolar.com.au/service/solar-panels/