Russian Academy of Sciences Mathematics 1. Lebedev Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Engineering EU sanctions justification: Holds a license administered by the Russian Ministry of Industry and trade, which covers the “ development, production, testing, installation, maintenance, disposal and sale of weapons and military equipment” , as well as a license administered by the FSB, which is issued to IT companies that develop encryption and cryptography technology, information systems and telecommunication systems for the Russian intelligence services, as well as IT companies that develop personal database management systems for the Russian security services (i.e. tools specifically designed to store, retrieve, and manage large amounts of data obtained through, for example, social media scraping or other intelligence gathering practices). 2. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics is an institute within the Russian Academy of Sciences that conducts activities related to the fields of nanotechnology, semiconductors, aerodynamics, and aeroacoustics. Bureau of Industry and Security “for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of Russia's military ” 3. Ivannikov Institute for System Programming US sanctions justification: An entity that has cooperated with Russian military and intelligence authorities in support of the Russian Government’s cyber intelligence objectives. Physics 4. Institute of Applied Physics EU sanctions justification: IAP RAS is financed by the Russian state and its inventions are used in precision material processing, control of production processes, and military and technical tasks . In addition, IAP RAS has licenses for the maintenance and development of weapons and military equipment 5. Space Research Institute US sanctions justification: Space Research Institute Russian Academy of Sciences designs and tests equipment and systems for space research under the control of Russia’s Ministry of Defense 6. Institute of Laser Physics US sanctions justification: The Institute of Laser Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Laser Physics) is a federally financed institution owned by the Government of the Russian Federation. The Institute of Laser Physics is involved in the application of high-power lasers for scientific research and technology. 7. Prokhorov General Physics Institute US sanctions justification: A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute Russian Academy of Sciences is a Russia-based institute that focuses research on laser physics and optics, quantum electronics, microelectronics, and nanoelectronics. 8. Institute of High Current Electronics US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury Institute of High Current Electronics Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences develops devices and technologies for electronics, plasma physics, quantum electronics, and photonics, and has participated in a conference hosted by a U.S.-designated Russian weapons laboratory Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire items subject to the EAR in support of Russia's military modernization efforts. 9. Institute of Spectroscopy US sanctions justification: FEDERAL STATE FINANCED INSTITUTION OF SCIENCE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ACADEMY OF SCIENCES conducts activities related to analytical spectroscopy and its applications to technology control, nanotechnologies, and also develops new technologies. 10. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics US sanctions justification: L. D. LANDAU INSTITUTE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES has several areas of research including quantum computing, which is a type of technology. 11. Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics US sanctions justification: The Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISSP) is a Russia-based quantum research institute and it is involved in solving problems with high-tech applications. On September 30, 2022, the Department of Commerce added ISSP to the Entity List for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of the Russian military 12. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems US sanctions justification: P.L. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences is a Russia-based research institution primarily researching quantum fluids and superconductivity. 13. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics US sanctions justification: The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences is one of Russia’s leading physics research centers and focuses on the development of new technologies. 14. Ioffe Institute EU sanctions justification: The Ioffe Institute carries out critical tasks of developing a domestic component base in the field of optoelectronics, in particular lasers for various applications. The Ioffe Institute receives financial and institutional state support for those projects. In addition, technologies developed by the Ioffe Institute are used to replace imported technologies in important Russian industries, including in the military industry 15. Lebedev Physical Institute US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury Federal State Financed Institution of Science Physical Higher Education Institution Named After P. N. Lebedeva of the Russian Federation Academy of Sciences has conducted research related to weapons Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of the Russian military , as well as their involvement in the development of quantum computing technologies, which would further enable Russia's malicious cyber activities , or are otherwise important to Russia in developing advanced production and development capabilities. 16. Kazan Scientific Center US sanctions justification: The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC KAZSC RAS) is a Russian Federal Research Center responsible for achieving results in the implementation of technological priorities in Russia, particularly in areas of strategic importance. Nanotechnology and Information Technology 17. Federal Research Center Informatics and Management US sanctions justification: Federal State Institution Federal Research Center Informatics and Management of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC CSC RAS) conducts research and development in the fields of computer science, informational technology, and systems analysis. A FRC CSC RAS researcher has developed mathematical modeling technology for analyzing financial flows for Russia’s military-industrial base 18. Artificial Intelligence Research Institute US sanctions justification: Russian Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAIRI) develops systems related to artificial intelligence. A leading RAIRI researcher has presented on robotic systems at a Russian military forum 19. Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury FEDERAL STATE INSTITUTION FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC CENTER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES conducts activities related to the development of nanotechnology, information technology, and computing, and is also involved in activities related to semiconductors. Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of Russia's military 20. Institute of Automation and Electrometry Canadian sanctions justification: for contributing to Russia's war efforts 21. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducts research in areas such as analysis methods of computer models of continuous systems and cognitive methods for the development of computer design of complex technical objects. Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of activities contrary to U.S. national security and foreign policy interests 22. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences has participated in military robotics activities to benefit the Russian Ministry of Defense. Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of the Russian military , as well as their involvement in the development of quantum computing technologies, which would further enable Russia's malicious cyber activities , or are otherwise important to Russia in developing advanced production and development capabilities 23. Microelectronic Research and Development Center US sanctions justification: Specifically, all of these entities have been involved in, contributed to, or otherwise supported the Russian security services, military and defense sectors, and military and/or defense research and development efforts 24. Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology US sanctions justification: Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of the Russian military , as well as their involvement in the development of quantum computing technologies, which would further enable Russia's malicious cyber activities , or are otherwise important to Russia in developing advanced production and development capabilities 25. Special Design Bureau of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics US sanctions justification: Bureau of Industry and Security These entities are being added due to the long-term (60 days or greater) prevention of a successful end-use check conducted by or on behalf of BIS. Specifically, there has been a sustained lack of cooperation by the host government to schedule and facilitate the completion of a timely end-use check of persons listed on the Unverified List. As a result of the sustained inability to conduct an end-use check, there is an unacceptable risk of diversion or misuse of items subject to the EAR. Energy, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, and Control Systems 26. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics US sanctions justification: Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Lavrentyev) conducts fundamental research and participates in the development of scientific foundations of modern engineering and technology in areas including mathematical problems of continuum mechanics, physics and mechanics of high-energy processes, and mechanics of liquids and gases. Lavrentyev has government contracts for the development, manufacturing, installation, installation supervision, and adjustment supervision of technological equipment. 27. Ishlinsky Institute of Problems of Mechanics US sanctions justification: Ishlinsky carries out activities with the U.S.-designated Federal Autonomous Enterprise The Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute Named After Professor NE Zhukovsky, which is involved in military aircraft research 28. Institute of Marine Technology Problems US sanctions justification: Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of Russia's military 29. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences US sanctions justification: Department of Treasury V A Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences (Trapeznikov) is involved in the development of jet technology, the control of aircraft gas turbine engines, multiprocessor computers, and control computing complexes. Trapeznikov’s partners include the Russian Ministries of Defense and Internal Affairs. Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of Russia's military 30. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics US sanctions justification: RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SIBERIAN BRANCH KHRISTIANOVICH INSTIТUTE OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS (ITAM SB RAS) is a Russia-based military-industrial entity that has been involved in the development of hypersonic missiles 31. Energy Research Institute US sanctions justification: Russia-based, state-owned Energy Research Institute of The Russian Academy of Sciences (INEI RAN) provides scientific analysis in order to forecast and develop Russia’s national energy policy and markets. 32. Joint Institute for High Temperatures US sanctions justification: Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences researches energy efficient technologies and combustion, detonation, and explosions, and has participated in a conference hosted by a U.S.-designated Russian weapons laboratory Chemistry and Materials Science 33. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science US sanctions justification: Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences researches manufacturing processing of ferrous, non-ferrous, and rare metals and alloys; 34. Institute of Petroleum Chemistry US sanctions justification: Russia-based Institute of Petroleum Chemistry Siberian Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences (IPC SB RAS) researches and develops advanced technologies for enhanced oil recovery, preparation, transportation, and refining. 35. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis US sanctions justification: Bureau of Industry and Security `Military End User' Biology 36. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology US sanctions justification: Specifically, these entities have engaged in research, production, and/or attempted procurement of materials in support of Russia’s chemical and biological warfare (CBW) program 37. Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry US sanctions justification: Specifically, these entities have engaged in research, production, and/or attempted procurement of materials in support of Russia’s chemical and biological warfare (CBW) program 38. Institute of Basic Biological Problems US sanctions justification: Specifically, these entities have engaged in research, production, and/or attempted procurement of materials in support of Russia’s chemical and biological warfare (CBW) program 39. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology US sanctions justification: Specifically, these entities have engaged in research, production, and/or attempted procurement of materials in support of Russia’s chemical and biological warfare (CBW) program Earth Sciences 40. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology US sanctions justification: P.P. SHIRSHOV INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES is the oldest and largest Russian research center in the field of oceanology, which conducts fundamental and applied research through the use of research vessels, aircraft, underwater and space vehicles and other technical means. Additionally, it develops remotely operated and autonomous robotic tools that perform search and reconnaissance missions, as well as form parts of network-centric systems for the observation, registration, and guidance of surface and submarine forces of the Russian navy and other Russian government agencies. Bureau of Industry and Security for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of Russia's military 41. Special Research Bureau for Automation of Marine Researches US sanctions justification: for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of activities contrary to U.S. national security and foreign policy interests Social Sciences 42. Institute of State and Law Canadian sanctions justification: Canada is also sanctioning disinformation entities that are either directly funded by the state as federally-owned entities or receive funding in the form of state grants distributed by Kremlin agents. These entities, together with the individuals mentioned above, are part of an organized network whose intent is to spread false narratives and propaganda as if it were expert opinion in an attempt to legitimize Russia’s unjustifiable violation of Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity Miltech 1. Lebedev Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Engineering 2. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics 3. Institute of Applied Physics 4. Space Research Institute 5. Institute of Laser Physics 6. Prokhorov General Physics Institute 7. Institute of High Current Electronics 8. Institute of Spectroscopy 9. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics 10. Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics 11. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems 12. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics 13. Ioffe Institute 14. Lebedev Physical Institute 15. Kazan Scientific Center 16. Federal Research Center Informatics and Management 17. Artificial Intelligence Research Institute 18. Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis 19. Institute of Automation and Electrometry 20. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems 21. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics 22. Microelectronic Research and Development Center 23. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics 24. Ishlinsky Institute of Problems of Mechanics 25. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences 26. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 27. Joint Institute for High Temperatures 28. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science 29. Institute of Petroleum Chemistry 30. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis 31. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Cyber Warfare 1. Lebedev Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Engineering 2. Ivannikov Institute for System Programming 3. Lebedev Physical Institute 4. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics 5. Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology Chemical and Biological Warfare 1. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology 2. Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry 3. Institute of Basic Biological Problems 4. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Smuggling Technology for the Russian Military 1. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics 2. Institute of High Current Electronics 3. Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics 4. Lebedev Physical Institute 5. Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis 6. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems 7. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics 8. Valiev Institute of Physics and Technology 9. Institute of Marine Technology Problems 10. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences 11. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology 12. Special Research Bureau for Automation of Marine Researches Suspected Secret Military Use & Blocking Inspections 1. Special Design Bureau of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics State Energy Strategy 1. Energy Research Institute Disinformation and Propaganda 1. Institute of State and Law